Risk of gallstones following gastrectomy in Japanese men

The risk of gallstones developing after gastrectomy in middle-aged Japanese men was investigated in a study of 2,738 men aged between 48 and 56 years who underwent both gallbladder ultrasonography (US) and a barium study of the upper digestive tract. It was revealed that 61 men had gallstones, 37 had had their gallbladder removed previously, and 55 had a history of gastrectomy. The prevalence of gallstones was 3.5 times higher in the men who had previously undergone gastrectomy (7.7%) than in those who had not (2.2%) (P=0.03). Moreover, gallstones tended to be more prevalent in those who had undergone Billroth II gastrectomy (12.5%) compared with those who had undergone Billroth I gastrectomy (5.6%); however, the difference was not significant. These results indicate that gastrectomy using either Billroth I or Billroth II reconstruction predisposes to gallstone formation. Nevertheless, it was estimated that prior gastrectomy was responsible for no more than 5% of gallstones in the study population.     

Immunoadjuvant action of liposomes for entrapped Japanese Encephalitis virus E－glucoprotein

ＩｍｍｕｎｏａｄｊｕｖａｎｔａｃｔｉｏｎｏｆｌｉｐｏｓｏｍｅｓｆｏｒｅｎｔｒａｐｐｅｄＪａｐａｎｅｓｅＥｎｃｅｐｈａｌｉｔｉｓｖｉｒｕｓＥ－ｇｌｕｃｏｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ￥ＨｕＪｕｎ（胡军）；ＭａＷｅｎｙｕ（马文煜）；ＨｕａｎｇＱｉｎｇｓｈｅｎｇ（黄庆生）...     

Non–rabies Lyssavirus human encephalitis from fruit bats: Australian bat Lyssavirus (pteropid Lyssavirus) infection

A 39-year-old woman died of encephalitis a few weeks after being scratched by fruit bats. Autopsy disclosed meningoencephalomyelitis, and revealed neuronal intracytoplasmic inclusions which had similarities to Negri bodies of rabies. Laboratory investigations detected a Lyssavirus type previously identified only in fruit bats. This appears to be the first human case of encephalitis due to this Lyssavirus type.     

60例急性病毒性脑炎的临床分析

目的　评价急性病毒性脑炎的诊断与治疗。方法　收集 1993～ 2 0 0 1年 6月的住院病案 60份 ,就临床症状、神经体征、周围血白细胞计数和分类、脑脊液、脑电图、脑CT检查 ,以及单用激素组和激素 +抗病毒毒药组之间的疗效关系进行分析。结果　本组病毒性脑炎可分为六种临床类型 :精神异常 ;持续性剧烈头痛伴呕吐 ;强直 -阵挛性抽搐 ;持续性意识障碍 ;脑神经损害、失语、偏瘫 ;小脑性共济失调。前三型最为常见 ,并且三型之间的临床现象有相互穿插出现的现象。经统计学处理 ,单用激素组与激素 +抗病药物组之间的疗效无显著性差异。结论　急性病毒性脑炎为一种自限性疾病 ,但在没有病毒学检查的情况下 ,尚应和急性播散性脑脊髓炎或多发性硬化作鉴别     

东部马脑炎病毒E2基因与GM-CSF共表达质粒的构建及其免疫原性初步研究

目的:利用粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)作为基因佐剂,提高东部马脑炎病毒E2基因重组质粒的免疫效果.方法:分别扩增E2基因与GM-CSF基因,连接进入含有内部核糖体插入位点(IRES)的真核表达载体中,构建共表达质粒.Lipofectamine2000介导转染真核细胞BHK-21,反转录PCR检测E2和GM-CSF两个基因的转录,Western印迹法和间接免疫荧光法(IFA)检测细胞内E2基因表达产物的抗原性.通过肌肉注射免疫BALB/c小鼠,IFA法测定血清抗体效价,FACS测定免疫小鼠脾细胞中CD4 /CD8 淋巴细胞构成比,初步观察共表达质粒的免疫原性.结果:经酶切鉴定与序列测定证明重组共表达质粒中含有E2和GM-CSF两个基因且序列正确.转染细胞的反转录PCR可见E2和GM-CSF两个基因的转录.Western印迹结果可见转染细胞的裂解液在相对分子质量50 000位置有特异性条带.将转染细胞制成荧光抗原片,经IFA检测可见胞浆中出现特异荧光.免疫小鼠的最高血清抗体效价为1:160,但细胞免疫未观察到明显的提高.结论:构建的共表达质粒pE2-IRES-mGM-CSF具有良好的免疫原性,能有效刺激小鼠特异性体液免疫应答,提高了E2基因重组质粒诱导的血清抗体效价.     

产褥期脑病62例临床分析

目的研究产褥期脑病的临床特征、治疗方法及预后。方法选择62例产褥期突发精神症状并有全脑受累体征病人的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果发现产褥期脑病的临床表现酷似病毒性脑炎,但病前无明显感染灶,病程较长,疗效和预后较差。结论对产褥期精神异常病人应进行神经病学方面检查,尽早诊治。病初要控制和缩短脑水肿期,防止和减轻脑细胞的变性和脱鞘;恢复期要耐心而持久地进行各种康复治疗,以便病人恢复到最佳健康水平。     

病毒性心肌炎心肌线粒体结构功能变化及大剂量维生素C干预作用

目的：探讨病毒性心肌炎（ＶＭＣ）小鼠心肌线粒体结构和功能，并用大剂量维生素Ｃ进行干预。方法：雄性Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠随机分为柯萨奇Ｂ３病毒（ＣＶＢ３）感染组（ＩＧ）、ＣＶＢ３感染加大剂量维生素Ｃ治疗组（ＩＶＧ）和对照组（ＣＧ）。采用电镜和形态计量学方法观察心肌线粒体形态、数量和膜磷脂定位，用酶细胞化学法分析心肌线粒体细胞色素氧化酶（ＣＣＯ）和琥珀酸脱氢酶（ＳＤＨ）活性。结果：ＩＧ小鼠心肌线粒体大量破坏，ＣＣＯ和ＳＤＨ活性降低，膜磷脂严重缺失、定位改变（Ｐ　＜０．０５～　０．０１）。不同时相点ＩＶＧ上述各项指标均较ＩＧ显著改善（Ｐ　＜０．０５～０．０１）。结论：ＶＭＣ心肌线粒体结构严重破坏、功能明显下降，大剂量维生素Ｃ能有效保护心肌线粒体结构和功能。     

老年病毒性肝炎62例临床分析

本文分析62例老年病毒性肝炎。曾查感染标志者42.4%为乙型肝炎,仅1例为甲型肝炎。重症、慢性、瘀胆性分别为24.2%,25.8%,12.9%,均显著高于其他年龄组肝炎。83.9%为黄疸性,部份病例曾疑为肝外梗阻.61.3%有并发症。发生肝昏迷、上消化道大出血、原发性腹膜炎或肝肾综合征者大多病死。病死率为19.4%,远较其他年龄组肝炎高。提示老年人原因未明的不完全梗阻性黄疸宜先进行内科治疗。老年病毒性肝炎应注意加强综合治疗、预防和及时控制并发症。