北京市某区肠道门诊现状和合理设置模式的研究

目的：了解并评价某一地区肠道门诊的现况。方法：定量描述2004年全区肠道门诊的地理分布、门诊量、硬件配备、消毒隔离、管理、病种分析等，对就诊的患者进行定性访谈。结果：全区共有31家肠道门诊，城区肠道门诊布局相对合理，农村地区肠道门诊的服务半径过大，平均38．6km^2；二级、三级医院的肠道门诊门诊量大、硬件配备较完善，而一级医院的肠道门诊门诊量较少、硬件配备不足，有11家医院全年门诊量不足60人；43％肠道门诊病人为普通肠炎，16％为痢疾。结论：政府对一级医院的肠道门诊资金投入不足；农村肠道门诊布局不合理；肠道门诊的常规检测项目不合理。     

外来求职者乙肝HBsAg、HBsAb现状及疫苗需求分析

目的　了解昆山市外来求职人员乙肝HBsAg携带和HBsAb水平及对乙肝疫苗的需求情况。方法　用ELISA法对15 5 3 4名来昆求职人员进行血清HBsAg、HBsAb检测 ,然后对HBsAg、HBsAb阴性者作乙肝疫苗接种需求调查。结果　 15 5 3 4名外来求职人员中 989人HBsAg阳性 ,阳性率为 6 4% ;44 18人HbsAg阳性 ,阳性率为 2 8 4%。 10 12 7名HBsAg、HBsAb阴性者中有 764 8人愿意接受乙肝疫苗接种 ,需求率为 75 5 %。结论　目前昆山市外来求职人员的乙肝HbsAg携带率略低于全国平均水平 ,现有的HBsAb水平较低 ,对乙肝了解还不够 ,应加强宣传力度 ,提高乙肝疫苗接种率     

Hypertrophy of lymphoid organs is a possible phenotypic characteristic of R420W mutation of the cardiac ryanodine receptor gene: A study using a knock-in mouse model

Cardiac ryanodine receptor gene (RyR2) mutations sometimes result in sudden cardiac death due to fatal arrhythmias. N-terminal R420W mutation of RyR2 is known to show similar phenotypes to arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy and to cause juvenile sudden death. We previously reported two sudden death cases with the same R420W mutation. Interestingly, the cases showed hypertrophy of lymphoid organs such as the thymus and mesenteric lymph nodes. The present study examined whether R420W mutation of RYR2 causes hypertrophy of lymphoid organs by generating a mouse model carrying the mutation. Homozygous (RyR2^R420W/R420W) mice showed significant increases in thymus and spleen weights but not in kidney, heart, and brain weights compared with wild-type mice. The mice also showed remarkable hypertrophy of mesenteric lymph nodes. Immunohistochemical study revealed that RyR2 protein was prominently expressed in epithelial cells of the thymic medulla in the thymus. These findings show that mice with R420W mutation of RyR2 exhibit hypertrophy of lymphoid organs. Sudden unexplained death cases with the mutation may display such findings at autopsy.     

Utilization of dental health services among middle-aged people in Sweden and Denmark

In 1999, questionnaires were sent to random samples of 1001 Swedish citizens aged 55-79 years and 1175 Danish citizens aged 45-69 years. Various questions were asked concerning dental conditions, dental visit frequency per year, and money spent annually on dental care, etc. The objectives were to assess differences in the utilization of dental services and to compare out-of-pocket costs for dental care in Sweden and Denmark with control for age, gender, dental conditions and income. More than 80% of the subjects reported that a dentist had examined them less than 1 year previously. However, 77% of the Danes reported dental visits twice a year or more compared to 28% of the Swedes. Although the Danes reported a more frequent use of dental services, they had poorer dental conditions compared to the Swedes. Even though the Swedes used dental services less often than the Danes did, more subjects reported high 12-month out-of-pocket costs. In the present study, separate models were constructed for the two countries because there could be different mechanisms at play, as indicated by the results. The different insurance systems along with different degrees of commercialization in the two countries might be the most decisive factors in this context.     

Nuevos datos normativos de la versión española de la Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) forma A

IntroductionThe Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) is frequently used in clinical practice to evaluate cognitive function. It is quick to administer (20-30 minutes) and is not influenced by a learning effect. The RBANS includes 4 parallel versions and has a high discriminative ability.Our study provides normative data from the RBANS-E (Spanish-language version of RBANS form A) for a Spanish population aged 20 to 89 years.MethodsThe study included 609 subjects aged 20 to 89 years. Participants were evaluated at baseline with a short interview, a cognitive screening test (Mini–Mental State Examination), and a functional scale (Rapid Disability Rating Scale). The RBANS-E was then administered to all 609 participants.ResultsOur results show the influence of education on all subtest scores. Sex was observed to have no impact on any subtest.ConclusionOur study provides highly useful normative data for the cognitive evaluation of young and adult populations.     

2015年基于大数据的宜昌市城区高血压就诊与费用情况

目的 研究2015年宜昌市城区综合性医疗机构中的高血压患者门诊和住院现况及费用状况.方法 通过分析经宜昌市人口健康信息平台2015年1月1日至12月31日的高血压患者数据,分析宜昌市城区高血压患病就诊,医疗费用的情况.利用Execl进行数据清理,SPSS 20.0进行数据统计,采用描述性统计学方法.结果 宜昌市城区2015年综合性医疗机构门诊共接诊高血压患者65 947,共收治住院高血压患者16 276人.因高血压而花费的总费用,门诊为20 880 174.35元,住院总费用为194 722046.17元.次均医保外个人费用,门诊患者的为51.05元,住院患者为941.91元.次均医保范围总额,门诊患者为112.78元,住院患者为1 813.03元.结论 高血压的患病就诊给社会带来了极大的疾病经济负担,而改变生活方式,对高血压进行干预和预防,是降低高血压经济负担的最有效方式.     

Evaluation of fosphenytoin,levetiracetam, and propofol as treatments for nerve agent-induced seizures in pediatric and adult rats

Multiple recent instances of nerve agent (NA) exposure in civilian populations have occurred, resulting in a variety of negative effects and lethality in both adult and pediatric populations. Seizures are a prominent effect of NAs that can result in neurological damage and contribute to their lethality. Current anticonvulsant treatments for NAs are approved for adults, but no approved pediatric treatments exist. Further, the vast majority of NA-related research in animals has been conducted in adult male subjects. There is a need for research that includes female and pediatric populations in testing. In this project, adult and pediatric male and female rats were challenged with sarin or VX and then treated with fosphenytoin, levetiracetam, or propofol. In this study, fosphenytoin and levetiracetam failed to terminate seizure activity when animals were treated 5 min after seizure onset. Propofol was effective, exhibiting high efficacy and potency for terminating seizure activity quickly in pediatric and adult animals, suggesting it may be an effective anticonvulsant for NA-induced seizures in pediatric populations.     

川东北地区社会心理服务现状调查

目的 调查川东北地区各组织机构开展社会心理服务的现状以及居民的心理健康状况，为该地区社会心理服务体系建设工作的进一步开展提供参考。方法 采用自编调查表对巴中市通江县、广元市利州区、达州市大竹县共计148家组织机构进行调查，包括各组织机构社会心理服务体系建设工作现状及心理健康服务开展情况；采用患者健康问卷抑郁量表（PHQ-9）、广泛性焦虑障碍量表（GAD-7）和自编心理健康服务需求调查表，对三地试点地区21 505名居民的心理健康状况及其对心理服务的需求进行调查。结果 在试点地区148家组织机构中，81家（54.7%）机构有开展心理健康服务的场所，58家（39.2%）机构配备了专兼职心理健康服务工作人员。在2019年，有95家（64.2%）机构开展了职工心理健康服务活动，104家（70.3%）机构开展了心理健康科普宣传活动。在75家教育机构中，67家（89.3%）机构对学生开展了心理健康教育活动，47家（62.7%）机构实现了心理健康课程在学生中全覆盖。居民的抑郁、焦虑检出率分别为36.8%和30.8%，有83.7%的居民有心理健康服务的需求，主要集中在个人成长、婚姻家庭、子女教育和压力管理方面。结论 川东北三市试点地区的社会心理服务工作有序进行，场地、经费及人才保障有待进一步加强。居民的抑郁和焦虑问题较突出，且对心理健康服务的需求较高。