Tuberculosis diagnostic and treatment practices in private sector: Implementation study in an Indian city

Setting

Implementation study in private health facilities in an Indian metropolis.

Private health insurance in Sweden: Fast-track lanes and the alleged attempts to stop them

According to the Health and Medical Services Act (1982:763), those who have the greatest need for healthcare shall be given priority. This is being challenged by the rapid emergence of private health insurance which increases the share of private funding and creates fast-track lanes where some people get faster access to healthcare than others. The Stop Law, implemented by a Social Democratic government in 2006, was generally regarded as a way to put an end to the fast-track lanes in Swedish healthcare. Based on a thorough examination of the law and its legislative history – official reports, propositions, comments on official reports – this article argues that the Stop Law was so full of exceptions and loopholes that it did not threaten the existence of fast-track lanes. The same goes for a similar Social Democratic proposal from 2016, which is also examined in the article. Further, the article analyses centre-right wing positions on fast-track lanes in Swedish healthcare. In summary, it is argued that politicians of all stripes have allowed the development to proceed in spite of unanimous support for the idea that Swedish healthcare shall be provided to all on equal terms.     

Caffeine and the eye

Caffeine, a popular psychostimulant that acts as an adenosine receptor antagonist, is the most widely used drug in history, consumed daily by people worldwide. Knowledge of the physiological and pathological effects of caffeine is crucial in improving public health because of its widespread use. We provide a summary of the current evidence on the effect of caffeine on the eye. Most of the research conducted to date is in relation to cataract and glaucoma, two of the most common eye diseases among the elderly.     

河南省公立医院与民营医院三年发展情况对比分析

目的 对河南省公立医院与民营医院3年发展情况作对比分析,为河南省社会办医发展提出政策建议.方法 根据河南省卫生信息统计中心数据,利用Excel作描述性分析.结果 3年公立医院的机构数、执业(助理)医师数、诊疗人次数以及床位数所占比例呈现下降趋势,而民营医院所占比例则在这些指标上呈现上升趋势.结论 河南省控制公立医疗机构规模和数量,扶持民营医疗机构发展的政策正初现成效;新增民营医院发展态势良好,但公立医院的规模仍呈现扩大趋势;民营医院所提供卫生服务的利用率仍然有待提高.公立医院的机构数、执业(助理)医师、诊疗人次数、床位数指标的变化影响民营医院相应指标的增长.     

某民营三甲医院输血病案缺陷分析

目的通过调查分析某民营三甲医院输血病案缺陷,进一步规范输血病案管理,提高病历书写质量。方法随机抽取2017年1月1日-2018年12月31日临床输血病案1545份,通过统计输血病案缺陷率现状,运用PDCA循环等管理工具,寻找输血病案缺陷的主要原因,并对改进结果进行统计学分析,进行输血病案缺陷对策研究。结果输血病案中缺陷率最高的三个项目是输血后评价缺陷率、输血知情同意书签署缺陷率、输血病程记录缺陷率;通过持续改进,2018年较2017年输血病案缺陷明显降低,从25%降低到5.6%;各环节缺陷率也明显降低,且均具有有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论输血病案缺陷仍然存在,为减少输血病案的缺陷,需要加强输血病案管理,规范输血病案模板,不断完善临床用血相关规章制度,开展输血相关知识培训,增强医护人员的风险意识和法律意识。     

Blurring the divide: Navigating the public/private landscape of fertility treatment in the UK

It is widely assumed that fertility patients in the UK are either privately funded or publicly funded through the National Health Service. This article challenges this distinction and demonstrates how the boundaries between public and private fertility treatment provision are increasingly blurred. It draws on interviews with 42 fertility patients and partners who had accessed in vitro fertilisation (IVF) through both the National Health Service and private providers, to demonstrate how participants were compelled to engage with a consumerist model of healthcare, even when they had access to publicly funded IVF cycles. Patients’ experiences of navigating fertility treatment revealed a hybrid public/private consumption landscape, which reflects the uneven process of privatisation across the fertility sector. This article demonstrates how healthcare privatisation has had profound consequences for all IVF patients.     

个体诊所监管:现状、问题与建议

目的:了解中国当前个体诊所的监管现状及存在的问题,并提出建议。方法:采用典型抽样,在东中西部各选1个典型省份,每省选取2个地级市,采用半结构式访谈和典型诊所参与式观察法开展实地调研。结果:我国个体诊所监管存在严重不足,亟需建立有效的个体诊所监管机制。结论:应强化个体诊所的监管,提高个体诊所准入门槛;强化部门间分工协作,实行联合执法,推动信息互通和联网信息化建设;经济激励与惩罚措施并用,提高惩罚力度;发挥行业协会自我监督和社会监督作用。     

广东省某私立学校学生膳食营养调查

目的：了解全日制私立学校中学生的膳食结构和营养状况,探索一条可供推广的解决学生的营养问题的办法。方法：采用４日称重法对广东省一所全日制私立学校１３￣１８岁学生共８７３人进行营养调查。结果：该校中学生的每日平均热能、蛋白质、视黄醇当量、ＶＰＰ、ＶｉｔＣ的摄入量均达到或超过ＲＤＡ,但钙、铁、锌、铜、ＶｉｔＢ１不足。男生的身高与体重显著超过全国参考值（Ｐ〈０．０５）。女生除１３￣、１５￣岁组身高高于全国     

Knowledge of private practitioners of Bangalore city in diagnosis,treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis and compliance with case notification

One hundred and twenty-nine qualified private practitioners (PPs) were assessed on their knowledge in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), treatment of a new drug sensitive PTB case and practices of case notification, using semi-structured questionnaire. About 20% had adequate knowledge of diagnosis, 29% of treatment regimen, 54% the need for Direct Observation Treatment and 57% about role of sputum smear examination in monitoring treatment response. Of 85 (68%) PPs who had diagnosed any TB case during last two years, 54 (64%) had practised notification. These findings suggest the need for upgrading knowledge of PPs in TB diagnosis, treatment and notification.