Web Resources for Information About Providers and Facilities

Abstract

Health care consumers often need information about the quality of health services provided by specific facilities and health professionals. A growing number of Web sites are meeting consumers' needs for quality-related information. These sites offer a wide array of information, ranging from traditional directory information to comparative data and records of personal experiences. This paper provides a selective review of Web sites that offer information on the quality of health services delivered by specific physicians and facilities in the United States.     

实行科室年度考核分级管理的体会

为客观、公正、全面地评价科室年度工作,坚持＂一切以病人为中心,突出中医特色＂的宗旨,我院结合科室综合目标,利用平衡记分卡的原理,设计了科室年度考核分级管理制度.每年对科室从财务、客户、内部流程和学习成长四个层面进行考核评分,并根据分值将科室分为不同级别,予以奖惩.该制度实行几年来,取得了明显的效果,促进了医院的健康发展.     

上海某区世博期间精神病人治疗管理模式探讨

目的探讨世博期间辖区精神病人治疗管理模式,为精神病人长效管理提供依据。方法对疑似人群进行线索排查,对病人进行危险性评估,实行分级管理或入院治疗。结果对常住人口42076人和流动人口12300人开展线索调查,确诊精神病人108人;实施规范服药和定期随访后,社区1218名病人按医嘱服药率和家庭支持率分别为71.2%和67.4%,危险性评估均为1级以下;精神病人肇祸起数比上一年下降50%,肇事起数比上一年下降30%。结论对疑似病人进行排查,明确诊断,做到对病人的＂早发现、早诊断、早报告、早治疗和早管理＂。对社区病人实施规范服药和定期随访后,病人按医嘱服药率和家庭支持率显著提高,危险性等级显著降低,全区精神病人肇事、肇祸起数明显下降。     

针刺对比卡马西平治疗三叉神经痛的系统评价与序贯分析＊

目的 基于当前针刺对比卡马西平治疗三叉神经痛的随机对照试验（RCT），应用Meta及序贯分析，为针刺对比卡马西平治疗三叉神经痛提供临床决策。方法 对中国生物医学文献数据库、中国期刊全文数据库、万方资源数据库、维普数据库、Embase、Cochrane library、PubMed、Web of Science及相关临床注册平台（WHO ICTRP、ChiCTR、Clinical Trials）中有关针刺对比卡马西平治疗三叉神经痛的RCT文献进行检索，检索时间截止为2020年4月1日。使用Cochrane协作风险偏倚工具评估偏倚风险，STATA软件对主要结局指标（疼痛降低程度）进行Meta分析，TSA 0.9.5.10 Beta对结局指标进行试验序贯分析，GRADE对证据进行分级，同时详细描述不良反应发生情况。结果 本研究纳入了16篇随机对照试验研究，涉及了1231名参与者。Meta分析显示，针刺与卡马西平在疼痛降低程度方面具有统计学差异[SMD = 1.47；95%CI（0.99；1.95）]，但证据质量为极低质量。按文献发表年份进行累积Meta分析，提示针刺对比卡马西平治疗三叉神经痛初次被证明有统计学差异且较为稳定的时间是在2014年[SMD = 1.84；95%CI（0.22；3.47）]。同时，针刺的不良事件发生数远低于卡马西平。结论 针刺治疗三叉神经痛在镇痛方面优于卡马西平，且较卡马西平更安全。但确切结论仍需要高质量、多中心、大样本的RCT来确认这些发现。     

The Role of the Medical Expert in the Retrospective Assessment of Testamentary Capacity

Objectives:Physicians and other mental health experts are increasingly called on to assist the courts with the determination of testamentary capacity. We aim to improve the understanding of the retrospective assessment of testamentary capacity for medical experts in order to provide more useful reports for the court’s determinations and to provide a methodology for the retrospective assessment of testamentary capacity.Method:Medical experts with experience in the retrospective assessment of testamentary capacity collaborated with lawyers who practice estate litigation. The medical literature on the assessment of testamentary capacity was reviewed and integrated. The medical experts provided a clinical perspective, while the lawyers ensured that the case law and legal perspective were integrated into this review.Results:The focus and limitations of the medical expert are outlined including the need to be objective, nonpartisan, and fair. For the benefit of the court, the medical expert should describe the nature and severity of relevant medical, psychiatric, and cognitive disorders, and how they may impact on the specific criteria for testamentary capacity as defined by the leading case of Banks v Goodfellow. Medical experts should opine only on the issue of vulnerability to influence and defer to the court to determine the facts of the case regarding any influence that may have been exerted.Conclusions:Although the ultimate determination of testamentary capacity is a legal one, medical experts can help the court achieve the most informed legal decision by providing relevant information on clinical issues that may impact the criteria for testamentary capacity.     

基于加速康复外科护理对手术减肥患者有效性的系统评价与Meta分析

目的 评价加速康复外科护理对手术减肥患者的有效性。方法 计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Sience、The Cochrane library、中国知网、中国生物医学文献、维普、万方数据库的文献,检索时间为建库至2019年12月31日。由2名研究员根据纳入与排除标准筛选文献、提取数据,对纳入文献采用RevMan 5.2软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入14篇研究,纳入患者10 044例。Meta分析结果显示,与传统围术期护理比较,加速康复外科护理可明显缩短手术减肥患者住院时长[SMD=-2.33,95%CI(-3.43～-1.24),P＜0.0001];加速康复外科护理并未降低手术减肥患者再次入院率及术后相关并发症发生率[OR=0.83,95%CI(0.68～1.00),P=0.05;OR=0.94,95%CI(0.81～1.10),P=0.44];同时部分文献报道加速康复外科理念的推广可降低减肥手术患者住院费用。结论 现有证据表明,加速康复外科护理可显著缩短手术减肥患者的住院时长,降低患者住院费用,但对术后再入院率及并发症无明显影响。鉴于本次研究证据质量有限,今后还应开展更多高质量的研究。     

Ecological Momentary Assessment of Social Interactions: Associations With Depression,Anxiety, Pain,and Fatigue in Individuals With Mild Stroke

ObjectivesTo examine real-time relationships between social interactions and poststroke mood and somatic symptoms in participants’ daily environments.DesignProspective observational study using smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) surveys 5 times a day for 2 weeks. Multilevel models were used to analyze data for concurrent and lagged associations.SettingCommunity.ParticipantsAdults (N=48) with mild stroke.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresEMA measures of self-appraisal of social interactions (confidence, satisfaction, and success), as well as mood (depression and anxiety) and somatic (pain and fatigue) symptoms.ResultsIn concurrent associations, increased depressed mood was associated with reduced ratings of all aspects of social interactions. Fatigue was associated with reduced ratings of social satisfaction and success. In lagged associations, increased anxious mood preceded increased subsequent social confidence. Higher average social satisfaction, confidence, and success were related to lower momentary fatigue, anxious mood, and depressed mood at the next time point. Regarding clinicodemographic factors, being employed was concurrently related to increased social interactions. An increased number of comorbidities predicted higher somatic, but not mood, symptoms at the next time point.ConclusionsThis study provides preliminary evidence of dynamic relationships between social interactions and somatic and mood symptoms in individuals with mild stroke. Interventions to not only address the sequelae of symptoms, but also to promote participation in social activities in poststroke life should be explored.