绿舒筋注射剂对大鼠的长期毒性试验

目的 :观察绿舒筋注射剂对大鼠的长期毒性 ,为临床安全用药提供依据。方法 :用Wistar大鼠 ,设高、中、低剂量组 ,剂量分别为 80 ,5 0 ,30g·kg-1生药和对照组 (0 .9%的氯化钠溶液 )。连续腹腔注射 12周 ,观察大鼠的饮食、体重。停药后处死2 / 3,1/ 3留作恢复期观察。取血测定血常规及其生化指标 ,并取出主要脏器作组织病理学检查。结果 :高、中剂量组的体重增长与对照组相比存在明显差异 ,在血常规、血生化、重要脏器体重比中 ,高剂量组的部分指标与对照组相比存在明显差异。结论 :当剂量为 80 g·kg-1时对大鼠肝脏有损伤作用 ,该药具有一定毒性。但停药后其损伤可得到恢复。     

The clinical physiology of aging

International Urology and Nephrology -     

中山市1970年～1999年喉癌发病趋势分析

目的 探讨1970-1999年期间中山市喉癌发病状况及其趋势，为防治提供科学依据。方法收集、整理中山市1970—1999年期间肿瘤登记资料中的喉癌发病资料，统计分析其发病数、发病粗率、中国与世界标化发病率等指标。结果 1995～1999年期间中山市喉癌男、女与合计世界标化发病率分别为5．83／105、0．67／105、2．97／10^5，且1970—1999年期间其发病率具有明显上升趋势。结论 与国外相比，虽然中山市喉癌发病率处于较低水平，但与同期中国农村试点相比，则处于较高水平，提示中山市应加强喉癌的防治。     

中山市肾恶性肿瘤发病趋势分析

[目的]探讨1975年～1999年中山市肾恶性肿瘤发病状况及其趋势,为中山市肾恶性肿瘤防治提供科学依据.[方法]收集、整理中山市1975年～1999年恶性肿瘤登记资料中的肾恶性肿瘤发病资料,统计分析其发病数、粗发病率、中国及世界人口标化率等指标.[结果]1975年～1999年中山市新发肾恶性肿瘤患者140例,其中男性85例,女性55例;其男性中国人口与世界人口标化发病率分别为0.58/10万、0.73/10万,其女性中国人口与世界人口标化发病率分别为0.37/10万、0.47/10万;1975年～1999年其发病率无明显升降趋势.[结论]虽然1975年～1999年中山市肾恶性肿瘤无上升趋势,但其发病处于较高水平,提示应加强肾恶性肿瘤的防治.     

上海市区女性生殖系统恶性肿瘤发病趋势分析

目的对1972～1999年上海市区常见的女性生殖系统恶性肿瘤的发病率进行统计,分析其发病趋势及变化原因,为防治措施的制定提供依据.方法根据上海市肿瘤发病登记处收集的1972～1999年的上海市区卵巢癌、宫颈癌、宫体癌和不明部位子宫癌的病例资料和相应年份的人口资料,分别计算各年龄组的年龄别发病率.并采用直接法计算世界人口标化发病率,对数线性回归法计算标化率的年变化率(Annual percentage change,APC),并对病例数进行加权计算.结果1972～1999年上海市肿瘤登记处共登记卵巢癌6106例、宫颈癌8063例,宫体癌3 933例和不明部位子宫癌1 312例.28年来,宫体癌和卵巢癌的标化发病率呈上升趋势,分别从1972～1974年的2.49/10万和4.77/10万上升至1996～1999年的4.75/10万和6.88/10万,年增长率分别为3.0%和2.0%.同期宫颈癌的标化发病率从26.66/10万快速下降至2.18/10万,年下降率达10.5%.不明部位子宫癌的标化发病率亦呈下降趋势(P＜0.01).宫体癌以55～64和65～74岁组发病率上升最快,年增长率分别为2.5%和3.3%.卵巢癌各年龄组的发病率均有上升趋势,年变化率都在1.0%以上.宫颈癌发病率下降最快的年龄组是45～54和55～64岁组,25～34和35～44岁组的发病率在近几年有升高趋势.结论上述肿瘤的发病率及年龄别发病率的变化趋势提示,上海女性生活方式和环境因素的改变可能是导致这种变化的重要原因.     

Long-term follow up of children with head injuries-classified as “good recovery” using the Glasgow Outcome Scale: neurological, neuropsychological and magnetic resonance imaging results

The primary issues addressed in this study were: (1) determination of the significance of the classification “good outcome” utilizing the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) in children at least 1 year after brain injury; (2) detection of residual lesions of brain parenchyma in these children upon follow up MRI scans; and (3) detection of relationships between neuropsychological test performance and MRI results. Selection criteria included children 6–15 years of age at the time of testing who received an initial CT scan at the time of their head injury and who had been injured at least 12 months prior to the follow up test. Only children who did not demonstrate neurological disability at the time of follow up examination were selected. The children showed a status of “good outcome” as defined by the GOS. Neurological examination, neuropsychological tests and an MRI were done. The test results of 59 patients were compared to those of a matched control group. Children, after receiving head injuries, showed significantly poorer results with respect to cognitive, motor and fine motor skills. Of all MRI-scans 66% revealed pathological findings. Cortical lesions were detected on MRI in 14% of cases; subcortical injuries were detected in 12% and, deep white matter lesions in 31%. Furthermore, corpus callosum damage was observed in 26% of cases. Pathological MRI findings were also observed in children with mild head injuries. All of the children with normal MRI findings showed abilities comparable to those of children in the control group. Patients with cortical lesions exhibited only motor deficits, whereas motor and cognitive deficits were seen in patients with deep white matter lesions. Children with multiple lesions demonstrated test results in all variables 1 to 2 standard deviations below those of the control group. Conclusions Children suffering a brain injury who 1 year later are classified within the “good outcome” group according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale often have significant morphological and functional brain deficits. Received: 6 January 1996 /  Accepted: 10 August 1996     

Is there really a decrease in sperm parameters among healthy young men? A survey of sperm donations during 15 years

Purpose: Our purpose was to measure changes in semen quality and quantity in young healthy sperm donors in Jerusalem over time. Methods: A retrospective analysis of semen parameters over 15 years using linear regression analysis, in a single sperm bank in a tertiary university center. Study population consisted of 188 young, healthy medical students, aged 20 to 30 years, who donated sperm samples for Artificial insemination between 1980 and 1995. Results: There were no statistically significant changes in semen concentration and motility during the study period. The mean semen volume increased by 0.1 ml (5.1%) per year (P < 0.0001), with a concomitant mean rise of 5.8 × 10⁶ (7.7%) per year in total motile sperm count. The percentage normal morphology decreased by a mean of 1.04% per year during the entire period (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: During the past 15 years, there has been an increase in total motile sperm count, secondary to an increase in semen volume, and a decline in normal morphology that are independent of the age and the duration of abstinence in fertile men.     

调心方活性部位对大鼠海马脑片CA1区诱发LTP的影响

目的：研究调心方活性部位A对大鼠海马脑片诱发长时程增强(LTP)效应的影响。方法：采用细胞外微电极记录技术，记录大鼠海马脑片CA1区诱发群峰电位(PS)，然后施以100Hz，100串的强直刺激诱发LTP。结果：调心方活性部位A对大鼠海马脑片正常PS的形状、幅度无影响，提示并不影响海马的基础突触传递。给予强直刺激后，高浓度活性部位A可以明显增大LTP幅度，提示具有促进和维持LTP的作用。结论：调心方活性部位A可能是调心方促进和维持大鼠海马脑片诱发LTP的有效成分之一，对LTP的促进作用也是调心方活性部位A益智作用的机制之一。     

天津市区甲状腺癌流行状况调查

目的:描述天津市区甲状腺癌的发病状况、流行趋势并分析影响因素.方法:统计分析1981年1月～2001年12月市区全部甲状腺癌新发病例数据,描述发病情况并根据有关年份人口数,按年龄、性别、病例诊断时间计算发病率,研究各年份的发病变化状况.结果:天津市区甲状腺癌21年新发病例共1 318例,病理类型构成以乳头状癌最为常见.男性中位发病年龄为55岁,女性为49岁,女性明显早于男性.甲状腺癌男性平均发病率为0.938/10万,女性为2.615/10万,女性高于男性.21年来甲状腺癌的发病率呈逐年上升趋势,女性的发病增长幅度高于男性.结论:甲状腺癌的发病率增长较快,提示今后需加强病因学研究和肿瘤相关健康教育并对高危人群进行重点监测和早期防治.     

山东省实施儿童风疹疫苗免疫后风疹发病年龄变化趋势的分析

目的分析山东省自1995年开始实施儿童风疹疫苗免疫后风疹发病年龄的变化趋势。方法对1999—2004年通过麻疹疫情专报系统得到的风疹疫情资料以及风疹疫苗接种情况进行分析。结果1999—2004年山东省风疹年平均报告发病率为0．59／10万，多为暴发（占总病例数的81．17％）；发病主要集中在7～15岁学龄儿童（77．77％），7岁以下发病较少（占7．93％），发病年龄中位数分别为10．37岁、11．66岁、11．41岁、12．81岁、14．28岁和13．96岁，发病高峰年龄逐年后移，成人发病有所增加；学龄前儿童风疹疫苗基础免疫估算接种率约为60％，学龄儿童约为20％。结论风疹发病年龄后移，将威胁育龄期妇女，增加发生先天性风疹综合征的危险性；应在继续做好儿童风疹免疫的同时，积极开展育龄期妇女风疹抗体筛查及疫苗接种工作。