Quantitative autoradiography of 5-HT1D and 5-HT1E binding sites labelled by [H]5-HT, in frontal cortex and the hippocampal region of the human brain

In human cortex and hippocampus area, [³H]5-HT (5 nM) labels 5-HT_1A, 5-HT_1D and 5-HT_1E sites. After masking 5-HT_1A receptors by 0.1 μM 8-OH-DPAT, the binding displaced by 0.1 μM 5-CT presumably represented 5-HT_1D sites and the remaining binding 5-HT_1E sites. In frontal cortex, 5-HT_1A receptors represented the main binding in layers II and VI and a lower fraction on other layers. 5-HT_1D and 5-HT_1E sites, were more homogeneously distributed in layers II to VI (21–34% of specific [³H]5-HT binding). 5-HT_1E sites were of similar affinities (K_D close to 6–8 nM) in the cortical layers II to VI. In CA1 field of hippocampus, (pyramidal layer, stratum radiatum, molecular layer), CA2 and dentate gyrus, 5-HT_1A receptors represented the major fraction, 5-HT_1D sites a significant fraction and 5-HT_1E a minor fraction of the specific [³H]5-HT binding. In CA3–CA4 fields, 5-HT_1A receptors were less densely present, 5-HT_1D sites were predominant and 5-HT_1E sites represented a significant fraction (27%). The highest densities of 5-HT_1E sites have been measured in subiculum, where 5-HT_1A, 5-HT_1D, and 5-HT_1E binding sites were equally represented and in entorhinal cortex where 5-HT_1E sites represented the major binding in layer III. They were also present in layers II and IV (29 and 24%) and, to a lesser extent, in layers V and VI. 5-HT_1A sites were predominant in layer VI, II and V and were less abundant in other layers. 5-HT_1D were homogeneously present in layers II, III, IV and were present in low amounts in other layers. No 5-HT_1E were detected in choroid plexus, where [³H]5-HT was dramatically reduced by mesulergine (5-HT_2C receptors). No significant displacement of [³H]5-HT by mesulergine was measured in other structures.     

维生素E对小鼠胸腺和脾脏T淋巴细胞转化及MΦ诱导IL－1的影响

ＶＥ缺乏组、１／３需要量组、需要量组、３倍需要量组、２０倍需要量组的初断奶小鼠喂养８周后观察Ｔ淋巴细胞转化及Ｍ中诱导ＩＬ－１反应。结果表明，ＶＥ增强半合适、合适剂量ＣｏｎＡ诱导的胸腺、脾脏Ｔ淋巴细胞转化，且半合适剂量诱导的反应高于合适剂量，ＶＥ增强合适剂量ＰＨＡ诱导的脾Ｔ细胞反应，但不影响其诱导胸腺Ｔ细胞反应。ＶＥ还提高ＭΦ诱导ＩＬ－１生成。上述实验以缺乏组反应最弱，３倍量组反应最强，而２０倍量组反有下降趋势。     

溃疡病的病机及临床治疗探讨

本文通过对364例溃疡病患者的住院系统治疗观察,认为溃疡病的主要病机是脾虚。活动期与肝郁及胃热有关;迁延难愈多因胃络瘀阻;胃酸增高为本病的普遍现象。故本病治疗应以健脾胃,佐以疏肝活血、清热、制酸之法。方药如用四君子汤加黄芪、白芍、郁金、三棱、蒲公英、乌贼骨等为基础方加减;对有胆汁返流者,则应配以疏肝清胆,降逆通腑之品。临床近期治愈率可达82.4％。     

Nerve biopsy findings in Niemann-Pick type II (NPC)

The severe infantile form of Niemann-Pick disease type II was diagnosed in a 4-year-old girl and confirmed by demonstrating in cultured skin fibroblasts a deficiency of low-density lipoprotein-stimulated cholesterol ester synthesis of < 5% of normal. Electrodiagnostic studies revealed changes of a predominantly demyelinating motor and sensory polyneuropathy. Light microscope and ultrastructural examination of a peroneal nerve biopsy showed unique changes. Compacted myelin sheaths were disproportionately thin with marked globular irregularities in single teased nerve fibres and evidence of chronic demyelination. The majority of axons were preserved but axonal spheroids and cytoskeletal abnormalities akin to neuroaxonal dystrophy were noted. Membrane-bound multilobulated lysosomal inclusions of floccular and electron-dense material were present in Schwann cells (SC), endoneurial fibroblasts, macrophages, pericytes and endothelial cells. SC of myelinated fibres were stuffed with whorls of concentric osmiophilic membranous profiles and electron-lucent material. The findings are diagnostic and differ from those of classical Niemann-Pick disease.     

国产人α＿1型基因工程干扰素治疗慢性肝炎Ⅲ期临床试验

３９例慢性肝炎患者，其中乙型肝炎１２例，丙型肝炎２７例，接受人α＿１型基因工程干扰素治疗（ｒＨＩＦＮα＿１）。１０例丙型肝炎病人ｒＨＩＦＮα＿１每日肌注１×１０￣６Ｕ，连用９０天，１７例丙型肝炎病人和乙型肝炎ｒＨＩＦＮα＿１每日肌注３×１０￣６Ｕ，连用９０天。治疗后乙型肝炎组ＨＢｅＡｇ和ＨＢＶＤＮＡ的阴转率均为４１．６７％；丙型肝炎用１×１０￣６Ｕ／ｄ和３×１０￣６Ｕ／ｄ组ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阴转率分别为５０％和６４．７％，两个剂量组阴转率比较差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５），治疗期间不良反应发生率较低，远期疗效尚待观察。     

α-Bungarotoxin blocks the nicotinic receptor mediated increase in cell number in a neuroendocrine cell line

Exposure of H69 small cell lung carcinoma cells to nicotinic agonists resulted in a significant increase (up to 100%) in cell number after 6 to 12 days. The effect of nicotine (10⁻⁸ M to 10⁻⁴ M) was both dose and time dependent as was that of another nicotinic agonist cytisine (10⁻⁶ M to 10⁻⁴ M). Interstingly, both the nicotine and cytisine induced increases in H69 cell number were blocked by α-bungarotoxin, as well as d-tubocurarine a nicotinic blocker which appears to interact with most nicotinic receptors. These results suggest that the nicotine induced increase in cell number is mediated through an interaction at the nicotinic α-bungarotoxin receptor. This idea is further supported by experiments which show (1) that H69 cells possess high affinity α-bungarotoxin sites (K_d = 25 nM, B_max = 10.4 fmol/10⁶ cells) with the characteristics of a nicotinic α-bungarotoxin receptor and (2) that the potencies of nicotinic receptor ligands in the α-bungarotoxin binding assay were similar to those observed in the functional studies. Northern analysis showed that mRNA for α7, a putative nicotinic α-bungarotoxin binding subunit, and for α5 were present in H69 cells. The present data provide further evidence that nicotine increases cell number in small cell lung carcinoma and are the first to show that this effect is mediated through an interaction at the nicotinic α-bungarotoxin receptor population. These results suggest that the α-bungarotoxin site may be involved in modulating proliferative responses in neuroendocrine derived SCLC cells.     

A Ro/SS-A auto-antibody positive mother's infant revealed congenital complete atrioventricular block,followed by insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and multiple organ failure

We experienced a congenital complete atrioventricular block infant who was born from a Ro/SS-A antibody positive mother. Ro/SS-A antibody was also found in this baby which was presumed to be mediated by the maternal placenta. Temporary cardiac pacing was required at birth and pacemaker implantation was performed at 9 months. At 11 months of age, the baby fell into shock and experienced multiple organ failure because of diabetes mellitus-induced coma. The association between congenital complete heart block and the Ro/SS-A antibody is well known. However, the accompaniment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus has not been reported previously. As the Ro/SS-A antigen appears in the cytoplasm of many tissues, the possibility of an association between Ro/SS-A antibody and diabetes mellitus is difficult to deny. We report this rare case to draw attention to the possibility that babies who are born from an Ro/SS-A antibody positive mother may develop diabetes mellitus as well as congenital complete heart block.     

小儿与成人喉内肌肌纤维型的差异与喉功能的关系

通过对１０例小儿及２３例成年人的喉内肌进行的ｍｙｏｓｉｎ－ＡＴＰａｓｅ等染色观察，得到小儿和成人各喉内肌不同的肌纤维构成比。成人ＰＣＡⅠ型纤维最多，ＬＣＡ、ＩＮＡ及ＣＴ次之，ＴＡ最少。小儿的各喉内肌也有类似比例。表明不论小儿或成人，ＰＣＡ均具有较强的抗疲劳性，适应呼吸作用的需要；ＴＡ具有较快的收缩速度，以适应发声及呼吸道保护作用。从纤维构成上看，小儿与成人相比，各喉内肌Ⅰ型纤维较为匮乏，表明小儿的喉在发声及呼吸道保护等功能方面尚不够完善。     

红细胞同工酶ADA－EAP一AK_1同步电泳分型方法的建立

综合、改良了分别分型的方法，建立了红细胞同工酶ＡＤＡ一ＥＡＰ一ＡＫ１同步电泳分型方法，为ＡＤＡ，ＥＡＰ和ＡＫ１３种红细胞同工酶在法医学鉴定中更广泛的应用，提供了一种可靠、经济、实用的方法。     

Occupational irritant contact dermatitis and fungal infection in construction workers

We have examined 6 construction workers who developed chronic skin diseases on their hands over a period of 15 years (1970–1985). 4 developed a Trichophyton rubrum infection, and the other 2 an irritant contact dermatitis. All of them carried out jobs which caused traumatization of the skin, due to the presence of ethylene glycol and mineral oils during operation of pneumatic hammers in winter. They also suffered other types of skin trauma during their work. Construction workers may be at risk of developing an occupational skin disease involving fungal infection.