The Development of a Predictive Method for the Estimation of Flux Through Polydimethylsiloxane Membranes. IV. Application to a Series of Substituted Quinolines

The steady-state flux of 33 substituted quinoline derivatives was determined in polydimethylsiloxane membranes using isopropyl alcohol as the receiver solvent. These diffusants constituted a diverse group of compounds possessing a wide range of hydrophobic, steric, and electronic characteristics. Various parameters representing these physicochemical properties such as cyclohexane–water fragmental constants, molar refractivity, Hammett's constants, intramolecular hydrogen bonding ability, melting point, and mole fraction solubility were employed to develop empirical models capable of relating the rate of diffusion to these characteristics of either the substituent on the quinoline ring or the compound itself.     

人体胆结石高能震波碎石的动物实验

目的　研究人体 3种胆结石在一定能量下 ,冲击次数和能量的关系 ,确定不损伤胆囊和小肠内膜的能量安全阈值 .方法　犬胆囊和小肠内放入固醇石、混合石和色素石 ,在不同的输出电压下 ,放电碎石 .结果　固醇石、混合石和色素石破碎所需的能量不同 ,在同样电压下 ,固醇石所需的次数最少 ,混合石次之 ,色素石最多 ;病理检查表明 ,在电压 <15 k V时 ,胆囊和小肠粘膜处 ,细胞膜轻度充血 ,出现小出血点 .当电压 >15 k V后 ,粘膜有脱落 ,膜下组织水肿 .结论　电压具有依赖性 ;该仪器临床应用的冲击电压应小于 15 k V     

缓激肽对缺血-再灌注兔心肌能量代谢的延迟性作用

目的　通过在体兔心肌缺血再灌注模型探讨缓激肽(BK)对缺血再灌注心肌能量代谢的延迟性影响 .方法　 36只健康新西兰兔 ,随机分为 3组 . 组 (对照组 ) :建立动物模型后关胸 ,2 4h后心肌缺血 40 m in,再灌注 6 0 m in. 组 (BK组 ) :建立动物模型后给予 BK左室内灌注 5 0 μg· (kg·min) - 1 ,共 10 m in,其余同 组 . 组 (HOE140组 )第 1日建立模型后输注 BK时给予 BK B2 受体拮抗剂 HOE140 iv10μg· kg- 1 ,其余同 组 .分别测定各组缺血 2 0 min,40 m in及再灌注后心肌 ATP、磷酸肌酸、糖原及乳酸含量 .结果　 BK组在缺血 2 0 min时 ATP、磷酸肌酸、糖原含量明显高于对照组 ,乳酸含量低于对照组 ;缺血 40 m in BK组 ATP、磷酸肌酸、糖原及乳酸与对照组相比无明显差异 ;再灌注后 ATP、磷酸肌酸、糖原含量再次明显高于对照组 ,乳酸含量与对照组相比则明显降低 .而 HOE140组各项指标同对照组相比无明显差异 .结论　 BK能够延迟性改善兔心肌缺血再灌注的能量代谢     

清洁级动物实验设施节能措施研究

维持清洁级以上的实验动物设施,需要耗费大量的能源。我们在设计、建造清洁级动物实验设施时,充分比较了所用能源的种类,并采取了能量回收措施。结果表明,该清洁级动物实验设施的各项环境检测指标均达到或高于国家标准,同时,夏、冬季节节能明显。     

彩色多普勒能量图对不孕症妇女子宫动脉血流变化的观察

利用彩色多普勒能量图测定子宫的血流 ,即血流的脉冲指数 (pulsative index,PI)及阻力指数 (resistantindex,RI)来探索不同原因的女性不孕症。 6 7例不孕症妇女经腹腔镜诊断确诊不孕原因后 ,于月经周期第 2 0～ 2 3d作腹部 B超彩色多普勒能量图 (CDE)检查。其结果两侧子宫动脉 PI、RI可因各种不孕原因不分侧别平均 PI、RI均高于正常组 (P<0 .0 1) ,而且不受病情轻、中、重所影响。反映了子宫周围血管阻力较高所致子宫动脉血流灌注不足是引起不孕症的基础 ,可能也干扰孕卵着床而致不孕。     

电化法研究壳聚糖树脂与游离酸的相互作用

利用电化学实验技术跟踪交联壳聚糖树脂吸附低浓度游离酸的行为,讨论了不同盐酸浓度和不同甲醇浓度两种因素对吸附的影响,并利用固液相互作用方程,求取吸附剂－吸附质相互作用能。实验结果表明,交联壳聚糖树脂吸附低浓度游离酸的过程是遵循单分子 机制进行的。     

论肾虚是衰老的根本原因

衰老既是一种病理变化,又是一种不可避免的生理过程。其中,肾中精气是决定人的生、长、壮、老、死生命活动的主要条件,主宰着人的寿命和生命质量。老年的病特点是多脏虚损,而肾衰是致病之本。因此补肾精、益肾气是祛病延年的基本法则。     

Metabolic Implications of Obesity,Weight Loss and Energy Expenditure following Gastric Restrictive Surgery

This review examines the energetics and metabolic parameters which influence the effectiveness of gastric restrictive surgery in achieving weight loss in the clinically severely obese patient. Among the subjects discussed are the metabolic determinents and consequences of obesity, energy expenditure and its components, factors other than dietary restriction and weight loss which affect energy expenditure, and the metabolic risk factors for weight gain. The role of exercise is reviewed, including the effects of exercise on energy balance and the thermic effect of food. The value of combining exercise with diet restriction, the effect of caloric restriction on the capacity to exercise and the place of exercise in the obese diabetic are examined. Finally, the metabolic consequences of gastric restrictive surgery, the adaptive response to surgically induced weight loss and nutritional recommendations following gastric restrictive surgery are reviewed.