幼兔缺血预处理在心肌保护第二窗期对未成熟心肌Bcl-2基因mRNA表达的影响

目的　观察幼兔心脏缺血预处理 2 4h对未成熟心肌缺血 /再灌注后Bcl -2mRNA表达的影响 ,探讨未成熟心肌保护第二窗形成的作用机理。方法　 18只 3～ 4周龄幼兔 ,随机分为 3组 ,每组 6只 :Ⅰ组 ,正常对照组 ;Ⅱ组 ,缺血 /再灌注损伤组 ;Ⅲ组 ,缺血预处理组。建立活体心脏缺血 /再灌注损伤模型 ,Maclab/8s系统监测左心室发展压 (LVDP)、左室压上升及下降最大速率 (+dp/dtmax,-dp/dtmax)变化 ,原位免疫杂交 (ISH)方法检测心肌细胞内Bcl-2mRNA的表达。结果　缺血再灌注前 ,各组间LVDP、±dp/dtmax无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5) ;再灌注 1h后 ,Ⅱ组的LVDP、+dp/dtmax和 -dp/dtmax恢复率分别为 (42 .81± 12 .56) %、(3 0 .67± 16.2 2 ) %和 (2 9.49± 10 .13 ) % ;Ⅲ组LVDP、+dp/dtmax及 -dp/dtmax恢复率分别为 (84.15± 13 .56) %、(69.49± 10 .3 6) %和 (58.3 7± 12 .45) % ,两组间有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组Bcl -2mRNA表达阳性细胞面积百分数分别为 (8.3± 2 .5) %、(76.3±13 .5) % ,两组间有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　缺血预处理可上调Bcl -2mRNA表达 ,参与未成熟心肌保护第二窗的形成 ,促进未成熟心肌缺血 /再灌注后心室功能恢复     

Feasibility of establishing cerebral ischemia models by using aerocyst-blocking bilateral ascending pharyngeal artery of piglets Imaging assessment

BACKGROUND: The cerebral ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion animal models are used to simulate the human cerebrovascular diseases is one of the popular topics of neurological science recently. To study the pathophysiology, pathogenesis, prophylaxis and treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases and to establish the ideal animal model that is the most similar to the human cerebral ischemia, are the topics that the people generally cared about. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of aerocyst-blocking bilateral ascending pharyngeal artery on the establishment of cerebral ischemia models by using digital subtraction angiography (DSA), magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and magnetic resonance perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI). DESIGN: Repetitive measure animal experiment. SETTING: Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University. MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Animal Laboratory (Provincial Laboratory), Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian Univeristy from January to May 2006. A total of 14 domestic piglets, of 6 months old, weighing 12–15 kg, of either gender, were selected from Animal Experimental Center, Dalian University. Multistar T.O.P digital subtraction angiography machine was provided by Siemens Company, German. METHODS: Aerocyst-blocking bilateral ascending pharyngeal artery was used to establish cerebral ischemia models. And then, Multistar T.O.P. DSA was used for imaging of cerebral vessels before blocking, during blocking and at 0.5 and 2 hours after ischemia perfusion. GE Signa 1.5 T supraconduction magnetic resonance imaging was used for DWI examination; in addition, PWI was used based on focal sites and areas. Otherwise, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to detect signal changes of T1WI and T2WI in ischemic areas. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Analytic results of DSA, DWI, PWI and MRI. RESULTS: All 14 experimental piglets were involved in the final analysis. ① DSA: The blood flow of bilateral ascending pharyngeal arteries and its branch were blocked at blocking phase, which restored 0.5 and 2 hours after reperfusion. ② DWI and PWI: There were no observable abnormalities in PWI and DWI at pre-blocking. Abnormal increased signals were found on both DWI and PWI at during and post-blocking. There were reduction in ADC and rCBF and delay in rTTP at all time points except pre-blocking. ③ MRI: There were no abnormal signals observable at any time of pre- and post-blocking in T1WI and T2WI. CONCLUSION: It is feasible to establish this kind of animal experimental models, and it can simulate the ischemic state; meanwhile, the existence and extent can be showed directly by DSA, DWI, and PWI.     

血管内皮型一氧化氮合酶基因Glu298 Asp多态性与老年脑梗死的相关性研究

目的　通过病例对照研究 ,了解中国老年人群血管内皮型一氧化氮合酶 (eNOS)基因目的　通过病例对照研究 ,了解中国老年人群血管内皮型一氧化氮合酶 (eNOS)基因Glu2 98Asp多态性的分布 ,分别探讨其与老年脑梗死及血脂以及一氧化氮等脑梗死危险因素的关系。 方法对门诊及住院中确诊的 4 0例老年脑梗死和 16 9例性别、年龄相匹配的老人 ,测量他们的身高、体重及座位血压 ,并测定他们的空腹血脂、空腹血糖 (FBS)及一氧化氮 (NO)等 ,应用聚合酶链反应 (PCR)和限制性片断长度多态性 (RFLP)检测eNOS基因Glu2 98Asp多态性。结果　脑梗死和对照组eNOS基因Glu2 98Asp多态性构成有显著性差异 (χ2 =4 31,P =0 0 38) ,脑梗死组Glu/Asp基因型高于对照组(32 5 %vs 17 8% ) ;脑梗死组 2 98Asp等位基因频率高于对照组 (16 2 5 %vs 8 9% ) ,但是两组等位基因频率的分布比较 ,没有显著性差异 (χ2 =3 81,P =0 0 5 1)。结论　eNOS基因Glu2 98Asp多态性在中国老年人群中存在 ,并且基因...     

益气复智颗粒对多发脑梗死性痴呆模型大鼠脑组织细胞凋亡的影响

目的 观察益气复智颗粒对多发脑梗死性痴呆模型大鼠脑皮质形态学、细胞凋亡的影响。方法 采用颈内动脉注射血栓的方法，复制多发梗死性痴呆大鼠模型，观察益气复智颗粒12．42g/kg分别于手术前、手术前后、手术后灌胃对实验动物脑皮质形态学、细胞凋亡的影响。结果 益气复智颗粒能使脑缺血后脑内神经细胞凋亡数目下降。结论 益气复智颗粒具有较好的保护脑神经元，阻断脑缺血致神经细胞死亡病理过程的作用。     

益气活血方对气虚血瘀证脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠Fas、FasL蛋白表达的影响

目的：探讨益气活血方对气虚血瘀证局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠Fas、FasL蛋白表达的影响。方法：采用气虚血瘀证局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠模型，用线栓法阻塞大鼠大脑中动脉复制局部脑缺血再灌注模型，缺血2h后再灌注l，3，7d。用免疫组化染色法分别检测缺血皮质Fas、FasL蛋白表达。结果：与模型组比较。益气活血方组Fas、FasL蛋白表达显降低。结论：益气活血方可能通过抑制Fas、FasL蛋白表达，减轻气虚血瘀证局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤。     

胃饲乙醇预处理诱导肝脏缺血耐受性的可行性探讨

目的探讨胃饲乙醇预处理对肝脏缺血再灌流损伤的影响,并初步评价其预处理的可行性。方法40%乙醇胃饲Wistar大鼠。分组:①大鼠36只,随机分6组:A组8g/kg、B组7g/kg、C组6g/kg、D组5g/kg、E组4g/kg、正常组0g/kg;以中毒症状及肝组织病理为指标,判定大鼠乙醇急性中毒剂量。②大鼠78只,随机分为4组:正常对照组(N)、单纯乙醇组(E)、单纯缺血组(ISCH)、胃饲乙醇预处理组(EPC);采用尾叶转流下的肝缺血模型,于再灌流3、6、12、24h留取标本。结果急性胃饲乙醇≤5g/kg预处理后,动物中毒症状轻,无死亡;乙醇预处理可以在一定程度上减轻肝脏90min的缺血再灌流损伤。结论适当剂量的乙醇胃饲预处理是一种安全的预处理措施,有望成为增强肝脏对缺血再灌流损伤耐受性的一种较好的预处理方式。     

急性脑梗死选择性动脉溶栓治疗与护理

综述了急性脑梗死选择性动脉溶栓治疗与护理,详细介绍了脑梗死的发病机理、溶栓时机、适应证、介入治疗方法及护理.     

YL-1型颅内血肿粉碎仪对高血压脑出血的微创治疗

目的探讨微创治疗高血压脑出血的临床效果。方法根据CT定位，使用YL-1型颅内血肿粉碎仪对颅内血肿碎吸引流。结果治疗36例，存活出院34例，死亡2例。结论微创治疗高血压脑出血，操作简便、安全，疗效好，费用低，是对高血压脑出血治疗的有效的治疗方法。     

钠钙交换器抑制药在心律失常治疗中的应用

心肌钠钙交换在调节心肌细胞内外钠、钙平衡中发挥重要作用。钠钙交换分为前向型和逆向型2种。在心力衰竭、心肌缺血、心肌再灌注等病理情况下,通过钠钙交换器的离子交换可产生致心律失常性的一过性内向电子流,引起延迟后除极和非折返激动型的室性心动过速。钠钙交换器抑制药在预防这些病理情况下的心律失常具有潜在的作用。