N—甲基小檗胺扩血管作用原理的研究

N—甲基小檗胺可非竞争性抑制氯化钾、氯化钙、去甲肾上腺素引起的家兔胸主动脉条收缩。其拮抗参数pD_(2’)分别为3.44、3.67和3.73。对去甲肾上腺素引起的外钙性收缩有抑制作用,对内钙性收缩无影响,说明其作用原理与拮抗钙离子内流有关。     

Statistical framework for ultrasonic spectral parameter imaging

This study examines the statistics of ultrasonic spectral parameter images that are being used to evaluate tissue microstructure in several organs. The parameters are derived from sliding-window spectrum analysis of radiofrequency echo signals. Calibrated spectra are expressed in dB and analyzed with linear regression procedures to compute spectral slope, intercept and midband fit, which is directly related to integrated backscatter. Local values of each parameter are quantitatively depicted in gray-scale cross-sectional images to determine tissue type, response to therapy and physical scatterer properties. In this report, we treat the statistics of each type of parameter image for statistically homogeneous scatterers. Probability density functions are derived for each parameter, and theoretical results are compared with corresponding histograms clinically measured in homogeneous tissue segments in the liver and prostate. Excellent agreement was found between theoretical density functions and data histograms for homogeneous tissue segments. Departures from theory are observed in heterogeneous tissue segments. The results demonstrate how the statistics of each spectral parameter and integrated backscatter are related to system and analysis parameters. These results are now being used to guide the design of system and analysis parameters, to improve assays of tissue heterogeneity and to evaluate the precision of estimating features associated with effective scatterer sizes and concentrations.     

Vergleich der DNS-Analyse mit histomorphologischen parametern beim Magenkarzinom

Summary After curative resection of stomach carcinomas (adenocarcinomas: n=58, signet ring cell carcinomas: n = 24, undifferentiated carcinomas: n = 21) the DNA content of the tumor cells was compared with the histomorphological parameters. There was a correlation between the DNA content and the histomorphological parameters. The DNA analysis had no additionally prognostic influence. In the multivariate regression analysis the prognosis depended on lymph node status (p=0.0009), pT-stage (p = 0.02), tumor localization (p = 0.03) and the histological type (p=0.05). The prognosis was independent of the DNA content. Furthermore, neither did the degree of differentiation, the operative procedure, the safety distance, the size of the tumor, the sex nor the age of the patient have any influence on the prognosis.

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Vergleich der DNS-Analyse mit histomorphologischen parametern beim Magenkarzinom

Zusammenfassung Am Tumormaterial von 103 Patienten nach kurativer Resektion wegen eines Magenkarzinoms wurde ein Vergleich des DNS-Gehaltes der Tumorzellen mit den histomorphologischen Parametern vorgenommen. Es zeigte sich, daß der DNS-Gehalt mit den histomorphologischen Parametern korreliert, ohne jedoch eine weitere prognostische Aussage zu ermöglichen. In der multivariaten Regressionsanalyse zur Beurteilung der prognostisch unabhängigen Variablen war demzufolge die rezidivfreie Überlebenszeit allein von der Infiltrationstiefe des Tumors und dem Lymphknotenstatus abhängig. Keinen Einfluß auf die rezidivfreie Überlebenszeit hatten der histologische Tumortyp, die Tumorlokalisation, das Operationsverfahren und der DNS-Gehalt.

     

26种药物的四苯硼盐体系的电位滴定曲线

以自制的涂碳空白PVC膜电极为指示电极、四苯硼钠标准溶液为滴定剂,测试了26种药物的电位滴定曲线,进行了回收率和方法对比实验,获良好结果。本文还用三参数法处理了所有的电位滴定曲线,评价了不同滴定体系的灵敏度及其优劣次序。     

Identifiable pharmacokinetic models: The role of extra inputs and measurements

Single input, single output experiments can result in nonunique solutions for the rate constants of a linear compartmental model used to describe the pharmacokinetics. Where a finite number of solutions exists, a priori knowledge has to be used to distinguish between the solutions. Where there is an infinite number of solutions, assumptions have to be made about the values of some rate constants in order to obtain a unique solution for the others. This paper considers such experiments and determines whether either the addition of an extra input (simultaneously with the first input) or the taking of an extra measurement would result in a unique solution. It is found that perturbing a second input can be useful, but only if the perturbation is of different shape from the first input. Measurements of drug in urine and metabolite in plasma are generally not helpful in resolving identifiability of the drug dynamic model. If a radioactive tracer is used, though, the second measurement (for example, by externally scanning the radioactivity of the liver) can prove useful, but only if the gain of the measuring device is known.The work described in this paper was supported by Grant No. GR/A 14827 from the U.K. Science Research Council.     

血细胞压积对人体全血触变特性的影响

采用改良型Weissenberg 流变性测定仪,研究血细胞压积(HCT)对全血触变参数的影响,结果表明下列参数,即屈服应力、粘度的牛顿分量、粘度的非牛顿分量、表观粘度和结构参数平衡值随着血细胞压积的增加而作指数样增高,并得出经验公式表示这些参数与血细胞压积之间的关系。而另两个触变参数,即叠连解体成单个红细胞的动力速率常数和解体反应的阶数,与血细胞压和无依赖关系,这些结果与反应动力学理论是一致的。     

氨茶碱在健康人体内药动学研究

本实验用双波长紫外分光光度法测定20名健康人服用氨茶碱后的血浆浓度并计算其药动学参数．结果显示，服用氨条碱0．3g后4h时血浆浓度超过10mg／L者4人，其余均在5～10mg／L之间，而8h时有3人的氨茶碱血浆浓度低于3．5mg／L。20名受试者的血浆半衰期波动范围在1．88～10．94h之间，其中5人在6～9h之间，而12人的半衰期低于6h．说明服用同等量的氨茶碱后个体血浆浓度及半衰期差异甚大。因此在应用氨茶碱时应常规测定血浆浓度，以调整用量达到个体化治疗。     

昆明地区健康新生儿红细胞参数的研究

对昆明地区７天内健康新生儿脐血及末梢血的红细胞参数进行检则，探讨了影响测值的有关因素．     

液晶彩色显示用正性黄、红色蔥醌型二色性染料的研究

合成了1,5-二羟基-2-对烷氧基苯基蒽醌和1,5-二羟基-3-对烷氧基苯基蒽醌型黄色正性的二色性染料8个。1-氨基4-羟基-2-苯硫基蒽醌及1-氨基-4-羟基-2-苄氧基蒽醌红色正性的二色性染料2个。测定了染料分子在液晶中的有序参数,用CAMTC-ppp程序,计算了染料的跃迁能及染料分子的基态和激发态的偶极矩,发现染料分子在液晶中有序参数与染料分子基态和激发态偶极矩之间夹角θ有密切的关系。     

胶质对渣油催化预处理过程的影响

以添加不同胶质量的胜利减二线油为试验油品,采用长岭炼油厂提供的热载体,在固定流化床反应装置上对文题进行了考察,并用色谱、核磁共振和顺磁共振等方法测试了胶质的性质及反应前后试油性质的变化。实验结果表明,试验用胜利减渣的胶质平均分子式为C_(102)H_(147)S_(0.63)N_(1.68)的大分子化合物,由基本结构相类似的重复单元构成,为带有烷基侧链及环烷环的环数不等的缩合芳香环。胶质分子彼此互连,形成呈胶体状态的分散胶束。试油在渣油催化预处理过程中主要进行热裂化反应。由于胶质的胶束被破坏,发生解聚作用,裂解与缩合作用加剧。所以,随着油品胶质含量的增加,气体、焦炭的产率增加,液收率下降。同时,杂质脱除率(脱镍、脱残炭、脱硫和脱氮)也上升。胶质的引入有利于自由基的生成,加速了热裂化反应。