三芪丹颗粒治疗2型糖尿病合并高血压病的临床观察

目的 评价益气养阴、活血化瘀法对2型糖尿病（T2DM）合并高血压病患者胰岛素抵抗的影响。     

Light bodies in human pituitary adenomas

Summary Light bodies are large cytoplasmic granules originally described in the gonadotrophic cells of the rat pituitary gland. In order to determine whether similar bodies occur in the human anterior pituitary gland, 89 pituitary adenomas and periadenomatous tissue from 20 cases were examined by transmission electron microscopy. Double membrane bound bodies with filamentous internal structure identical to rodent light bodies were identified in 10 hormone-producing adenomas: 5 PRL, 1 PRL-GH, 2 GH, and 2 ACTH-producing tumours. No light bodies were found in the remaining 79 tumours nor in the pituitary cells in periadenomatous tissue from 20 cases. These results show that some human pituitary adenomas may contain light bodies identical to those seen in gonadotrophs of rat pituitary.Abbreviations PRL prolactin - GH growth hormone - ACTH adenocorticotropic hormone - FSH follicle-stimulating hormone - LH luteinizing hormone     

Control of fluid shear response in circulating leukocytes by integrins

Recent evidence shows that circulating leukocytes respond not only to humoral inflammatory mediators but also to fluid stresses. Application of fluid shear stress (of the order of 1–10 cm² to fresh migrating leukocytes leads to initial retraction of pseudopods, an important step to facilitate normal passage of leukocytes through the microcirculation and to prevent spreading on the endothelium. The ability to respond to fluid shear stress, however, may be regulated under different physiological conditions. In the current study, we examine the role of integrins in the fluid shear response as measured by pseudopod retraction with the use of antibodies against human neutrophil ₁ and ₂ integrins. Neutrophils adhering via ₂ integrins exhibit normal ability to project pseudopods and to migrate. Such cells show normal response to fluid shear with rapid pseudopod retraction. In contrast, attachment via ₁ integrins leads to firmly adhesive leukocytes, spreading and almost no cell migration. Such leukocytes exhibit a significantly attenuated ability for pseudopod retraction under fluid shear. These results suggest that integrins may serve as a regulating mechanism for fluid shear response in human leukocytes. Attachment via ₁ integrins may lead to an abolishment of the fluid shear response. © 2002 Biomedical Engineering Society. PAC2002: 8716-b, 8719Tt     

清咳平喘颗粒治疗痰热郁肺型咳嗽的临床疗效观察

目的 观察清咳平喘颗粒治疗痰热郁肺型咳嗽的临床有效性。方法 选取2020年1月—2021年6月上海中医药大学附属龙华医院呼吸科门诊就诊的痰热郁肺型咳嗽患者100例,按随机数字表法分为对照组和治疗组各50例,对照组为西医常规治疗,治疗组在西医常规治疗基础上联合清咳平喘颗粒治疗。两组均连续治疗2周。观察两组患者治疗前后的中医证候、咳嗽症状、气道反应（血清免疫球蛋白E、外周血嗜酸性粒细胞）、肺功能［最大呼气流量、第1秒用力呼气容积（forced expiratory volume for 1 second,FEV1）与用力肺活量（forced vital capacity,FVC）的比值］、生活质量及不良反应情况。结果 治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别是90%、94%,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。治疗后,两组患者中医证候评分、日间及夜间咳嗽积分较治疗前降低,且治疗组明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组血清免疫球蛋白E、外周血嗜酸性粒细胞较治疗前明显下降,且治疗组气道反应指标改善好于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组最大呼气流量、FEV1/FVC较治疗前明显上升（P<0.05）,但两组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。随访时两组患者的生活质量评分较治疗前均显著升高,治疗组评分改善优于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗期间两组均未发生不良反应。结论 清咳平喘颗粒在治疗痰热郁肺型咳嗽安全性良好,有助于改善咳嗽症状,改善肺通气,提高患者生活质量。     

杏贝止咳颗粒对豚鼠感染后咳嗽的治疗作用

目的 探讨杏贝止咳颗粒对豚鼠感染后咳嗽（post-infectious cough,PIC）的治疗作用。方法 除对照组外,将3～4周龄SPF级雄性Hartley豚鼠采用鼻滴脂多糖、烟熏、辣椒素雾化激发来构建PIC豚鼠模型。造模成功后分为模型组及杏贝止咳颗粒低、中、高剂量（0.93、1.86、3.72 g/kg）组、阿斯美（21.62 mg/kg）组和苏黄止咳胶囊（313.88 mg/kg）组,末次给药后24 h,通过辣椒素雾化诱咳测定咳嗽次数及潜伏期,采用ELISA法检测血清、肺泡灌洗液和肺组织中P物质（substance P,SP）、降钙素相关基因肽（calcitonin gene related peptide,CGRP）、神经肽A(neurokinin A,NKA)、神经肽B(neurokinin B,NKB)、神经生长因子（nerve growth factor,NGF）、前列腺素E2(prostaglandin E2,PGE2)和缓激肽（bradykinin,BK）含量,血液分析仪测定肺泡灌洗液中白细胞分类,并用苏木素-伊红（HE）染色法观察肺组织病理变化。结果 与对照组比较...     

薄层鉴别结合多成分测定方法评价苓桂术甘颗粒质量

目的:建立苓桂术甘颗粒中肉桂酸、白术内酯Ⅱ、白术内酯Ⅲ的薄层鉴别定性方法及绿原酸类成分、肉桂酸、桂皮醛含量同时测定的定量方法。方法:采用薄层色谱法鉴别制剂中的白术和桂枝;利用高效液相色谱法同时测定新绿原酸、绿原酸、隐绿原酸、桂皮醛和肉桂酸的含量。结果:目标斑点清晰、无阴性干扰,新绿原酸、绿原酸、隐绿原酸、桂皮醛和肉桂酸在线性范围内与峰面积的线性关系良好,平均回收率分别为109.46%、93.46%、97.19%、103.70%、102.41%。结论:该薄层鉴别方法专属性强,含量测定方法准确可靠、操作简便,可以有效控制苓桂术甘颗粒的质量。     

化瘀蠲痹止痛颗粒对DTH小鼠免疫调节作用的实验研究

通过检测迟发超敏反应 (DTH)小鼠耳肿胀度 ,ConA及LPS刺激的脾细胞增殖反应 ,血清IL 1、IL 2水平 ,研究了化瘀蠲痹止痛颗粒对DTH的免疫调节作用。结果表明 :化瘀蠲痹止痛颗粒能明显减轻DTH小鼠的耳肿胀度 ,抑制ConA诱导的脾细胞增殖反应 ,降低血清IL 1、IL 2的水平。提示化瘀蠲痹止痛颗粒有较好的免疫抑制作用 ,并呈剂量相关性。     

HPLC考察川芎茶调颗粒制备中川芎嗪的动态变化

目的：考察川芎嗪在川芎茶调颗粒剂制备过程中的动态变化。方法：用HPLC法考察不同的提取、浓缩及干燥方法对川芎嗪的提取率及转移率的影响。结果：用乙醇回流提取比用水煎煮提取川芎嗪的提取率高，用旋转薄膜蒸发仪浓缩比直火浓缩，成压浓缩川芎嗪的损失小，真空干燥比常压干燥川芎嗪的转移率高。结论：川芎茶调颗粒剂制备时川芎宜用乙醇提取，浓缩及干燥宜采用低温快速法。     

愈溃宁颗粒的质量标准研究

目的：建立愈溃宁颗粒(海螵蛸，延胡索，黄芪，白芍，甘草等)的质量标准。方法：采用TLC法对愈溃宁颗粒中的延胡索、甘草、黄芪进行了鉴别；用HPLC测定制剂中芍药苷含量，平均回收率为102．3％，RsD2．3％(n=5)。结果：所建方法简便、准确、专属性强。结论：本法可用于愈溃宁颗粒的质量控制。