Impaired dopamine function and muscular rigidity induced by 6-aminonicotinamide in rats

Summary In corpus striatum, 6-aminonicotinamide (6-AN), 10 mg/kg i.p., lowered the concentration of dopamine and markedly reduced the disappearance of dopamine after synthesis inhibition with -methyl-p-tyrosine. In the dopamine-rich part of the limbic system, the formation of DOPA after decarboxylase inhibition with 3-hydroxybenzylhydrazine was decreased.In diencephalon, 6-AN altered neither the steadystate level nor the utilization of noradrenaline.The data suggest that the muscular rigidity induced by 6-AN may be associated with disruption of dopaminergic transmission.     

Presynaptic dopamine receptors: Insensitivity to kainic acid and the development of supersensitivity following chronic haloperidol

Summary The effects of kainic acid lesions and chronic haloperidol treatment on rat striatal dopaminergic presynaptic receptors were studied. Following the -butyrolactone-induced inhibition of dopaminergic impulse flow, and after dopa decarboxylase inhibition, dopa accumulation and its reversal by dopamine agonists was measured in vivo.³H-apomorphine (a dopamine receptor ligand with purported presynaptic specificity) was used for in vitro binding experiments. Presynaptic dopamine receptors, as assessed by both methods, were unaffected by intrastriatal kainic acid injection 5–6 days before sacrifice. Seven days after termination of chronic haloperidol treatment (28 days, 0.5 mg/kg/day s.c.) both an increased apomorphine response using the dopa accumulation method and an increase in³H-apomorphine binding were observed, indicating the development of presynaptic dopamine receptor supersensitivity.     

妊娠期血清铁、叶酸、维生素B_(12)的调查分析

目的:观察妊娠期女性血液中铁、叶酸及维生素B12的变化情况。方法:将200名妊娠期女性分成早、中、晚期及足月妊娠四组,分别测定其血清铁、叶酸及维生素B12的水平,与对照组妇女的血清铁、叶酸及维生素B12水平进行比较。结果:自中期妊娠开始,随着妊娠月份的增加,孕妇血清铁、叶酸、维生素B12水平明显下降,晚期妊娠为最低,足月妊娠期水平略有回升。结论:妊娠期孕妇体内铁、叶酸及维生素B12的消耗增加,应适当补充。     

论温病证治之热、郁、瘀

温病之病机，多为热、郁、瘀。三者之间由热致郁、由郁致瘀，循序渐变，环环相联，极易形成热郁或热瘀；热与郁当区分无形郁热或有形郁结。治疗以清热、解郁、化瘀三法兼顾，卫气阶段主清热散郁并举；营血阶段重散热化瘀同治；治热防郁，治郁防瘀。郁与瘀当区分无形郁滞或有形郁结，治疗采取相应消散法。对于临床辨治颇具指导意义。     

氟砷联合染毒大鼠子代脏器中氟蓄积水平的研究

目的：探讨氟砷同时暴露对子代内氟蓄积水平的影响。方法：采用两代一窝繁殖实验的方法,观察Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠同时暴露于氟砷一定时期后期其子代脏器组织中氟含量的变化。结果：子代脏器中氟含量随亲代染毒剂量的增加而增加,但不同脏器氟的蓄积水平有所不同。结论：氟的蓄积是脏器发生病理变化及氟中毒特定临床表现的重要的物质基础。     

4种细胞因子对K562/S及其耐药细胞株K562/A02积蓄柔红霉素的影响

目的通过检测４种常用细胞因子对白血病细胞株Ｋ５６２／Ｓ及其多药耐药细胞株Ｋ５６２／Ａ０２积蓄柔红霉素（ＤＮＲ）能力的影响,评价细胞因子在抗白血病细胞多药耐药性方面的应用前景。方法用流式细胞仪及荧光法检测重组人α－干扰素（ＩＦＮ－α）、白细胞介素２（ＩＬ－２）、肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）、重组人粒－单集落刺激因子（ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ）对Ｋ５６２／Ｓ及Ｋ５６２／Ａ０２积蓄柔红霉素能力的影响。结果ＩＬ－２、ＴＮＦ、ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ作用后Ｋ５６２／Ｓ及Ｋ５６２／Ａ０２细胞株对柔红霉素的积蓄无改变,而ＩＦＮ－α可显著提高耐药细胞系Ｋ５６２／Ａ０２细胞内ＤＮＲ浓度,在１５０ｍｉｎ时升高了４.０１倍（Ｐ＜０.０５）。结论小剂量（５００Ｕ／ｍｌ） α－干扰素作用后,多药耐药细胞株 Ｋ５６２／Ａ０２对抗肿瘤药物ＤＮＲ的积蓄作用大大提高,提示ＩＦＮ－α具有提高耐药细胞株细胞内药物浓度、恢复其药物敏感性、逆转多药耐药性的作用。     

Differential modulation of cisplatin accumulation in leukocytes and tumor cell lines by the paclitaxel vehicle Cremophor EL

Background: Several clinical studies have shown that poly-chemotherapy with the taxanes paclitaxel or docetaxel preceded or followed by cisplatin is associated with important schedule-dependent differences in toxicities, such as leukocytopenia. In general, the pharmacokinetics of both drugs during the combined treatment are unaltered, suggesting that a pharmacodynamic interaction might have occurred.Materials and methods: In order to gain insight into this pharmacologic interaction, we performed in vitro drug accumulation studies using peripheral blood leukocytes and a panel of tumor and non-malignant cell lines with paclitaxel and docetaxel, as wel as with their respective formulation vehicles Cremophor EL and Tween 80.Results: Our results show a significant reduction in the intracellular cisplatin concentration in leukocytes of up to 42% in the presence of Cremophor EL and Tween 80 as compared to the control. This pharmacodynamic interaction of these surfactants with cisplatin seems to be specific for haematopoietic cells, and does not occur in solid tumor cells.Conclusion: The present data suggest that the pharmaceutical vehicles Cremophor EL and Tween 80 might contribute to the reduced cisplatin-associated myelotoxicity observed in the clinical combination chemotherapy studies with paclitaxel and docetaxel.     

铁补充对大鼠肝脏铁与叶酸代谢的影响

目的研究缺铁性贫血时机体内叶酸含量的变化及其与铁补充的关系。方法ＳＤ纯品系雄性断乳大鼠３２只，随机分为铁正常、铁缺乏两组。喂纯合成饲料，铁含量分别为８００μｇ与小于２０μｇ，每日两次定时喂饲。两组模型建立后再各取一半大鼠每日补充铁剂８０００μｇ，同前方式每日两次喂饲；另一半大鼠继续原方案不变，共建立铁正常补铁组、铁缺乏补铁组与铁正常、铁缺乏对照４个组；４个实验组每日饲料叶酸含量均小于１０μｇ。结果铁缺乏影响大鼠的一般生长，体重与血红蛋白含量；肝脏重量与肝内铁含量明显低于正常水平，而叶酸含量明显高于铁正常大鼠。补铁后，铁缺乏大鼠的生长、体重、血红蛋白以及肝脏重量明显改善，肝脏的铁含量迅速增加并超出正常水平。在肝脏铁增加的同时，肝脏组织的叶酸含量明显下降，直至显著低于正常。结论提示铁与叶酸同时缺乏的大鼠在补充大剂量铁剂后导致机体内叶酸含量进一步减少，而铁正常大鼠上述变化不明显。     

复方氯化血红素纠正贫血的疗效观察

[目的 ]　观察复方氯化血红素对纠正缺铁性贫血的疗效。　 [方法 ]　随机选取两组各 3 0例贫血者 ,试验组每天服用复方氯化血红素 2片 ,共 3 0d ,对照组服用安慰剂 ,测定服用前后两组血红蛋白、红细胞内原卟啉浓度、血清铁蛋白、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度 ,并进行统计学分析。　 [结果 ]　试验组试验末血红蛋白量较试验前平均上升 2 1.8g/L ,红细胞内原卟啉浓度较试验前下降 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,血清铁蛋白含量升高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度升高 (P <0 .0 5 )。　 [结论 ]　复方氯化血红素治疗缺铁性贫血是安全、有效的。     

孕妇不同时期补充锌铁对胎儿生长发育影响的研究

目的　探讨孕妇不同时期补充锌铁对胎儿生长和发育的影响。　方法　对 198名孕妇补充锌铁后测定其胎儿生长发育指标。　结果　除晚妊组外 ,初、中妊组胎儿其生长发育指标明显优于对照组 ,呈显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。　结论　补充锌铁对胎儿生长发育有着积极的意义 ;补充越早 ,效果越好