21 d-6°头低位卧床期间运动训练对动态姿态平衡的影响

目的探讨21 d-6°头低位卧床和卧床运动训练对动态姿态平衡和控制功能的影响. 方法 10名健康男性青年被试者分为卧床对照组和卧床训练组,每组5人,卧床期间训练组每天进行2次、每次30 min逐级增加负荷的头低位功率自行车训练;分别于卧床前和卧床后21 d进行了动态姿态平衡和双膝等速肌力的测试. 结果与卧床前相比,对照组动态本体感觉得分和运动控制适应能力明显降低,双膝相对峰力矩明显降低,同时伴有腘绳肌与股四头肌峰力矩屈/伸比值的明显增加;训练组动态本体感觉得分和运动控制适应能力明显高于对照组,而腘绳肌与股四头肌峰力矩屈/伸比值无明显改变. 结论 21 d-6°头低位卧床运动训练能够明显改善卧床后动态姿态平衡及其动态运动适应功能.     

马齿苋降血脂的单向质反应开放型序贯分析

目的　考察 3种不同剂型马齿苋的降血脂作用。方法　采用最新的四氧嘧啶快速静脉注射法建立高脂血症病理模型 ,选择单向质反应开放型序贯试验和自身前后对照分析进行治疗试验 ,并对作用强度与有效成分含量关系进行了考察。结果　马齿苋鲜汁、籽汁、煮汁均能降低血脂 ,且作用鲜汁 >籽汁 >煮汁 (P <0 .0 1) ,VE含量马齿苋籽汁 >鲜汁 >煮汁 ,VC含量马齿苋鲜汁 >煮汁 >籽汁 ,作用强度与有效成分含量分布相一致。结论　根据研究目的进行药物评价或药物筛选首选序贯试验最好     

视场角设置对虚拟环境中目标判断的影响

目的探讨不同视场角参数对虚拟环境中目标判断的影响规律 ,找出最佳视场角参数。方法利用自行研制基于PC平台的虚拟现实 (VR)实验系统 ,选定 45名年龄在 2 3～ 5 8岁被试者并完成大小与角度判断的实验设计。首先进行 30 0人次的预实验 ,确定引起虚拟环境中目标判断差错的视场角及相应观察任务的差别等级 ,然后开始单因素、4水平的完全随机正式实验。结果方差分析表明 ,不同的虚拟环境视场角对目标判断的真实性有显著性影响 ,当视场角为 60°时 ,目标判断的正确率最大。结论利用VR技术进行载人航天器工效设计、操作训练或其它任务的研究时 ,应考虑视场角的作用 ,适合目标大小判断的视场角参数值宜取 60°,以便获得最大的工效     

高性能战斗机改装体检飞行员的耳功能分析

目的 分析高性能战斗机改装体检飞行员的咽鼓管功能、前庭功能和听功能状况。方法 对改装体检的196名飞行员的耳功能资料进行分析。结果 ①声导抗示196例392耳中193例368耳为A型曲线，6例7耳为AD型曲线，15例17耳为C型曲线。196例392耳均无声反射衰减；②眼震电图示196例前庭功能均正常：③纯音测听以气导在500、1000、2000、3000Hz的平均听阈表示，196例的结果为左耳12．58dB HL；右耳12．48dB HL，但37例47耳有高频区噪声性听损伤的表现。结论 参与高性能战斗机改装体检的飞行员，其耳功能状况总体良好，但部分有噪声性听损伤的应随访观察。     

脉冲振荡技术在儿童支气管舒张试验中的应用

目的：探讨脉冲振荡方法(IOS)在儿童支气管舒张试验中的应用及其与常规肺量计法结果的相关关系。方法：发作期的哮喘患儿同时应用两种方法做吸入支气管扩张剂前后肺功能测定，以FEV1改善≥15％判断为阳性，应用统计学处理对两种方法各指标作相关性分析。结果：IOS各指标舒张后改善明显，△Zrs、△R5与金标准△FEV1密切相关，经多元回归得出方程△FEV1=-1．527△Zrs 0．883△R5。结论：IOS法可以作为不能配合用力呼气动作的儿童行支气管舒张试验。     

定量法（动态比浊法）测定注射用头孢曲松钠中细菌内毒素的研究

注射用头孢曲松钠 (Ｃｅｆｔｒｉａｘｏｎｅｆｏｒｉｎｊｅｃｔｉｏｎ)为长效、广谱的头孢菌素类抗生素 ,它对大多数革兰氏阴性杆菌具有高效的抗菌活性。目前无任何一种抗生素在对奇异变性杆菌的杀菌活性方面 ,可以和头孢曲松钠相比。 2 0 0 0版中国药典收载的方法为凝胶法 ,此法为限量检查法 ,不能准确测定样品中的内毒素含量 ,而定量法则可提供更灵敏而准确的内毒素检测方法。本文采用定量法 (动态比浊法 )来测定注射用头孢曲松钠的细菌内毒素含量。1　材料与仪器细菌内毒素检查用水Ｌｏｔ.Ｎｏ .0 0 1 2 2 70 ,规格5 0ｍｌ/Ａｍｐ湛江安…     

A quantitative analysis of valgus torque on the ACL: a human cadaveric study.

The loads needed to elicit a positive pivot shift test in a knee with an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture have not been quantified. The coupled anterior tibial translation (ATT), coupled internal tibial rotation (ITR), and the in situ force in the ACL in response to a valgus torque, an inherent component of the pivot shift test, were measured in 10 human cadaveric knee specimens. Using a robotic/universal force-moment sensor testing system, valgus torques ranging from 0.0 to 10.0 Nm were applied in nine increments on the intact and ACL-deficient knee in flexion ranging from 0 degrees to 90 degrees. At 15 degrees of knee flexion, the coupled ATT and ITR were significantly increased in the ACL-deficient knee when compared to the intact knee. Coupled ATT increased a maximum of 291% (6.7 mm, p<0.05), while coupled ITR increased a maximum of 85% (5.1 degrees, p<0.05). At 30 degrees, the increases in coupled ATT and ITR were significant at valgus loads of 3.3 Nm and greater with a maximum increase in coupled ATT of 137% (6.3 mm, p<0.05) and a maximum increase in coupled ITR of 38% (3.6 degrees, p<0.05). At 45 degrees, coupled ATT increased significantly (maximum of 69%, 4.4 mm, p<0.05), but only at torques > or =6.7 Nm. The in situ force in the ACL was less than 20 N for all flexion angles when a torque between 3.3 and 5.0 Nm was applied. Low valgus torque elicited tibial subluxation in the ACL-deficient knee with low in situ ACL forces, similar to a positive pivot shift test. Thus, application of a valgus torque may be suitable to evaluate ACL-deficient and ACL-reconstructed knees, since subluxation can be achieved with minimal harm to the ACL graft. This work is important in understanding one load component needed for the pivot shift examination; further studies quantifying other load components are essential for better comprehension of the in vivo pivot shift examination.     

马杜霉素渣抗球虫的效果

测定了马杜霉素渣中铅、砷、镉、铬的含量及对小白鼠的毒性和对鸡的抗球虫性能。试验结果：马杜霉素渣中铅含量１．０５ｍｇ／ｋｇ，砷含量小于１．０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，镉含量１．２ｍｇ／ｋｇ，铬含量２６ｍｇ／ｋｇ；马杜霉素渣对小白鼠的ＬＤ５０为３５４．６５ｍｇ／ｋｇ，比马杜霉素毒性大。马杜霉素渣的抗球虫指数为１７３～１７５．１，属中等强度抗球虫药。以上结果表明，马杜霉素渣可以作为抗球虫药应用，但应用时要防止中毒的发生。     

重氮乳胶反向凝集试验与乳凝试验在血吸虫病临床诊断中的应用研究

本文应用日本血吸虫虫卵单克隆抗体及虫卵可溶性抗原，分别致敏新型免疫微球载体重氮基聚苯乙烯乳胶，制备出血吸虫反向乳凝试剂与乳凝试剂，并用于检测血吸虫病患者血清标本中的相应抗原和相应抗体，以此试验检测１９７份急慢性血吸虫病患者血清标本。结果反向乳凝试剂检出率为９０．４％，乳凝试剂检出率为９５．２％，均高于反向间接血凝法的８５．０％。反向乳凝试验与乳凝试验联合应用，既可早期诊断，又可判断疗效。试验采用玻片凝集法，３ｍｉｎ内即出结果，方法敏感．特异、简便和快速。     

Diagnostic Validity of Fecal Occult Blood Tests for Detecting Gastroenterological Cancers

In order to estimate the diagnostic validity of chemical fecal occult blood tests, i.e. orthotolidine (Shionogi A) and guajac (Shionogi B) slides for detecting cancers of the esophagus, stomach and colorectum, the authors followed up all the examinees (n=3,449) of comprehensive medical check-ups at the Center for Adult Diseases, Osaka, by means of record linkage to the Osaka Cancer Registry's files. Then, diagnostic validity was calculated based on the results of two years' follow-up. Sensitivity for the respective cancers was 20.0%, 11.8% and 62.5% for Shionogi A, and 20.0%, 5.9% and 43.8% for Shionogi B slides. Likelihood ratio for the respective cancers was 1.4, 0.8 and 4.5 for Shionogi A, and 3.3, 1.0 and 7.5 for Shionogi B. Specificity was analogous among the three cancer sites, being 86% for Shionogi A and 94% for Shionogi B. These results suggest that the diagnostic validity of chemical occult blood tests for detecting cancers of the esophagus and the stomach is very poor, and therefore imply that close examinations of these sites for screening positives is unnecessary in mass screenings for colorectal cancer.