Cardio-protective Effects of Corocalm (疏冠胶囊)on Acute Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats

Objective: To investigate the cardio-protective effects of Corocalm (疏冠胶囊) on acute myocardial ischemia in rats, and to explore its possible therapeutic mechanisms. Methods: The acute ischemic model was prepared by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery in rats. The animals were divided into 6 groups, 8 in each group. The sham operated group underwent heart exposure without ligation and were treated with normal saline 3 ml/kg, while the other 5 groups, the model groups, consisted of acceptable acute ischemic model rats and were also treated with normal saline, with the Guanxin Capsule ted with 85 mg/kg and 340 mg/kg of Corocalm respectively, and the Diltiazem group, treated with Diltiazem 5 mg/kg, with all the tested drugs prepared with normal saline into equal volume ( 3 mi/kg) and administrated once via duodenum 10 min before ligation. Myocardial infarction area was determined by the quantitative histological assay with nitroblue tetrazolium (N-BT) stain. And the levels of creatine phosphokinase (CK),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum were measured by biochemical assay and spectrophotometry respectively. Besides, the blood viscosity in another 50 rats was determined, who received for 7 successive days oral administration with different concentration of Corocalm or aspirin. Results: It showed that low and high dose Corocalm could significantly reduce the infarction area, inhibit the increase of serum CK, LDH activity and MDA content, and enhance the SOD activity after ischemia/reperfusion. The whole blood viscosity at different shear rates in rats treated with high dose Corocalm was significantly lower than those treated with normal saline (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Corocalm has favourable protective effects on heart in ischemic condition, the effect of which might be through its actions in inhibiting CK and LDH activity, scavenging oxygen free radicals, and lowering blood viscosity.     

急性毒性体外筛选方法的比较

目的比较4种急性毒性的体外筛选方法,为建立高通量的急性毒性筛选方法提供依据。方法选用人HepG2细胞,运用96孔板体外细胞培养技术,对47种已知体内急性毒性的化合物用4种细胞毒性的检测方法及5个评价指标进行检测,并将体外评价指标与体内评价指标LD50进行分析比较。结果MTT、中性红、LDH及刃天青4种检测方法中,以中性红法检测结果与体内LD50的相关性最好,评价指标中4种检测方法均以IC45与LD50的相关性最高。结论选用人HepG2细胞,运用微孔板体外细胞培养技术,4种细胞毒性检测方法中以中性红法方法最好,评价指标以IC45为宜,可作为建立高通量的急性毒性筛选方法的依据。     

急性重症胰腺炎合并真菌感染分析及对策

目的探讨急性重症性胰腺炎(SAP)合并真菌感染特点及影响感染的高危因素。方法对1995年以来我院共收治SAP病人82例,根据病因分为两组:胆原性为(A组)46例,其他原因(饮酒、不明原因等)为(B组)36例。对患者入院时APCHEⅡ积分、肠麻痹、留置尿管、静脉营养、高血糖、肝功能障碍、应用抗生素情况等相关因素进行统计学分析。结果82例合并真菌感染22例,发生率为26.8%,A组合并真菌感染发生率21.7%,B组合并真菌感染发生率33.3%。有APCHEⅡ积分、肠麻痹、肠外营养、抗生素应用4个变量进入回归方程。四项指标危险因素与真菌感染发生率有明显相关(p<0.05)。结论对于APCHEⅡ积分(15.45±4.56)以上尤其是非胆原性SAP,肠麻痹和肠外营养≥7d、连续联合应用抗生素≥15d者应高度重视有真菌感染危险。     

Effects of perfluorochemical evaporative properties on oxygenation during partial liquid ventilation

BACKGROUND: The physical-chemical properties of perfluorochemical (PFC) liquids have been shown to influence physiological and cellular responses during partial liquid ventilation (PLV). The aim of this study is to compare the relationship between patho-physiological endpoints and the physical properties of three PFC liquids used in treating acute lung injury. METHODS: A total of 18 juvenile rabbits were randomized into conventional mechanical ventilation or PLV groups after lung saline lavages. Three PFC liquids, including Flutec perfluoro-1,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane (PP4; vapor pressure, 28.8 mmHg at 37 degrees C), Perfluorodecalin (PFD; vapor pressure, 13.6 mmHg at 37 degrees C), and Perflubron (PFB; vapor pressure, 10.4 mmHg at 37 degrees C) were used for PLV with no replacement for 4 h. A thermal detector was used to measure PFC loss rate. Physiological measurements and evaporative loss rate of PFC were done every 30 min, and lung histology was examined. RESULTS: The mean evaporative loss rate was significantly higher in the PP4 group (4.75 +/- 0.24 mL/kg per h) than in either the PFD (1.43 +/- 0.11 mL/kg per h) or the PFB (1.18 +/- 0.05 mL/kg per h) group (P < 0.05). The oxygenation of PFD and PFB was maintained good for 4 h, however, the PP4 group showed a fast deterioration since 2 h post-treatment due to fast dropping of the residual PP4 amount in lungs. Histology showed good alveolar integrity in the PFD and PFB groups. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of PLV are directly influenced by the evaporative property of the PFC liquid. With no replacement over 4 h, PLV effects could be maintained with utilizing a PFC liquid with low, rather than high, vapor pressure. PFC with high vapor pressure has a high loss rate and low residual volume that causes poor maintenance on oxygenation during PLV. Therefore, measuring PFC loss rate is important in future studies and clinical application of PLV.     

多项血糖指标对急性冠脉综合征患者30天心力衰竭的预测价值

目的：研究急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、入院血糖（AG）及第二日清晨空腹血糖（FG）值对发病30天时发生心力衰竭（HF）的预测价值。方法：测定102例ACS患者的HbA1c、AG及FG值。根据发病30天时有无HF分为两组，观察上述指标与HF的关系。结果：102例ACS患者的HbA1c（P=0．046）和FG（P=0．044）与30天的HF预后相关，且HbA1c（P=0．017）为ACS30天HF预后的独立危险因子。结论：高血糖能预测ACS近期HF发生。HbA1c是ACS短期HF预后的独立危险因子。     

白介素-18等炎性标记物与冠状动脉病变程度的关系研究

目的：探讨炎性标记物白介素-18和白细胞计数在不同程度的冠状动脉病变中的表达情况，以期根据炎性标记物的血浆水平甄别冠状动脉病变的严重程度。方法：测定经冠脉造影确诊的急性冠脉综合征（ACS）病人血浆中白介素-18（IL-18）的含量以及全血白细胞计数，然后比较不同程度冠脉病变组的炎性标记物水平；并比较糖尿病（DM）组和非DM组的差异。结果：白介素-18的含量以及全血白细胞计数在冠状动脉复杂病变组明显高于简单病变组（P〈0．05）。合并有DM的ACS病人白介素-18的含量以及全血中的白细胞计数水平明显高于非DM组（P〈0．05）。结论：在不同程度的冠状动脉病变组和不同危险因素组炎性标记物水平存在着显著性差异。     

急性胰腺炎151例临床分析及治疗

目的：探讨急性胰腺炎临床治疗疗效。方法：收集2000年3月-2005年3月我院收治的151例急性胰腺炎病例，对病凶及诱因、临床症状及体征、实验室及影像学检爸、并发症、治疗与转归等进行回顾性分析。结果：治愈130例，治愈率为86．7％，好转18例，为12％；死亡3例，为2％。结论：感染是急性胰腺炎的严重并发症，应正确把握急性胰腺炎感染的诊断，严格掌握手术适应证，对于胰腺炎应按照其临床分型采取严格的规范化的治疗，才能取得更好的疗效。     

中药对大鼠自发性慢性胰腺炎的干预作用及其方证病态基础

目的探讨桂枝汤、柴胡桂枝汤、小柴胡汤和卡莫司他对大鼠自发性慢性胰腺炎的干预作用及其方证病态基础。方法57只雄性4周龄WBN/Kob大鼠随机分为5组模型组、桂枝汤组、柴胡桂枝汤组、小柴胡汤组和卡莫司他组,每组大鼠均予以相应药物干预,共12周。每4周取大鼠胰腺组织观察胰腺湿重;HE染色观察胰腺组织病理学改变;RT-PCR技术检测大鼠胰腺胰腺炎相关蛋白(pancreatitis-associatedprotein,PAP)mRNA的表达水平;免疫组织化学方法检测胰腺PAP蛋白的表达。结果模型组自12周龄起胰腺组织发生胰腺炎病理学改变;桂枝汤组未观察到胰腺炎病理学改变;小柴胡汤组和卡莫司他组在16周龄时,胰腺组织均发生明显的胰腺炎病理学改变。桂枝汤组抑制PAPmRNA表达的作用大于其他各中药干预组。桂枝汤组和柴胡桂枝汤组在12周龄时,未发现胰腺PAP的表达。结论桂枝汤、柴胡桂枝汤、小柴胡汤和卡莫司他对大鼠自发性慢性胰腺炎具有不同程度的防治作用,其中以桂枝汤的作用最为明显。“太阳表证”可能是大鼠自发性慢性胰腺炎的中医基本证候病机,PAP的表达可能是其证候病机的病态基础之一。     

大肠杆菌气管注入致急性肺损伤的实验研究

目的：建立气管注入细菌致兔急性肺损伤（ALI）模型,为研究细菌致ALI的致病机制及其治疗提供理论依据.方法：兔分为：细菌注入组（Ⅰ组）,生理盐水注入组（Ⅱ组）,正常对照组（Ⅲ组）.对比观察3组以下指标：血流动力学、呼吸力学、血气分析、支气管灌洗液中的细胞数、蛋白含量、肺组织湿重/干重比及病理检查.结果：Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组比较,上述指标,均有明显差异（P均＜0.05）.结论：通过直接气管注入细菌可建立ALI模型.     

灵芪蠲肝液对大鼠急性肝损伤保护作用的研究

目的:观察灵芪蠲肝液对大鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法:选用雄性wistar大鼠,随机分为正常对照组、模型组、灵芪蠲肝液三个剂量组及肝苏颗粒阳性对照组。各用药组分别给予灵芪蠲肝液、肝苏颗粒5天后,腹腔注射硫代乙酰胺300mg/kg,复制急性肝损伤模型。造模36小时后,乙醚麻醉大鼠,心脏取血,测定肝功能、血浆内皮素(ET)、血清一氧化氮(NO)含量;取肝制备10%肝匀浆,测定丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平,并取肝组织做病理检查。结果:大鼠急性肝损伤时,ALT、AST、TB i、l血清NO、血浆ET、肝匀浆MDA均升高,肝匀浆SOD明显降低,与正常对照组比较,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);与模型组比较,灵芪蠲肝液能降低血清ALT、AST、TB i、lNO、血浆ET水平;降低肝匀浆MDA,升高肝匀浆SOD水平,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);病理检查发现灵芪蠲肝液能减轻肝细胞变性、坏死,减少炎细胞浸润。结论:灵芪蠲肝液对硫代乙酰胺引起的急性肝损伤有保护作用。