三七皂甙对心肌腺苷三磷酸酶的影响(英文)

三七总皂甙(PNS)能抑制心肌总ATP酶活力,但对Na~( )-K~( )-ATP酶无明显影响。三七皂甙单体Rb_1及Rg_1对心肌总ATP酶活力均有抑制作用,但Rb_1的抑制效力显著大于Rg_1·Rb_1能抑制豚鼠离体心房肌的自律性和收缩性,Rg_1也能抑制豚鼠离体心房肌的自律性,但对心房肌的收缩性却无明显影响。提示PNS抑制心肌收缩力这一作用的主要有效成份是Rb_1·     

单发室性早搏中RT间期规律的分析

目的探讨室性早搏前后RT间期变化的规律。方法选取单发、有完全代偿间期的室性早搏心电图,测量室早及其前后相邻波群(简称室早前、室早、室早后)的RT间期,进行对比。对室早前心室舒张时间与室早RT间期变化的关系进行分析。结果RT间期由短到长的顺序为:室早<室早前<室早后。室早前心室舒张时间与室早RT间期无线性相关关系。结论室早时RT间期最短,室早后RT间期最长,这一变化规律与心室舒张时间无关。     

Impaired postural control in patients affected by tension-type headache

Sixteen subjects, affected by chronic tension-type headache (TTH) accordingly to the International Headache Society Classification (1988) criteria, in presence of tenderness in pericranial muscles,with a mean age of 37+/-11.8 years, and ten healthy volunteer subjects, age and sex matched, were submitted to postural analysis by Static Posturography (S.Ve.P. Amplaid). Aim of the study was to evaluate whether patients with TTH have disturbed postural control, as compared to normal subjects. Postural analysis considered all posturographic variables but focused on spectral frequency analysis of body sway. In both open (OE) and closed eyes (CE) condition, spectral frequency analysis showed a significantly increased body sway at low (OE= p < or = 0.01; CE= p < or = 0.01) and middle (OE= p < or = 0.01; CE= p < or = 0.01) frequencies on the antero-posterior (y) plane and at low frequencies (OE= p < or = 0.05; CE= p < or = 0.05) on the lateral (x) plane. Statistical analysis was performed using the Student's t test for unpaired data, p value 0.05 defined significant. The proprioceptive input seems to be predominant at middle and high frequencies in maintaining posture, our results seem then to suggest a proprioceptive disturbance in TTH patients. The disturbance is likely related to chronic pericranial muscle contraction and tenderness. Posturography and spectral analysis may help not only in the diagnosis of a postural disturbance but even more in the follow-up of TTH patients, during and after a medical and/or a rehabilitative treatment.     

Effects of exercise on muscle activation and metabolism in multiple sclerosis

We investigated the role of metabolism in muscle fatigue during voluntary exercise in persons with mild multiple sclerosis (MS). Six MS and 8 healthy control subjects performed intermittent, progressive, isometric contractions of the ankle dorsiflexors, during which we measured maximum voluntary force (MVC), inorganic phosphate (Pi), phosphocreatine (PCr), and pH. During exercise. MVC fell sooner in MS, but by the end of exercise the relative decrease in MVC was similar in both groups. In contrast, at the end of exercise Pi/PCr increased to 1.86 ± 0.22 in controls but to only 0.66 ± 0.04 in MS (P < 0.01); likewise, pH was 6.75±0.04 in controls and unchanged (7.06 ± 0.04) in MS (P <0.01). The smaller metabolic change at the same relative exercise intensity suggests a failure of muscle activation that is present even in mild MS. Neurophsyiologic measures of activation indicated some central activation failure and no neuromuscular junction impairment in MS, and suggested that activation failure beyond the muscle membrane(excitation–contraction coupling) may be important in MS. We conclude that metabolic factors do not play a significant role in the development of muscle fatigue during voluntary exercise in mild MS. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

系膜细胞的功能对肾小球滤过作用的影响

系膜细胞有两种类型即肾小球内系膜细胞和肾小球外系膜细胞，研究表明系膜细胞内有收缩系统存在，肾上球内系膜细胞与收缩功能有密切的关系，肾小球外系膜细胞功能的改变在管－球反馈的信号转导中起关键作用。此外，系膜细胞还有吞噬及产生并分泌多种生物活性物质等功能。其中系膜细胞的收缩在调节肾小球血液动力学如滤过系数和管－球反馈的变化方面可能具有重要的生理意义。     

Rectal sensorimotor characteristics in female patients with idiopathic constipation with or without paradoxical sphincter contraction

Patients with chronic constipation fulfilling the Thompson criteria can show paradoxical sphincter contraction. Aim of this study was to evaluate rectal sensorimotor characteristics in patients with constipation with or without paradoxical sphincter contraction. Thirty female patients with chronic constipation and 22 female controls were investigated with anal manometry and rectal barostat. Paradoxical sphincter contraction was shown with manometry as a paradoxical increase of anal pressure during straining. Visceral sensitivity and compliance were tested by intermittent and continuous pressure-controlled distension. Patients were classified according to their sensations and compliance into normal, hypersensitive, reduced compliant, insensitive or excessive compliant rectum. Postprandial rectal response (PRR) and phasic volume events (PVEs) were registered for 1 h after a 600-kCal meal. Paradoxical sphincter contraction was found in 13 (43%) patients. In these patients, rectal sensitivity scores were higher (P = 0.045) than in patients without paradoxical contractions, but rectal compliance was not different. In 90% of patients an abnormal rectal sensitivity or compliance was found: excessively compliant in 35%, reduced compliant in 10%, hypersensitive in 27% and hyposensitive in 17%. Both patients with constipation (11%; P = 0.042) and controls (25%; P = 0.002) exhibited the presence of a postprandial rectal response. This response was not significantly different between idiopathic constipation, paradoxical sphincter contraction and controls. Patients with rectal hypersensitivity had lower response than other patients (P = 0.04). Patients with constipation had fewer basal PVEs compared controls (P = 0.03). Postprandial PVEs increased in both patients (P = 0.014) and controls (P < 0.001). Postprandial rectal response and PVE were not different in patients with or without paradoxical sphincter contraction. A total of 90% of female patients with idiopathic constipation show an abnormality in rectal sensation or compliance. The postprandial rectal response was comparable between patients with constipation and controls, however, PVEs were diminished. Patients with paradoxical sphincter contraction had higher rectal sensitivity but an unaltered compliance and postprandial rectal response. Future trials should investigate whether the classification of rectal abnormalities in patients with constipation has clinical importance.     

黄芪总皂甙对在体犬心功能的影响

结扎左冠状动脉前降支中点或最大斜角支根部，造成麻醉犬急性心肌梗塞模型，用ＲＭ一６０００多道记录仪动态监测心功能和心电图，并进行实验性治疗。证实黄芪总皂甙能明显改善心梗大的心肌收缩性能，增加冠脉流量，对心功能有保护作用。     

Results of 24-h manometric recording of colonic motor activity with endoluminal instillation of bisacodyl in patients with severe chronic slow transit constipation

The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of manometric colonic abnormalities and to evaluate the motor effect of intraluminal bisacodyl in a cohort of refractory constipated patients. Twenty-four hour colonic motility recordings were performed in 40 patients referred for a severe intractable chronic constipation. At the end of each recording session the motor effects of the endoluminal instillation of 10 mg bisacodyl were assessed. These patients were compared with 20 healthy subjects. The number of high-amplitude propagating contractions (HAPC) was significantly decreased in patients with slow transit constipation (12 +/- 11.6 vs 1 +/- 8.6, P < 0.001). Based on manometric patterns four groups of patients were isolated. Ten patients had no spontaneous HAPC, no food-induced colonic motor response and significantly lower colonic activity in transverse colon (374 +/- 1220 vs 3249 +/- 3458, P < 0.05). Five patients had significantly increased sigmoid segmental motility (20298 +/- 6364 vs 88780 +/- 3643, P < 0.001) and eight patients had significantly lower number of HAPC without other manometric abnormalities while 17 patients had normal colonic motility recordings. Endoluminal bisacodyl was able to induce HAPCs in all groups of patients. Patients with severe slow transit refractory constipation represented a heterogeneous group and endoluminal bisacodyl was able to promote a propagated motor activity in a majority of patients even in those suspected of having an inert colon.     

不同用途的心室肌细胞的分离

目的 :建立适合于不同用途的心室肌细胞的酶解分离方法。方法 :恒流 Langendorff灌流 ,I型胶原酶酶解分离 ,应用膜片箝技术记录离子电流、双波长显微荧光光度术检测细胞内游离钙离子浓度及视频跟踪系统测定心肌单细胞收缩。结果 :采用不同分离技术参数获得的心肌细胞能满足上述三种实验条件下的要求。酶解分离的单个心室肌细胞静息电位为 (- 74 .0 6± 4 .5 4 ) m V,记录到心室肌细胞典型的钾、钠、钙离子电流和稳定的心室肌细胞内游离钙比值 ,心室肌单细胞收缩特性稳定。结论 :通过调整分离技术参数获得的心室肌细胞性能稳定 ,具有正常的电 -机械生理特性和耐钙性。     

Synthesis of 9-Halo Prostaglandin Derivatives and Their Effect on Uterus Contraction

Four 9-halo prostaglandin derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by IR, ^1HNMR, MS, etc. The effect on uterus contraction of rats was studied in vitro. It was found that compound β-Br seemed to be the most sensitive and β-Cl somewhat less, while α-Cl and α-Br had almost no action as compared with oxytocin (1 IU/ml).