别嘌呤醇与溴敌隆的协同作用

目的观察别嘌呤醇与溴敌隆的协同作用及其是否可以改善溴敌隆的灭鼠性能。方法使用灌胃和饲喂2种方法观察小白鼠首次出现死亡的时间和摄食系数。结果首次出现死鼠时间，灌胃法：0．0058％溴敌隆为4d，00056％溴敌隆＋0．0058％别嘌呤醇为2d；饲喂法：0．005％溴敌隆为4d，0．002％～0．005％溴敌隆分别与0．04％和0．06％别嘌呤醇合用均为3d。适口性检测结果：0．005％溴敌隆组、0．002％溴敌隆＋0．04％别嘌呤醇组、0．002％溴敌隆＋0．06％别嘌呤醇组的摄食系数分别为1、0．92、1．49。结论别嘌呤醇可以改善溴敌隆的灭鼠性能，使首次出现死鼠的时间提前。当别嘌呤醇浓度大于0．06％时，可使摄食系数提高，     

赣榆县学龄儿童幽门螺杆菌感染状况调查

目的研究江苏省赣榆县学龄儿童的幽门螺杆菌（H1pylori）感染的感染率，为今后预防和治疗幽门螺杆菌提供基础资料。方法8161例儿童采用ELISA法检测血清抗体以了解H1pylori感染状态。结果该地区儿童Hlpylori感染的总阳性率为20．16％（1645／8161）。男、女学龄儿童的H1pylori阳性率分别为18．78％（920／4898）、22．22％（725／3263），男、女学龄儿童的感染率差异无显著性。结论江苏赣榆县学龄儿童幽门螺杆菌存在较高的感染率，不容忽视。     

基于J2EE技术的江苏省居民健康素养评估学习系统

根据健康素养评估学习的相关要求,江苏省开发了基于J2EE技术的居民健康素养评估学习系统,本文就该系统的功能、性能设计和实现技术等方面内容进行了描述。     

江苏省艾滋病病毒感染流行病学研究

目的：了解江苏省艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染的流行特征、传染来源及危险因素,推断其流行趋势，为制定防制策略提供依据。方法：使用酶联免疫吸附法及免疫印迹试验对高危人群进行HIV抗体检测，采集感染全血分离淋巴细胞用套式聚合酶链反应扩增HIV－1DNA片段进行序列分析，鉴定病毒亚型。结果：从1986年至2001年6月底，全省共监测各类人群954 445人次，发现HIV抗体阳性133例，检出率0．14‰，其中艾滋病病人（AIDS）8例，死亡4例。对19例HIV感染进行了亚型鉴定，HIV－1M群共有4种亚型。A，B′，C，D。献血员中85．71％为B′亚型，吸毒人群均为C亚型，回国劳务人员为A和D亚型。结论：江苏省艾滋病病毒感染的流行已进入快速增长期，以静脉吸毒和性途径传播为主，HIV－1毒株亚型复杂，防治工作形势严峻。应尽快开展性病艾滋病的综合监测和高危人群的行为干预。     

14株医院感染病原菌对对氯间二甲苯酚抗力的观察

目的了解常见医院感染病原菌对对氯间二甲苯酚的抗力。方法肉汤稀释法对14株医院感染病原菌进行最低抑菌浓度和最小杀菌浓度测定。结果对氯间二甲苯酚对7株临床分离的铜绿假单胞菌的最小抑菌浓度范围为78 mg/L~625 mg/L,WX11株最高,WX44株与WX12株最低;另外4株与标准株的M IC均为312 mg/L。对氯间二甲苯酚对7株临床分离的铜绿假单胞菌的最小杀菌浓度范围为156~1250 mg/L,WX45株与NJ90株MBC最高,WX12与WX44最低;其余3株与标准株的MBC均为625 mg/L。对氯间二甲苯酚对7株临床分离的大肠杆菌的M IC和MBC均与标准菌株一致。结论铜绿假单胞菌对对氯间二甲苯酚抗力有差异,存在抗力株和敏感株;大肠杆菌对对氯间二甲苯酚抗力与标准株相同。     

我国2015－2016年哨点监测手足口病病原学和并发症分析

目的 分析2015－2016年我国手足口病哨点监测系统的手足口病特征,探讨建立手足口病哨点监测的可行性、优势及不足。方法 数据来源于11个国家级哨点监测点2015年11月至2016年10月手足口病监测数据,描述手足口病的病原特征、代表性和重症病例并发症情况,采用多因素logistic回归分析手足口病哨点监测样本阳性率的相关影响因素。采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 共有4 783例手足口病病例样本,其中轻症病例3 390例,重症病例1 390例,死亡3例。肠道病毒（EV）阳性率为81.43%（3 895/4 783）,轻症病例优势血清型为其他EV（52.68%,1 482/2 813）,重症病例优势血清型为EV71（65.31%,706/1 081）。哨点监测显示的优势血清型与同时期现有监测血清型基本一致。其他EV所致病例中低年龄组儿童所占比例高于EV71和柯萨奇病毒A组16型（Cox A16）（χ²=130.17,P<0.001）。多因素logistic回归结果显示,样本阳性率高与男性、高发月份病例、儿童医院病例、样本为粪便、及时采样有关。不同类型样本阳性率均呈现随发病-采样间隔时间的延长而下降的趋势（粪便趋势χ²=14.47,P<0.001;咽拭子趋势χ²=31.99,P<0.001;肛拭子趋势χ²=24.26,P<0.001）。无菌性脑膜炎、非脑干脑炎、脑干脑炎为重症病例最常见的3种并发症,EV71和其他EV所致重症病例并发症差异无统计学意义。结论 哨点监测发现性别、发病月份、接诊医院类别、标本类型、采样及时性是影响手足口病样本阳性率的5个独立影响因素。哨点监测可以收集这些影响因素以提升监测质量。设立手足口病国家级哨点监测在我国是可行的。     

The impact of porcine circovirus associated diseases on live attenuated classical swine fever vaccine in field farm applications

Porcine circovirus associated diseases (PCVADs) are among the most important diseases affecting the worldwide swine industry. Vaccination against porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection has been utilized for disease control and effectively reduces clinical signs of PCVADs. To evaluate the efficacy of the PCV2 vaccine in field farms, we conducted a trial using conventional pigs immunized with the subunit PCV2 vaccine followed by PCV2 challenge. Immunized pigs demonstrated lower serum viral loads, less viral antigen staining in lymph nodes, and higher average daily weight gain, confirming the protective efficacy of the vaccine. However, low levels of PCV2 infection were still detected in vaccinated pigs after challenge, suggesting that the PCV2 vaccine was unable to eradicate the virus, which could lead to asymptomatic PCV2 subclinical infection (PCV2-SI) in pig farms. Additionally, PCV2 infection is a risk factor for impaired pig immune response development during the weaning to growth stages, which is a crucial period to receive vaccines against classical swine fever (CSF). Therefore, the impact of PCV2-SI or PCV2-systemic disease (PCV2-SD) on live attenuated CSF vaccine was investigated. After PCV2 challenge, there was no difference in levels of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) neutralizing antibodies (NA) between pigs with PCV2-SD and PCV2-SI, suggesting that the efficacy of CSF vaccine was compromised. Moreover, results of long-term monitoring of CSFV NA titers in PCV2-SI pigs with minimized interference by maternally-derived antibodies suggested that serum PCV2 viral loads greater than 10² copies/mL may compromise the efficacy of CSF vaccine. Overall, a conventional pig model was established to demonstrate the impaired efficacy of the subunit PCV2 vaccine and its impact on the CSF vaccine in vaccination-challenge trials. Additionally, the impaired efficacy of the PCV2 vaccine resulted in increased PCV2-SI, eventually leading to compromised the live attenuated CSF vaccine induced NA response in field farm applications.     

2型糖尿病患者体重指数与死亡风险的前瞻性研究

  目的  探讨体重指数（body mass index,BMI）与2型糖尿病患者全死因死亡风险的关联。  方法  研究对象为江苏省苏南、苏北地区纳入国家基本公共卫生服务管理的17 638名2型糖尿病患者,应用Cox比例风险回归模型计算基线时不同BMI组人群在随访期间的全死因死亡风险（hazard ratio,HR）值及95%置信区间（confidence interval,CI）。  结果  研究对象累计随访77 451人年,平均随访4.39年,随访期间共死亡1 274人,低体重组BMI < 18.5 kg/m2、正常体重组（18.5 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 24.0 kg/m2）、超重组（24.0 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 28.0 kg/m2）、肥胖组（BMI ≥ 28.0 kg/m2）死亡人数分别为39人、575人、484人和176人,相应的死亡率分别为15.6%、9.5%、6.2%、5.1%。调整混杂因素后,以正常体重组为参照,低体重组、超重组、肥胖组死亡风险的HR值（95%CI）分别为1.66（95%CI:1.20~2.30）,0.68（95%CI:0.61~0.77）,0.58（95%CI:0.48~0.68）。  结论  在2型糖尿病患者中,与正常体重人群相比,低体重人群的全死因死亡风险最高,超重和肥胖人群的死亡风险较低,超重和肥胖可以降低2型糖尿病患者死亡风险。     

Australian beef industry worker’s knowledge,attitudes and practices regarding Q fever: A pilot study

BackgroundQ fever is a vaccine-preventable zoonotic infection with potentially severe health outcomes and high economic costs that affects agricultural workers, including beef and cattle industry workers, however this population historically have sub-optimal vaccine uptake.ObjectiveTo gather quantitative and qualitative pilot data from Australian beef industry workers on their knowledge, attitudes and practices around Q fever and Q fever vaccination.MethodsA mixed methods approach was used to ascertain the Q fever disease risk perception and vaccination behavior of a purposive convenience sample of beef industry workers attending an industry expo in Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia between May 7th and 9th, 2018.ResultsThe quantitative survey response rate was 83% (n = 86). More than 70% of respondents reported exposure to known Q fever risk factors. Eighty six percent were aware of Q fever, the self-reported uptake of Q fever vaccine was 27% and 9% reported undertaking testing which showed evidence of previous infection. Five main themes emerged from the qualitative data: “Finding the time” among other life priorities to attend a doctor for a vaccine; “Employer responsibility” to provide the vaccine; “My doctor knows me” and could suggest Q fever vaccination; “Assigning Risk” across a range of attitudes, including thinking it would not happen to them, ‘fatalism’, and knowing the danger but taking the risk anyway; and “The Need for Outreach” vaccine delivery services in their communities.SignificanceThese data suggest that a coordinated public health approach to testing and vaccine provision, coupled with an awareness campaign among regional doctors to prompt them to routinely ask patients about their Q fever risk and vaccination history, should form part of a broad approach to Q fever control and prevention.