Assessment of Carbendazim Residues and Safety in Celery Under Different Cultivation Conditions

Although the carbendazim is widely used to manage spot blight in celery cultivation, information on residues identified is of interest. In this study, we examined the dissipation and residual amounts of carbendazim in celery and soil under different cultivation methods when using the suggested dose and ten times of that and the bioconcentration factor of carbendazim for celery. The results showed that when celery leaves were sprayed with the suggested dose, the half-lives in a celery field and greenhouse were 2.75 days and 3.29 days, respectively. When the soil matrix was sprayed with the recommended dose before cultivation, the half-lives of carbendazim residues were 16.86 days and 11.97 days. We also conducted a long-term dietary risk assessment using the corresponding criteria. The results showed that, in China, the use of carbendazim at a dose of 0.022 g/m² is safer and more reasonable when the harvest interval is 28 days.

     

杭州市学校症状监测系统在突发公共卫生事件中的作用

  目的  分析杭州市学校症状监测系统在突发公共卫生事件中的作用,为学校突发公共卫生事件防控策略的制定提供依据。  方法  收集《突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统》中杭州市2019年报告的学校突发公共卫生事件信息,以及《杭州市学校症状监测系统》中学校及自动预警相关信息。利用SAS 9.0软件对学校系统使用情况进行分析,并对阳性预警事件和突发公共卫生事件进行比较。  结果  2019年杭州市学校症状监测系统平均使用率为54.65%,自动预警平均响应率为70.68%,不同地区学校系统使用和自动预警响应率间差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为860.79,1 615.91,P值均 < 0.01)。全年通过学校症状监测系统发现阳性预警事件161起,通过突发网报告突发公共卫生事件197起,阳性预警事件发现越多的地区突发公共卫生事件报告越少(Z=10.65,P < 0.01),阳性预警事件与突发公共卫生事件病种构成不同(χ2=28.33,P < 0.01)。同一病种阳性预警事件发病人数均远少于未预警突发公共卫生事件发病人数,阳性预警信号发出时间距离接到突发公共卫生事件报告的时间平均提前4 d。  结论  基于智能手机的杭州市学校症状监测系统在防控学校突发公共卫生事件中发挥了哨兵作用。     

大气污染对小学生健康的影响

  目的  了解大气污染物浓度增高对学龄儿童疾病、症状和因病缺课产生的影响,为防止大气污染对学生健康的危害提供参考。  方法  于2014—2017年每年冬季,对杭州某小学792名四年级学生进行健康问卷调查,每日连续开展发病和症状监测。采用基于Pearson回归的广义相加模型分析单污染物浓度增高引起的健康影响,多因素Logistic回归模型分析家庭、居住环境与大气污染物浓度增加对学生健康的综合影响。  结果  415名(52.4%)小学生有既往病史,265名(33.5%)有过敏史。调查期间,PM_2.5、PM₁₀、SO₂和NO₂的平均质量体积浓度分别为(81.0±2.8)(122.2±3.9)(17.9±0.6)(68.9±1.4)μg/m3。PM_2.5、PM₁₀和NO₂滞后3 d时对学生发生疾病和因病缺课的影响最为明显,各污染物每增加10 μg/m3,发生疾病风险RR值分别为1.02(1.01~1.02),1.04(1.03~1.06)和1.03(1.02~1.04)。SO₂滞后5 d对学生健康影响最为显著。父亲本科及以上文化水平与小学生冬季发生疾病(OR=0.83)和症状(OR=0.84)呈负相关;1年内家具更换(OR=1.78)、宠物饲养(OR=1.94)、1年内反复呼吸道感染(OR=1.82)、1年前过敏性鼻炎(OR=2.24)、冠心病/高血压家族史(OR=1.46)、室内活动时间(OR=1.02)、大气PM₁₀浓度(OR=1.09)与小学生冬季产生症状呈正相关(P值均 < 0.05)。  结论  大气污染物浓度增高对小学生发生疾病、症状以及因病缺课有影响且存在滞后效应。父亲本科及以上文化水平是学生健康的保护因素,室内环境污染和室外大气污染均可导致学生疾病和症状的发生。     

Correlation of ARNTL2 with Immune Infiltration and Its Role as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker in Lung Adenocarcinoma

BackgroundARNTL2 is a core component of the circadian clock genes and plays regulatory roles in the cell cycle and immune infiltration, but its mechanism in lung cancer (LC) remains unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical and therapeutic value of ARNTL2 in LC.MethodsThe Oncomine and Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) databases were adopted for assessing the ARNTL2 expression, after which the Kaplan-Meier plotter and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2) databases were used to assess the correlation of ARNTL2 with prognosis. The univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were utilized to identify independent prognostic factors. Also, we explored how ARNTL2 expression is related to immune infiltration, and immunomodulators in non-small lung cancer (NSCLC) using the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database, TISIDB database and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Finally, coexpression of ARNTL2 and PD-L1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) was verified via immunofluorescence staining and COXPRESdb v7 database.ResultsOur study demonstrated a remarkable upregulated expression of ARNTL2 in multiple cell lines and cancers, including NSCLC. Prognostic analysis displayed a remarkable correlation between high ARNTL2 expression and unfavorable overall survival (OS) and first progressive (FP) survival among patients ailing from LUAD, and ARNTL2 was an independent predictor of prognosis for LUAD patients. GSEA analysis showed that overexpression of ARNTL2 was significantly linked with cell cycle and immunity. Furthermore, we reported a correlation of ARNTL2 expression with immunomodulators and lymphocytes. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that ARNTL2 and PD-L1 were elevated relative to normal tissue for LUAD, and colocalization of them was observed.ConclusionElevated ARNTL2 expression in LUAD revealed the prognostic values and its prospective role as a target for cell cycle and immune therapy.     

A preliminary risk assessment of potential exposure to naturally occurring estrogens from Beijing (China) market milk products

This study was conducted to determine the occurrence of the natural steroid hormones estrone (E1), 17α-estradiol (αE2), 17β-estradiol (βE2) and estriol (E3) in 38 commercial milk samples obtained from markets in Beijing, China. Liquid Chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) was employed to determine estrogens levels. The concentrations of E1, αE2, βE2 and E3 in different milk products varied from 0–146.12 ng/L, 0–70.12 ng/L, 0–31.85 ng/L to 0–2.18 ng/L, respectively. We compared exposures to estrogens through milk consumption with acceptable daily intakes (ADIs) and threshold for toxicological concern (TTC) to determine whether estrogen intakes from milk consumption are larger or smaller than the toxicity-based benchmarks. The combined margin of safety MOS (MOS_T) for total estrogens are about 72–99, 118–161, 539–1104, for 2–4, 4–7 year-old residential children, and adults, respectively. The lowest MOS_T for children of 2–4 years old result from comparing total of estrogens with the lowest TTC value (0.15 μg/person/day) (MOS = 3.5). The MOS values suggest that the individual and total estrogens that may present in milk are not causing a health risk for the local residents, including young children.     

Serum Metabonomics of Articular Cartilage Destruction Induced by T-2 Toxin in Wistar Rats

正The molecular pathogenesis of T-2toxin-induced cartilage destruction has not been fully unraveled yet.The aim of this study was to detect changes in serum metabolites in a rat anomaly model with articular cartilage destruction.Thirty healthy male Wistar rats were fed a diet containing T-2 toxin(300 ng/kg chow)for 3 months.     

杭州市城区不同特征人群对体力活动相关建成环境的主观感知评价

目的 了解杭州市城区不同特征人群的体力活动相关建成环境主观感知情况。方法 采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法在杭州市城区抽取25~59岁常住居民开展面对面问卷调查。社区步行环境量表简版(NEWS-A)用于评价居民对社区内住宅密度、场所设施多样性、公共服务可及性、街道连通性、步行道和自行车道适宜性、美观舒适度、交通安全、治安8个建成环境维度的主观感知。采用两水平logistic回归模型分析社会人口学特征和BMI等个体因素对居民建成环境主观感知的影响。结果 共纳入1 362例常住居民,性别、婚姻状况、是否有工作与建成环境主观感知各维度得分关联均无统计学意义。调整其他因素影响后,年龄45~59岁与街道连通性感知得分呈正相关(OR=2.02,95%CI:1.30~3.15)。大专及以上文化程度与人口密度感知得分存在正相关(OR=1.97,95%CI:1.29~3.00),与场所设施多样性感知得分呈负相关(OR=0.65,95%CI:0.43~0.97)。超重肥胖与步行道/自行车道(OR=0.67,95%CI:0.48~0.95)和社区治安得分(OR=0.75,95%CI:0.57~0.99)均呈负相关。相对于Ⅰ类区域,Ⅲ类区域居民对场所设施多样性(OR=0.11,95%CI:0.04~0.30)、公共服务可及性(OR=0.33,95%CI:0.11~0.95)、街道连通性(OR=0.30,95%CI:0.11~0.86)、交通安全(OR=0.39,95%CI:0.17~0.91)的主观感知得分更低。结论 杭州市城区居民对体力活动相关的建成环境主观感知与年龄、文化程度、BMI和居住区域存在相关性,开展人群体力活动的环境干预时需要考虑个体特征。     

杭州市1 731株结核分枝杆菌耐药状况分析

目的 了解杭州市区县范围内耐药结核病的流行状况。方法 采用浓度比例法和PNB/TCH生长实验对2018年1月至2019年12月分离自杭州市周边7个县区的1 975份肺结核病人的培养菌株进行药物敏感性实验和菌种鉴定,并用统计学方法分析耐药谱和耐药率。结果 1 731株结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis,MTB)中, 18.26%(316/1 731)菌株至少对一种受试药物耐药,一线药物、二线药物、单耐药、多耐药、耐多药、广泛耐药、利福平耐药的耐药率分别是14.96%(259/1 731)、4.97%(86/1 731)、11.84%(205/1 731)、3.81%(66/1 731)、2.60%(45/1 731)、0.06%(1/1 731)、3.24%(56/1 731),共28种耐药谱。初治患者耐药率与复治患者耐药率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。比较2011年、2015年、2018-2019年这3个时间段,一线药物的总耐药率、初治患者耐药率、复治患者耐药率以及耐多药的总耐药率和复治耐药率均呈现下降趋势(均P<0.05)。二线药物OFX的总耐药率和初治患者耐药率较2015年升高(P<0.05)。60岁以上的结核病患者占比最大(47.95%)。7个区县的耐药率存在差异。结论 2011-2019年杭州市区县结核病定点医院收治的结核病人的耐药率逐年下降,目前采取的防控措施切实有效。今后要重点关注耐药率较高区县的耐药病人和40~60岁耐药病人的治疗和管控,加强老年人结核病的防控。