Reconstruction of coronoid process of the ulna: a literature review

As a pivotal part of the elbow joint structure, the coronoid process of the ulna plays a vital role in maintaining elbow joint stability. Loss of coronoid process height causes instability of the elbow joint depending on the fracture characteristics and size. The diagnosis and treatment of coronoid process fractures has gained widespread attention from orthopedic surgeons. Nevertheless, few reports have described reconstruction of coronoid process fractures and defects that affect elbow joint stability. Treatment of elbow joint instability induced by coronoid process defects is challenging because most cases are complicated by other elbow joint injuries. Moreover, the clinical efficacy remains unclear. The present narrative review was performed to examine the research progress on reconstruction of the coronoid process. The findings of this review provide evidence for clinical repair and reconstruction of coronoid process defects and contribute to the published literature on this topic.     

Transcriptional Regulation of YP3680 by Rov A and Rcs AB in Yersinia pestis biovar Microtus

<正>Type-VI secretion system(T6SS) is a widespread bacteriophage-like complex in bacteria that participates in multiple physiological processes,including metal ion uptake, bacterial competition,and biofilm formation^[1]. Yersinia pestis is the causative agent of plague. There are five T6SS gene clusters in Y. pestis CO92,     

MPF-net: An effective framework for automated cobb angle estimation

In clinical practice, the Cobb angle is the gold standard for idiopathic scoliosis assessment, which can provide an important reference for clinicians to make surgical plan and give medical care to patients. Currently, the Cobb angle is measured manually on both anterior-posterior(AP) view X-rays and lateral(LAT) view X-rays. The clinicians first find four landmarks on each vertebra, and then they extend the line from landmarks and measure the Cobb angle by rules. The whole process is time-consuming and subjective, so that the automated Cobb angle estimation is required for efficient and reliable Cobb angle measurement. The noise in X-rays and the occlusion of vertebras are the main difficulties for automated Cobb angle estimation, and it is challenging to utilize the information between the multi-view X-rays of the same patient. Addressing these problems, in this paper, we propose an effective framework named MPF-net by using deep learning methods for automated Cobb angle estimation. We combine a vertebra detection branch and a landmark prediction branch based on the backbone convolutional neural network, which can provide the bounded area for landmark prediction. Then we propose a proposal correlation module to utilize the information between neighbor vertebras, so that we can find the vertebras hidden by ribcage and arms on LAT X-rays. We also design a feature fusion module to utilize the information in both AP and LAT X-rays for better performance. The experiment results on 2738 pair of X-rays show that our proposed MPF-net achieves precise vertebra detection and landmark prediction performance, and we get impressive 3.52 and 4.05 circular mean absolute errors on AP and LAT X-rays respectively, which is much better than previous methods. Therefore, we can provide clinicians with automated, efficient and reliable Cobb angle measurement.     

Psychopathological symptoms associated with psychosocial functioning in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders and their typically developing peers

Children and adolescents with autism have increased prevalence of psychosocial disabilities. Studies in autism indicate that key psychosocial factors including adaptive functioning, school absence, special needs education, frequency of peer socialization and participation in organized leisure activities may differ in their relationship with autistic, internalizing and externalizing symptoms, but the findings are so far mixed. Therefore, we examined if these measures of psychosocial functioning displayed specific associations with autistic, internalizing and/or externalizing symptoms in 61 children with autism aged 7–14 years compared to 61 typically developing controls. Multiple linear regression analyses across all participants showed that lower adaptive functioning, frequency of peer socialization and participation in leisure activities were driven by more social communication problems and not internalizing, externalizing or autistic-like symptoms including rigidity, stereotypy and sensory sensitivity. Notably, increased school absence was specifically driven by more internalizing symptoms and not autistic or externalizing symptoms. These associations were observed across all participants, both children with autism and their typically developing peers, and therefore appear to be dimensional and general in nature. Within the autism group, children who received special needs education displayed fewer social communication problems compared to those who attended regular education, while a developmental history of social interaction problems was related to lower adaptive functioning. Our findings suggest that social communication problems are more critical for psychosocial functioning than other autistic-like behaviors, internalizing or externalizing symptoms but that efforts to reduce school absence specifically need to target internalizing symptoms and not autistic-like or externalizing symptoms.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间骨科急症处理原则的专家共识

自2019年12月以来,湖北省武汉市部分医院相继收治多个有华南海鲜市场暴露史的不明原因肺炎病例[1]。患者症状多为发热、乏力、干咳并逐渐出现呼吸困难,部分重症患者出现了急性呼吸窘迫综合征或脓毒症休克、甚至病死。2020年1月7日,我国研究人员首次从患者标本中检测出一种新型冠状病毒[2]。2020年1月20日,中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会发布2020年1号公告,将新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎纳入乙类传染病,并按照甲类传染病进行防疫、控制[3]。世界卫生组织将新型冠状病毒肺炎命名为"COVID-19"[4]。     

氨甲环酸联合不同抗凝药对全膝关节置换术围手术期失血量的影响

目的 探讨氨甲环酸与不同抗凝药联用对全膝关节置换术围手术期失血量的影响。 方法 纳入2014年10月至2019年10月初次行全膝关节置换术并符合标准的158例膝骨性关节炎患者,按氨甲环酸注射方法及术后使用抗凝药分为4组：A组,术中静脉注射氨甲环酸＋术后利伐沙班抗凝;B组,术中静脉注射氨甲环酸＋术后依诺肝素抗凝;C组,术中静脉＋局部注射氨甲环酸＋术后利伐沙班抗凝;D组,术中静脉＋局部注射氨甲环酸＋术后依诺肝素抗凝。各组患者一般情况、术前准备、手术方式及术后处理一致,比较其失血量、凝血功能、输血及围手术期不良事件的发生率。 结果 联合使用氨甲环酸的患者能有效控制总出血量、显性出血量、输血率及血浆D二聚体;术后使用利伐沙班或依诺肝素抗凝,出血量、输血率及围手术期不良事件发生率相当。 结论 TKA术中应用氨甲环酸静脉＋局部注射能有效减少围手术期的失血量、输血率及血浆D二聚体;术后使用利伐沙班或依诺肝素进行抗凝,两者对失血量及围手术期不良事件发生率的影响无明显差异。