Femoropopliteal Arterial Dissections Following FLEX VP and Balloon Angioplasty Versus Balloon Angioplasty Alone: Intravascular Ultrasound Assessment and Correlation With Angiographic Findings

BackgroundThe Flex VP is a longitudinal micro-incision catheter approved for vessel prepping of femoropopliteal arteries and arteriovenous fistulas. In this study, we evaluated the presence of deep dissections (adventitia) using IVUS in patients undergoing Flex VP followed by angioplasty (PTA) versus PTA alone.Methods17 patients (20 limbs) with femoropopliteal artery (FP) disease were prospectively and consecutively included (10 limbs received PTA followed by 10 limbs that received FLEX VP microincision catheter treatment followed by adjunctive PTA). Dissections post PTA, FLEX VP and FLEX VP+ PTA were evaluated using intravascular ultrasound (iDissection classification) and angiographically (NHLBI classification) by core laboratory. The evaluated segment of the vessel was prespecified at 10 cm at the most severe lesion location. Statistical differences were analyzed between the 2 groups at each appropriate procedural point for dissections, minimal luminal diameter (MLD), minimal luminal area (MLA), and residual stenosis. Statistical significance was determined by a p-value <0.05.ResultsBaseline demographics and angiographic variables were similar between the PTA vs FLEX VP + PTA groups with the exception of more males (87.5 % vs 33.3 %, p = 0.0274) and longer treated length (median 300 mm vs 150 mm, p = 0.0240) in the FLEX VP + PTA group. Lesion length, chronic total occlusions, angiographic and IVUS evaluated segment length for dissections, calcium severity and final balloon pressures and inflation duration were all similar between the 2 groups. Angiographic dissections were similar between the 2 groups but the increase in severe dissections from index to post POBA on IVUS (involving the adventitia) were significantly more for PTA when compared to FLEX VP + PTA (0 to 12 and 0 to 1 respectively, p = 0.0353). Bailout stenting was statistically similar for PTA as compared to FLEX VP + PTA per core lab evaluation (50 % vs 20 %, p = 0.3498). Minimal luminal area (MLA) gain by IVUS was similar between the 2 groups following FLEX VP + PTA vs PTA (7.4 mm² vs 6.5 mm², p = 0.7250). No serious major adverse events occurred in either group.ConclusionVessel prepping with the FLEX VP + PTA vs PTA yielded lower rates of adventitial dissections as seen on IVUS. The long-term outcomes of these findings remain unclear.     

Bio-accumulation and health risk assessment of heavy metals in different edible fish species from Hurghada City,Red Sea,Egypt

BackgroundHeavy metal contamination has become a serious issue in this century especially detected in fish organs. Due to the presence of radioactive compounds in agricultural and sewage effluent, which destroys aquatic ecosystems, threatening human livelihoods. Health hazards associated with low and high consumption consumers assessed in five commercial fish species collected from Hurghada City, Egypt, during winter and summer, 2020. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer technique used for determination heavy meals in different organs and expressed as μg/g wet weight.ResultsHeavy metal concentrations in muscle ranged between:(0.054–0.109), (0.260–1.043), (0.264–0.897), (5.895–11.898), (0.381–0.970), (13.582–29.133) and (0.332–0.589) µg/g for Cd, Pb, Mn, Zn, Cu, Fe and Ni respectively, which were lower than those of gills and liver. These concentrations were within WHO, FAO/WHO, and EU standards. Consumption of edible species was lower than the (TDIs) established by the (JECFA) and Egyptian Standards. Even though THQ and TTHQ values were < 1 while, in children with highly consumer were> 1.ConclusionThis study concluded that intake of Red Sea fish is safe for human health. It is critical for consumers to be aware of the consequences of excessive fish consumption, particularly children with highly consumer, which represent possible health risks.     

辽宁省城乡居民脑卒中疾病负担分析

目的探讨辽宁省城乡居民脑卒中疾病负担的水平及其分布特征、方法根据辽宁省2003年城乡居民脑卒中患病率和死亡率资料,采用全球疾病负担(GBD)分析方法计算脑卒中的伤残调整寿命年(DALY)。结果2003年辽宁省每千人因脑卒中损失17．2个健康生命年,脑卒中引起的DALY损失农村高于城市(18．8∶14．1),男性高于女性(20．2∶14．1)。结论辽宁省脑卒中每千人DALY是GBD2000对中国估计的1．6倍,农村和男性是脑卒中防治的重点。     

2016—2019年瓦房店地区公共场所公共用品用具卫生状况分析

目的 分析大连市瓦房店地区在2016—2019年公共场所公共用具卫生状况,为卫生监督管理提供依据。方法 按照国家双随机抽检要求,2016—2019年在大连市瓦房店地区内抽查公共场所共计352家,进行微生物指标监测和分析。结果 2016—2019年共抽检公共用品用具1 057份,微生物指标合格率92.62%(978/1 057),四年间合格率差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.98,P=0.046),以2018年最高,为94.61%(158/167);不同种类公共用品用具微生物指标合格率差异有统计学意义(χ2=18.55,P<0.001),其中毛巾最低,为87.34%(276/316);不同公共场所微生物指标合格率差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.42,P=0.003),以沐浴场所微生物指标合格率最低,为50.00(3/6)。结论 大连市瓦房店地区公共场所公共用品用具的卫生状况整体良好,沐浴场所以及毛巾类样品超标严重,需要加强消毒管理。     

电离辐射对放射工作者职业健康的影响

目的 分析放射工作者外周血象、淋巴细胞微核及染色体畸变情况,为放射工作者职业防护和健康监测提供依据。方法 对2015年、2017年和2019年连续3次接受健康检查的127名放射工作者进行淋巴细胞微核、染色体及血象分析,将其设为放射组。另外选取133名无射线接触史的医务人员设为对照组;结果 放射组中淋巴细胞微核率和染色体畸变率高于对照组,白细胞和血小板计数低于对照组,均具有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。127名放射工作者外周血白细胞总数随着接触电离辐射时间的增长逐渐降低,染色体畸变率逐渐增加,均具有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。损害工龄大于20年的放射工作者染色体畸变率高于低工龄组,不同损害工龄之间比较无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。核医学与介入治疗工种染色体畸变率高于其他工种,具有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论 长时间接触低剂量电离辐射可使放射工作者白细胞总数降低和淋巴细胞染色体畸变率增加,应加强放射工作者防护措施以备降低电离辐射损伤程度,特别要加强核医学和介入治疗放射工作人员的职业防护。     

辽宁省居民高血压合并糖尿病患病率及影响因素分析

目的 了解辽宁省居民高血压合并糖尿病患病情况,并探讨其相关危险因素,为制定有针对性的防制策略和措施提供科学依据。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样的方法选取6个区县作为研究现场,对5397名年龄在35~75岁居民进行问卷调查、体格检查及实验室检测。根据高血压和/或糖尿病诊断标准,将调查对象分为非高血压非糖尿病组（28274例）、高血压非糖尿病组（15614例）、糖尿病非高血压组（3450例）及高血压合并糖尿病组（6159例）。应用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计分析,计量资料采用t检验,计数资料采用卡方检验,利用logistic回归模型进行危险因素分析。结果 辽宁省高血压合并糖尿病患病率为11.51%,其中男性患病率10.97%,女性患病率11.99%。多因素分析结果显示,女性（OR=1.371,95%CI=1.277~1.471）、高年龄（45~54岁组:OR=2.207,95%CI=1.987~2.452;55~64岁组:OR=4.388,95%CI=3.960~4.862;65~75岁组:OR=6.194,95%CI=5.553~6.909）、吸烟（OR=1.134,95%CI=1.039~1.238）、饮酒（OR=2.020,95%CI=1.811~2.253）、超重（OR=1.761,95%CI=1.637~1.893）、肥胖（OR=3.580,95%CI=3.290~3.895）、TC偏高（OR=1.433,95%CI=1.261~1.629）、TG偏高（OR=2.048,95%CI=1.905~2.200）、LDL-C偏高（OR=1.424,95%CI=1.226~1.654）、HDL-C偏低（OR=1.166,95%CI=1.081~1.258）均为高血压合并糖尿病患者的危险因素（P<0.01）,高收入（OR=0.746,95%CI=0.672~0.829）为保护性因素（P<0.01）。结论 辽宁省35~75岁居民高血压合并糖尿病患病率较高,应加强对重点人群的干预,提倡健康生活方式,戒烟限酒,降低高血压合并糖尿病的患病风险。     

辽宁省1999-2005年度流感病原学监测

目的 分析辽宁省1999-2005年度流感的病原学及流行特征。方法 在流行季节采集咽拭子用鸡胚和细胞分离方法，进行间接血凝抑制试验。结果 1999年11月至2005年3月末，辽宁省及省内其他6市疾病预防控制中心（CDC）共采集咽拭子标本2713份，分离流感病毒188株，平均分离率为7．0％；其中辽宁省CDC和大连市CDC共采集标本1466份，分离病毒167份，平均分离率为11．4％；在2002年以前均分离到A3、A1和B型，且B型为Yamagata谱系；2002年后再未见A1型出现，A3与B型优势并重，且抗原分析显示B型已与Victoria谱系更类似。辽宁省作为北方省在中国．WHO第一个五年流感监测项目中只进行秋冬季监测，发现流行期出现在当年11月份至次年2月份。结论 辽宁省不同年份流感病原学监测结果的分析对于了解辽宁省流感流行特点、亚型漂移、对流感乃至禽流感的监测与预防控制具有重要意义。     

辽宁省成年居民吸烟现状分析

目的了解辽宁省不同人群吸烟现状，为开展控烟工作提供依据。方法按经济发展水平及类型将辽宁分为大城市、中小城市、一类农村、三类农村四层，采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取20岁及以上居民作为调查对象。按知情同意原则，采用问卷调查方法。结果共调查8119人，城市4739人，占58．4％，农村3380人，占41．6％；男性3605人，占44．4％，女性4514人，占55．6％。20岁以上人群吸烟率、现在吸烟率、常吸烟率、重型吸烟率分别为30．0％，29．6％，28．7％，13．6％。男性吸烟率、现在吸烟率、常吸烟率、重型吸烟率均高于女性，经x^2检验，差别有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。吸烟率从20岁～组逐渐上升，50岁～组以后略降。农村吸烟率高于城市，城市女性吸烟率高于农村女性，城市男性吸烟率低于农村男性，经x^2检验，差别均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。不同文化程度、职业、经济收入的人群吸烟率比较，经x^2检验，差别均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。在吸烟者中，开始吸烟年龄（中位数）男性为20．0岁，女性为27．0岁，男性早于女性。吸烟量（中位数）男性为17支／d，女性为10支／d，男性高于女性；城市人群为14支／d，农村人群为17支／d，农村高于城市。吸过滤嘴香烟者最多，占74．6％。女性吸过滤嘴香烟者（69．7％）低于男性（75．2%），吸无过滤嘴香烟、手卷烟、烟斗、雪茄者均高于男性。农村人群吸无过滤嘴香烟、过滤嘴香烟者低于城市，吸手卷烟、烟斗、雪茄者高于城市。城市人群复吸率高于农村，经x^2检验，差别有统计学意义（x^2=21．86，P〈0．01）；男性复吸率低于女性，经x^2检验，差别有统计学意义（x^2=11．53，P〈0．01）。结论应加强对目标人群和青少年关于吸烟有害的宣传教育，使人们认识到吸烟的危害，以及戒烟对健康的重要性。