排序方式: 共有53条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
神经根损伤后慢性疼痛发生的分子机制 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
根性神经痛是临床常见病,主要因腰神经根受某种原因的伤害性刺激而引起,如腰椎间盘突出和腰椎管狭窄对神经根的机械性压迫和自体髓核刺激。背根神经节(dorsal root ganglion,DRG),又称脊神经节,是脊髓两侧脊神经背根上的膨大部分,主要由感觉神经细胞和神经纤维构成,神经元的胞体多位于浅层,而神经纤维主要在深层。DRG内以假单极 相似文献
42.
目前发现,除了神经干细胞、骨髓或其他来源的间充质干细胞、嗅神经鞘细胞以及胚胎干细胞和脐血干细胞以外,皮肤来源、脂肪组织来源的干细胞、许旺细胞、胶质细胞和成纤维细胞等均可用于脊髓损伤的细胞移植治疗。体内标记示踪以及超微结构、免疫组织化学和影像学等检查显示,移植后的干细胞在神经系统内可以迁移,在病变部位聚集、存活、分化成为神经前体细胞或神经细胞、星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞,分别表达其特征性标志物,并与周围组织整合,轴索再生并有新的髓鞘覆盖,使病变的囊腔缩小,宿主的感觉/运动功能改善。神经营养因子在干细胞的培养、增殖、分化以及轴索的再生和再髓鞘化等过程中发挥着重要作用。 相似文献
43.
目的:观察骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗脑梗死的临床疗效和安全性.方法:本院2003-06/2008-06收治的脑梗死患者120例,均符合1995年全国第四届脑血管病会议制定的诊断标准,随机分为4组:对照组、单纯干细胞动员组、单纯干细胞移植组、联合组,30例/组.对照组采用常规药物治疗与康复训练;单纯干细胞动员组在对照组治疗的基础上,给予重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子150 μg腹部皮下注射;单纯干细胞移植组在对照组治疗的基础上,经静脉移植自体骨髓间充质干细胞(16.2~51.3)×108;联合组综合上述3组方法进行治疗.结果:①与对照组比较,治疗后4周、12周、6个月单纯干细胞动员组、单纯干细胞移植组、联合组Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分、功能独立性评定量表评分均显著好转(P<0.05或P<0.01):且联合组治疗效果最佳,疗效明显优于单纯干细胞动员组、单纯干细胞移植组(P<0.05).②治疗后14 d内,单纯干细胞动员组未发现任何不良反应;单纯干细胞移植组发热4例,体温均在38℃以下,且24h后体温恢复正常,轻微头痛3例,未行治疗24 h后缓解;联合组发热5例,体温均在38℃以下,且24 h后体温恢复正常,轻微头痛3例,未行治疗24 h后缓解.结论:骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗脑梗死近期疗效明显,不良反应较少. 相似文献
44.
BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate exhibits a remarkable neuroprotective effect.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate on astrocytes in an interleukin-6 (IL-6) overexpressing mice following local cerebral ischemia.
DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized, cytological, controlled, animal study was performed in the Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Neurology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina from January 2005 to March 2005.
MATERIALS: Nine IL-6 transgenic mice, irrespective of gender, were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operated, model, and treatment, with three mice in each group. With exception of the sham-operated group, right middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced in the mice. Expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein, an astrocyte marker, was determined by immunohistochemistry. Low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate was purchased from Biochemistry and Biotechnique Institute, Shandong University.
METHODS: Two minutes prior to ischemia induction, 0.5 mL/kg saline or 20 000 U/kg low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate were administrated via the femoral artery in the model group and treatment group, respectively. The sham-operated group underwent the same protocols, with the exception of occlusion and treatment.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The number of glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells was quantified under light microscopy (x200).
RESULTS: In the sham-operated group, there were a large number of astrocytes in the IL-6 transgenic mice. However, the cell bodies were small, and the branches were few and thin. The number of astrocytes in the model group was remarkably less than the sham-operated group. Compared to the model and sham-operated groups, the number of astrocytes significantly increased, and the cell body became larger, following treatment with low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate. Astrocytes exhibited hypertrophy and hyperplasia, and the processes became longer and thicker.
CONCLUSION: The low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate may provide neuroprotection through astrocytic activation at the super-early stage of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. 相似文献
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate on astrocytes in an interleukin-6 (IL-6) overexpressing mice following local cerebral ischemia.
DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized, cytological, controlled, animal study was performed in the Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Neurology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina from January 2005 to March 2005.
MATERIALS: Nine IL-6 transgenic mice, irrespective of gender, were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operated, model, and treatment, with three mice in each group. With exception of the sham-operated group, right middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced in the mice. Expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein, an astrocyte marker, was determined by immunohistochemistry. Low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate was purchased from Biochemistry and Biotechnique Institute, Shandong University.
METHODS: Two minutes prior to ischemia induction, 0.5 mL/kg saline or 20 000 U/kg low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate were administrated via the femoral artery in the model group and treatment group, respectively. The sham-operated group underwent the same protocols, with the exception of occlusion and treatment.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The number of glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells was quantified under light microscopy (x200).
RESULTS: In the sham-operated group, there were a large number of astrocytes in the IL-6 transgenic mice. However, the cell bodies were small, and the branches were few and thin. The number of astrocytes in the model group was remarkably less than the sham-operated group. Compared to the model and sham-operated groups, the number of astrocytes significantly increased, and the cell body became larger, following treatment with low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate. Astrocytes exhibited hypertrophy and hyperplasia, and the processes became longer and thicker.
CONCLUSION: The low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate may provide neuroprotection through astrocytic activation at the super-early stage of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. 相似文献
45.
兔腰神经根慢性压迫后超短波的治疗作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 观察兔腰神经根慢性压迫后次日开始应用超短波共治疗 1 0次的效果。方法 纯种新西兰成年兔 2 8只 ,4只作神经定位解剖 ,其余 2 4只全部做手术造成腰神经慢性压迫 ,随机分成 2组 ,未处理组和超短波组 ,每组又分 1 0d组、30d组和 1 80d组。压迫模型 :将硅胶管从椎间外孔缓慢塞入椎间管内 ,压迫腰 6和腰 7左侧神经根直到实验兔被处死 ,右侧为自身对照侧。电生理测定潜伏时 (latency,Lat)和神经传导速度 (nerveconductionvelocity,NCV)。脉冲超短波于手术后的次日开始应用 ,无热量 ,1 0min,对置 ,治疗间隙 3cm ,每日一次 ,共 1 0次。结果 未处理组中 1 0d组神经根手术侧与非手术侧比较 ,潜伏时和神经传导速度均无差异 ;而 30d组与 1 80d组的潜伏时显著延长、神经传导速度显著减慢。超短波治疗的神经传导速度 1 0d组的 1 2 .31± 2 .41m/s逐渐恢复到 1 80d组的 1 6.78± 1 .36m/s(t=3 .2 4 ,P <0 .0 5) ,与非手术侧的 1 7.69± 1 .2 4m/s基本无差异 (t=0 .1 8,P <0 .0 5)。而未处理组的神经传导速度为 1 1 .2 6±1 .2 5m/s,虽有逐渐恢复的趋势但仍明显慢于非手术侧的1 8.0 7± 1 .36m/s(t=3 .65,P <0 .0 5)。结论 腰神经根慢性受压后 ,由于其可塑性 ,存在自行恢复的能力。若早期应用超短波治疗能及 相似文献
46.
目的:观察体外冲击波对脑卒中肩手综合征患者的治疗作用。方法:脑卒中肩手综合征患者60例,随机分为2组各30例,均给予常规康复训练包括运动疗法、作业疗法、中频脉冲电治疗、气压治疗和针灸等治疗。观察组加用体外冲击波治疗,对照组加用超声波治疗。治疗前后采用视觉模拟量表(VAS)、Fugl-Meyer上肢运动功能评分(FAM)评价疗效。结果:治疗4周后,2组VAS评分均较治疗前呈明显下降趋势(P0.01),且观察组显著低于对照组(P0.05);2组Fugl-Meyer上肢运动功能评分均较治疗前呈明显上升趋势(P0.01),且观察组显著高于对照组(P0.05);治疗后,观察组总有效率明显高于对照组(93.3%、76.7%,P0.05)。结论:体外冲击波治疗可以改善脑卒中患者肩手综合症的相关症状,促进患者上肢功能恢复,且疗效优于超声波治疗。 相似文献
47.
脑卒中偏瘫患者康复期抑郁、生活质量的相关因素研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的探讨脑卒中偏瘫患者康复期抑郁情绪与生活质量的关系,及其与生理和社会因素的关系。方法采用自编一般状况调查表、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HRSD)、脑卒中专用生活质量量表(SS-QOL),对61例脑卒中偏瘫患者的生理与社会因素、抑郁情绪以及生活质量进行评定,并进行三者间的相关分析。结果(1)脑卒中抑郁患者SS-QOL评分明显低于无抑郁患者(P<0.01);(2)HRSD评分中除个别因素外,均与SS-QOL各项评分呈负相关(r=-0.773,P<0.01);(3)社会因素中,社会支持对抑郁的影响最大,其次是月收入,再次为受教育程度;(4)生活质量的重要影响因素有社会支持、并发症及病程。结论(1)脑卒中偏瘫患者康复期的抑郁情绪能直接导致生活质量的明显下降;(2)有效的社会支持、合并症的控制及相关心理健康知识的学习是改善脑卒中偏瘫患者康复期抑郁情绪、提高生活质量的主要措施。 相似文献
48.
自体骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗脑梗死:6个月随访 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:观察骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗脑梗死的临床疗效和安全性。
方法:本院2003-06/2008-06收治的脑梗死患者120例,均符合1995年全国第四届脑血管病会议制定的诊断标准,随机分为4组:对照组、单纯干细胞动员组、单纯干细胞移植组、联合组,30例/组。对照组采用常规药物治疗与康复训练;单纯干细胞动员组在对照组治疗的基础上,给予重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子150 μg腹部皮下注射;单纯干细胞移植组在对照组治疗的基础上,经静脉移植自体骨髓间充质干细胞(16.2~51.3)×108;联合组综合上述3组方法进行治疗。
结果:①与对照组比较,治疗后4周、12周、6个月单纯干细胞动员组、单纯干细胞移植组、联合组Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分、功能独立性评定量表评分均显著好转(P < 0.05或P < 0.01);且联合组治疗效果最佳,疗效明显优于单纯干细胞动员组、单纯干细胞移植组(P < 0.05)。②治疗后14 d内,单纯干细胞动员组未发现任何不良反应;单纯干细胞移植组发热4例,体温均在38 ℃以下,且24 h后体温恢复正常,轻微头痛3例,未行治疗24 h后缓解;联合组发热5例,体温均在38 ℃以下,且24 h后体温恢复正常,轻微头痛3例,未行治疗24 h后缓解。
结论:骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗脑梗死近期疗效明显,不良反应较少。 相似文献
49.
目的:观察自体骨髓单个核细胞移植治疗脊髓损伤患者的近期疗效及其安全性。方法:34例脊髓损伤患者,采用随机表法分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组16例,对照组18例,均经CT或MRI确诊并行手术或非手术治疗。两组在年龄、病程、损伤程度(ASIA分级)等方面均具有可比性(P>0.05)。患者知情同意并签署知情同意书。治疗组在综合康复治疗的基础上给予自体骨髓单个核细胞(mononuclear cells,MNCs)治疗,经髂骨穿刺采集自体骨髓,分离提取骨髓单个核细胞后经静脉途径和/或蛛网膜下腔1次性或分次注射。对照组仅给予综合康复治疗。两组均于入院当天、治疗后第7、15、30、60、90天进行运动与感觉功能、日常生活活动能力、膀胱功能评定。结果:①治疗组感觉、运动和膀胱功能均有改善,但与对照组比较差异无显著性意义;②ASIA分级评定:治疗组共有5例患者在第90天评估中分别提高1—2级,对照组4例患者在第90天评估中分别提高1级;③MNCs移植的不良反应包括蛛网膜下腔移植后出现低热9例,头痛4例,腹胀1例;1例患者在注射后出现双下肢麻木、脑膜刺激征。经对症处理均于72h内消失。结论:自体骨髓MNCs移植治疗脊髓损伤近期有一定疗效而且安全,但远期疗效有待于进一步观察。 相似文献
50.
骨关节炎多发于老年人,是一种常见的慢性关节疾病,又称为骨关节病、退行性关节炎等;其特征是关节软骨的退变以及骨质增生。骨关节炎可严重影响人类健康,降低生活质量。据世界卫生组织统计,目前全世界共有3.55亿骨关节疾病患者:每25人中就有1人患有骨关节炎。 相似文献