Prognostic validity of the American joint committee on cancer eighth edition staging system for well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors

BackgroundThe American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) made improvements for staging pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) in its 8th Edition; however, multicenter studies were not included.MethodsWe collected multicenter datasets (n = 1,086, between 2004 and 2018) to validate the value of AJCC 8 and other coexisting staging systems through univariate and multivariate analysis for well-differentiated (G1/G2) pNETs.ResultsCompared to other coexisting staging systems, AJCC 7 only included 12 (1.1%) patients with stage III tumors. Patients with European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) stage IIB disease had a higher risk of death than patients with stage IIIA (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.376 vs. 4.322). For the modified ENETS staging system, patients with stage IIB disease had a higher risk of death than patients with stage III (HR: 6.078 vs. 5.341). According to AJCC 8, the proportions of patients with stage I, II, III, and IV were 25.7%, 40.3%, 23.6%, and 10.4%, respectively. As the stage advanced, the median survival time decreased (NA, 144.7, 100.8, 72.0 months, respectively), and the risk of death increased (HR: II = 3.145, III = 5.925, and IV = 8.762).ConclusionThese findings suggest that AJCC 8 had a more reasonable proportional distribution and the risk of death was better correlated with disease stage.     

胸腔镜下心包厚壁囊肿切除术1例报告

面对来势汹汹的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19),如何能够正确、快速诊断和筛检出确诊病例显得尤为重要,国内诸多科技工作者都在积极开展相关的诊断试验研究。本文回顾了目前正在开展的十余项诊断试验的注册信息,针对其中存在的共性问题进行了讨论,重点阐述了如何使用PICOS原则构造COVID-19诊断试验的研究问题,还对金标准的设置、受试者的代表性、样本量计算和同步、独立、盲法的测定等诊断试验的设计要点进行了详细说明。旨在为广大研究者提供开展COVID-19诊断试验的设计建议,帮助研究者在顶层设计阶段减少、避免偏倚,完成高质量的临床研究,为临床诊疗提供循证医学证据。     

腹腔镜肝癌根治术的热点与未来发展

随着腹腔镜肝切除技术的发展与推广，腹腔镜肝切除中的一些难点，如术中出血的控制、解剖性肝切除、巨大肝癌切除、腹腔镜下联合肝脏分割与门静脉支结扎的二步肝切除术(ALPPS)等方面均基本解决。术中超声与荧光染色技术也得到普及。本文就上述问题做一概述，并对腹腔镜肝切除未来发展提出思路，以进一步推动我国腹腔镜肝切除的技术进步。     

8种寄生虫病例分析

本文报道并分析8例寄生虫病例,其中包括脑裂头蚴病、眼部裂头蚴病、肺吸虫幼虫移行症、肺吸虫病、钩虫病、肝吸虫病、包虫病和广州管圆线虫病各1例。8例寄生虫病均有不同程度的误诊,其中6例在寄生虫抗体筛查检测阳性后得以确诊。因此,寄生虫病应引起临床医生的重视,抗体筛查有助于发现寄生虫病例。     

Neprilysin基因在大鼠体外培养骨髓基质细胞中的表达

目的探讨人Neprilysin基因在小鼠MSCs中的表达情况。方法分离培养小鼠MSCs，采用分子克隆技术构建Neprilysin—pEGFP重组质粒，将此Neprilysin—pEGFP重组质粒用脂质体转染进MSCs中，在荧光倒置显微镜下观察该基因在MSCs中的表达效率。结果经酶切鉴定得到系列正确的重组Neprilysin—pEGFP。Neprilysin可在MSCs中表达且通过脂质体传染的效率是20％。结论获得了表达Neprilysin基因的骨髓基质细胞，为进一步探讨将该细胞用于阿尔茨海默病基因治疗的可能性研究提供了技术基础。     

经口摄入高硒镉对大鼠肝,肾组织中镉,锌,铜含量影响的研究

选用4周龄SD大鼠,经口染毒高硒(5.68mg/kg)、富硒(0.73mg/kg)和(或)高镉(33.3mg/kg)12周,并分别在实验的第3、6、9、12周末各处死一批大鼠,研究经口摄入高硒高镉对大鼠肝、肾组织中镉、锌、铜含量的影响。结果表明:同时摄入高硒高镉组大鼠体内镉蓄积明显低于单纯摄入高镉组;对单独摄入高硒、高镉所诱导的大鼠肝脏锌含量增加表现为拮抗作用;对单独摄入高硒所致大鼠肾脏锌含量降低的影响表现为拮抗作用;对单独摄入高硒、高镉所致大鼠肾脏铜含量增加的影响表现为协同作用。     

我国艾滋病健康教育现状分析

分析我国艾滋病健康教育的现状，指出目前艾滋病健康教育方面所存在的问题和不足，并从加大艾滋病健康教育投入、实施综合干预、借鉴国外理论、建立评价指标体系等方面提出优化的方法和途径。     

25例垂体ACTH腺瘤的临床分析

目的分析和探讨垂体促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)腺瘤的临床特点和治疗方法。方法回顾性分析从2004年1月至2006年3月在我院接受治疗的25例垂体ACTH腺瘤患者的临床特点、治疗经过及预后。结果垂体ACTH腺瘤患者的临床症状和肿瘤的大小密切相关,微腺瘤(直径≤10 mm)患者以Cushing综合症征为主要临床表现,而大腺瘤(直径>10 mm)患者则以压迫症状为主。有无Cushing综合征的表现和腺瘤的直径呈负相关(P<0.05)。本组25例垂体ACTH腺瘤中21例具有侵袭性。垂体ACTH腺瘤患者主要以育后女性为主。该病首次经蝶手术后近期疗效显著。结论垂体ACTH大腺瘤以压迫症状为主,微腺瘤则以Cushing综合征表现为主。该肿瘤大多数具有侵袭性倾向,育后女性是高危人群。经蝶显微手术是垂体ACTH腺瘤的首选治疗方法。     

Investigation of Direct Causes of Drug Relapse and Abstainers’ Demands in a Compulsive Detoxification Center in Wuhan City of China

Objective To identify the direct causes of drug relapse and abstainers’ demand, and to develop programs for the prevention of drug relapse. Methods Abstainers in a Compulsive Detoxification Center in Wuhan City, capital of Hubei Province were randomly selected. An investigation on the direct causes of drug relapse and abstainers’ demands was conducted with multiple-choice questionnaires and face to face interviews. Data were analyzed with SPSS 12.0. Results The direct causes leading to drug relapse included: temptation to use drug again by themselves or by their drug mates, seeking pleasure and ecstasy from drug use, relatively well off living, mental stress, irritation, demoralization, family conflicts, unemployment, feeling distrusted by the family, lack of care and love from the family, and discrimination by others. abstainers’ demands after detoxification and returning to the society included: care and support from the family, employment assistance, changing living environment, understanding by others, support from the society, and keeping far away from drugs. Conclusions Environmental factors are the direct causes of drug relapse, and negative irritation is its predisposing causes. Leaving former residence, more care and help given by both the family and the society and raising their overall quality of life are the demands of abstainers.