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目的：通过观察吡格列酮干预对代谢综合征患者颈动脉内中膜厚度、斑块阳性率的影响,为改善代谢综合征患者动脉重构寻找新的方法。方法：将代谢综合征患者分为对照组(n=60)和吡格列酮组(n=61),所有患者均给予降压、降胆固醇、降糖等基础治疗,吡格列酮组加用吡格列酮(15 mg/d),对照组加用安慰剂(维生素C)干预24周。采用彩色多普勒超声测量2组患者干预后颈动脉内中膜厚度及斑块阳性率,用日本日立7600-020自动生化分析仪测定空腹血清三酰甘油、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、游离脂肪酸、空腹血糖、餐后2小时血糖及肝肾功能等生化指标;分析比较干预后吡格列酮组和对照组患者颈动脉内中膜厚度、斑块阳性率及各血生化指标的差异。结果：干预后,与对照组比较,吡格列酮组患者颈动脉斑块阳性率较对照组明显降低(P<0.05),颈动脉内中膜厚度无明显差异(P>0.05),血清三酰甘油、游离脂肪酸水平降低(P<0.05),其他生化指标无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论：吡格列酮干预可改善代谢综合征组患者颈动脉重构,较基础治疗更显著地抑制其斑块形成。     

PPAR-α/γ激动剂干预对代谢综合征大鼠肾功能的影响

目的 探讨过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPAR)-α/γ激动剂干预对代谢综合征 (MS)大鼠的糖脂代谢、肾功能的影响,为保护MS患者肾功能寻找新的思路和方法.方法 高果糖饮食喂养SD大鼠构建MS大鼠模型,不同药物干预后,定期测定各组大鼠[模型对照组(MC)、非诺贝特组(FEN)、吡格列酮组(PIO)、非诺贝特+匹格列酮组(FEN+PIO)、空白对照组(NC)]的体质量、血压(SBP)、血糖(FBS)、血脂、肝肾功能等,分析各组上述指标间的差异及关系.结果 ①与NC大鼠相比较:MS大鼠SBP、FBS、尿酸(UA)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌苷(Cr)水平升高(P<0.01或P<0.05),体质量减轻(P<0.01).②与MC大鼠相比:FEN组大鼠血清UA、Cr降低(P<0.01或P<0.05);③与FEN组大鼠比较:PIO组大鼠血清UA升高(P<0.05).④与MC大鼠相比:FEN+PIO组大鼠血清UA、Cr降低(P<0.01或P<0.05).结论 FEN单用或FEN+PIO干预可降低MS大鼠的血清UA、CR,对肾功能有保护作用.单用PIO干预,比单用FEN干预,使MS大鼠的UA升高.     

脉冲Nd:YAG激光联合置管术治疗泪道阻塞性疾病疗效分析

目的 探讨脉冲Nd:YAG激光及激光联合置管术治疗泪道阻塞性疾病临床疗效.方法 回顾性病例分析.应用Nd:YAG激光及激光联合置管术治疗泪道阻塞性疾病共472例514只眼.结果 (1)泪小管阻塞的留置U形硅胶管及留置硬膜外导管的治愈率分别为75％及70％,高于单纯YAG激光的治愈率31％,P＜0.05.(2)泪总管及鼻泪管阻塞留置U形硅胶管治愈率100％,高于单纯YAG激光的治愈率65％,P＜0.05.(3)泪囊炎留置U形管、留置硬膜外导管及逆行植入人工鼻泪管的治愈率分别为55％、60％、78％,明显优于单纯YAG激光治疗.结论 单纯YAG激光对于各种原因的泪道阻塞虽然疏通率均较高,但治愈率除泪总管、鼻泪管阻塞较好外,其他均不理想,特别是对于泪囊炎疗效较差.而激光联合植入其他引流管似可在一定程度上提高各种原因泪道阻塞的短期治愈率.     

凝血因子Ⅶ及其基因多态性与冠心病

大部分的冠脉缺血性事件(包括猝死、心肌梗死和不稳定型心绞痛)是因粥样斑块破裂后触发血栓形成所致.凝血功能失调在冠心病的发病中起重要作用,尤其在外源性凝血途径中发挥主要作用,凝血因子Ⅶ(FⅦ)是该途径中起关键作用的因子.     

皮下埋植缬沙坦缓释制剂对自发性高血压大鼠血压及血药浓度的影响

［摘要］目的: 探讨皮下埋植缬沙坦缓释制剂对自发性高血压大鼠（spontaneously hypertensive rat, SHR）血压及血药浓度的影响。方法: 将缬沙坦原药装入药用硅胶管并密封制作成可皮下埋植的缓释制剂;将SHR随机分为空白对照组、埋植组、灌胃组,每组5只。空白组、埋植组大鼠分别于皮下植入空白硅胶管、缬沙坦缓释制剂（100 mg/s）,灌胃组用缬沙坦每天灌胃（16 mg/kg）,另以5只Wistar大鼠作为正常对照组行假手术。各组均干预15 d。定期测量大鼠尾动脉血压,并采集静脉血,采用超高相液相色谱串联质谱法检测缬沙坦血药浓度。结果： 干预7 d后,埋植组、灌胃组SHR收缩压均明显低于空白组SHR（P<0.05）,与正常对照组SHR无统计学差别（P>0.05）,埋植组与灌胃组SHR收缩压间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;这种趋势一直维持至干预结束。用药2 h后,埋植组SHR缬沙坦血药浓度达到稳定水平,灌胃组SHR血药浓度在服药2 h达峰值,为埋植组SHR血药浓度的4.8倍;此后,灌胃组血药浓度逐渐下降,于第24小时低于埋植组;48 h后至干预结束,灌胃组SHR血药浓度与埋植组SHR无统计学差别。结论： 与口服途径相比,皮下埋植缬沙坦缓释制剂,仅用药1次,即可达到与每天口服药物一样的目标血压长达2周,并能维持更为稳定的血药浓度。     

PKM2对人胃癌细胞HMGB1释放的影响

目的:探讨M2型丙酮酸激酶(pyruvate kinase M2,PKM2)对胃癌细胞高迁移率族蛋白B-1(high mobility group box 1,HMGB1)释放的作用。方法:通过siRNA干扰抑制人胃癌BGC823细胞PKM2的表达,Western blot检测各组细胞PKM2蛋白的表达,以评价PKM2 siRNA的转染效率;CCK-8法检测各组细胞活力,分析干扰PKM2的表达对胃癌BGC823细胞增殖的影响;Western blot检测各组细胞HMGB1的表达以及ELISA检测各组细胞培养液HMGB1的水平,分析PKM2对胃癌BGC823细胞HMGB1的作用。结果:与空载体pU6组相比,PKM2 siRNA 组PKM2的表达显著降低(P＜0.01),表明siRNA有效地抑制胃癌BGC823细胞PKM2的表达;CCK-8结果显示,PKM2 siRNA 组细胞活力明显低于空载体pU6组(P＜0.001),表明干扰PKM2抑制胃癌BGC823细胞增殖;此外,PKM2 siRNA 组HMGB1的表达以及细胞外HMGB1的水平显著降低(P＜0.01),表明干扰PKM2抑制人胃癌BGC823细胞HMGB1的释放。结论:PKM2促进人胃癌BGC823细胞HMGB1的释放。     

山楂的化学成分及药理研究进展

山楂为蔷薇科 (Rosaceae)落叶灌木或小乔木山楂 Crataeguspinnatifida Bunge、山里红 Crataegus p innatif ida Bunge var.major N.E.Br.及野山楂 Crataeg us cuneata Sieb et Zucc.的干燥成熟果实。前两种习称“北山楂”,后一种习称“南山楂”。全国各地均有栽培 ,为药食同源植物。山楂性酸、甘、味温 ,归脾、胃、肝经 ,具有消食化积、活血化瘀的功效 ,临床用于食滞不化及产后瘀阻腹痛。近年来临床常以生山楂用于高血压、冠心病及高脂血症的治疗[1]。国内近年来对于山楂及叶的化学成分、药理作用、临床应用及不良反应等方面进行了深入…     

Effects of rosiglitazone on the expression of nuclear factor-κB P65 and metalloproteinase-9 mRNA in peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages in patients with coronary artery disease

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanisms of rosiglitazone on the expressions of nuclear factor-κB and matrix metalloprotease (MMP-9) in peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) in patients with coronary heart disease. Method This was a clinical case-control study. Forty-eight actue coronary symdrome (ACS) patients (ACS group), and 20 patients with stable angina (SA) (control group) were collected. They were performed coronary arteriography in the Department of Cardiology of the Second Xiangya Hospital from March to April in 2007. Exclusion criteria included acute infection, trauma or surgery patients within four weeks, cerebral vascular accident, liver and kidney dysfunction, cancer, and so on. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and transformed into MDMs with macrophage colony-stimulating factor treatment. The transformed MDMs were randomly assigned into subgrougs and incubated with 0 /μmol/L, 1 μmol/L, 10 μmol/L, 20 μmol/L of rosiglitazone respectively. The expressions of PPAR-γ mRNA, MMP-9 mRNA were determined by RT-PCR and nuclear factor-κB P65 (NF-KB P65) expression by immunohistochemistry. Multiple comparisons were examined for significant differences using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results The basal expression of PPAR-y mRNA was lower, in contrast, the levels of NF-KB P65 and MMP-9 mRNA were higher in ACS group than control group. PPAR-γ mRNA expression were significantly upregulated in both ACS and control groups with rosiglitazone treatment. PPAR-γ mRNA expression was positive correlation, while the expressions of MMP-9 mRNA were negative correlation with the rosiglitazone concentration in the ACS group. Rosiglitazone inhibited the expression of NF-KB in a concentration-independent manner in ACS and control groups. Conclusions The expression of PPAR-y mRNA is inhibited, while the activity of NF-KB and expression of MMP-9 mRNA are enhanced in MDMs of ACS cases. Rosiglitazone intervention may inhibit NF-KB activity and MMP-9 expression by upregulation of PPAR-y expression in MDMS of patiens with ACS.     

Effects of rosiglitazone on the expression of nuclear factor-κB P65 and metalloproteinase-9 mRNA in peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages in patients with coronary artery disease

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanisms of rosiglitazone on the expressions of nuclear factor-κB and matrix metalloprotease (MMP-9) in peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) in patients with coronary heart disease. Method This was a clinical case-control study. Forty-eight actue coronary symdrome (ACS) patients (ACS group), and 20 patients with stable angina (SA) (control group) were collected. They were performed coronary arteriography in the Department of Cardiology of the Second Xiangya Hospital from March to April in 2007. Exclusion criteria included acute infection, trauma or surgery patients within four weeks, cerebral vascular accident, liver and kidney dysfunction, cancer, and so on. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and transformed into MDMs with macrophage colony-stimulating factor treatment. The transformed MDMs were randomly assigned into subgrougs and incubated with 0 /μmol/L, 1 μmol/L, 10 μmol/L, 20 μmol/L of rosiglitazone respectively. The expressions of PPAR-γ mRNA, MMP-9 mRNA were determined by RT-PCR and nuclear factor-κB P65 (NF-KB P65) expression by immunohistochemistry. Multiple comparisons were examined for significant differences using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results The basal expression of PPAR-y mRNA was lower, in contrast, the levels of NF-KB P65 and MMP-9 mRNA were higher in ACS group than control group. PPAR-γ mRNA expression were significantly upregulated in both ACS and control groups with rosiglitazone treatment. PPAR-γ mRNA expression was positive correlation, while the expressions of MMP-9 mRNA were negative correlation with the rosiglitazone concentration in the ACS group. Rosiglitazone inhibited the expression of NF-KB in a concentration-independent manner in ACS and control groups. Conclusions The expression of PPAR-y mRNA is inhibited, while the activity of NF-KB and expression of MMP-9 mRNA are enhanced in MDMs of ACS cases. Rosiglitazone intervention may inhibit NF-KB activity and MMP-9 expression by upregulation of PPAR-y expression in MDMS of patiens with ACS.