第二足趾整形后再造拇指一例

笔者于2007年2月23日,利用第二足趾整形后再造拇指毁损1例,疗效满意。1临床资料患者,男性,21岁,因电烧伤致左手拇指毁损。X线示左手拇指自掌骨远1/3处缺失(图1),残断愈合良好。大鱼际肌部分缺损。常规在硬膜外及臂丛神经麻醉下手术:①受区准备:拇指残断矢状面切口,修整第一掌骨     

股前外侧皮瓣的血管变异及处理

股前外侧皮瓣的血管变异及处理潘希贵王成琪田青业胡红军潘朝辉股前外侧皮瓣因具供皮面积大、血管口径粗、部位隐蔽等特点，已成为临床常用的皮瓣之一．自１９８６年以来，我院共应用此皮瓣１０６例，发现此皮瓣的血供来源呈多源性，肌皮穿支仍有较多的变异情况，甚至没有...     

足趾移植再造拇指与手指的手术要点及注意事项

1977～1995年共实施足趾移植再造拇指、手指495例(595指),其中再造拇指376例,拇、手指同时再造56例(128指),单纯手指再造63例(91指)。发现血管变异者96例(19.4％),其中足背动脉过细(小于1mm)18例,大隐静脉纤细(6例)、闭塞(3例)、无足背静脉弓(3例)共12例,第一跖背动脉缺如或过细者(Ⅲ型)66例。对第一跖背动脉变异作如下处理:①足底深支与跖底动脉吻合:②足底深支与趾底动脉吻合;③足底深支与跖或趾支动脉间行血管移植搭桥术;④趾—指动脉直接吻合;⑤跖动脉或趾动脉与受区血管行血管移植搭桥术。另外对保护血管内膜、解剖分离供受区血管的方法等进行了阐述。     

股骨头缺血性坏死显微外科手术治疗

目的：报道显微手术改善股骨头血液循环、促进病灶修复的疗效。方法：根据病损程度，对Ⅱ期以上者可采取带血管蒂骼骨块植入术，单纯血管束植入术，或两者并用，或再加带血运的骨膜包颈术等治疗２２６例。结果：有效率为８８．６％。结论：显微手术是当前治疗此症较好的方法。     

足外侧皮瓣的解剖研究与临床应用

1983年7月我院采用足外侧皮瓣,临床应用8例均获成功。通过124例尸体解剖学研究,证明此皮瓣的供血动脉多数来自腓动脉,少数来自胫后动脉,自外踝后方走向足外侧缘,此动脉称为跟外侧动脉。该皮瓣定为足外侧皮瓣,由小隐静脉引流,腓肠神经支配。供应皮肤范围,其后界可达外踝上方至跟腱的联线,前界可达第5跖骨底或第5趾根部,外侧可达足外侧缘,内侧占足背皮肤的外1/3。此皮瓣的优点是:(1)血管蒂长度在6cm以上,可较自由地与受区血管吻合;(2)解剖恒定,血管蒂口径在2mm以上,适于与受区血管吻合;(3)皮瓣有恒定的神经支配,且与血管同方向进入皮瓣,神经皮支易于从主干(腓肠神经)分出;(4)皮瓣颜色好,厚度适中,较致密,耐压抗磨;(5)供区隐蔽,供皮后不引起功能障碍,是一个较理想的新供皮区。     

跨供区髂骨皮瓣一期修复肢体大面积骨与软组织缺损

Objective To study the clinical effect of iliac flap straddled donor area to primary repair large defect of bone and soft tissue. Methods Through the anatomical study about iliac flap, the new oper-ation method about iliac flap was designed, which straddled donor area and used one blood vessel stem (deep iliae circumflex artery) and two branch blood vessel(deep iliac circumflex artery and superficial iliac circum-flex artery compounding in series) for blood supply. Blood supply area of the analogical operation was stud-ied by irrigating fresh cadaver with Indian ink. Thirty-two patients with large defect of bone and soft tissue (20 males, 12 females, 17-68 years old, average 36 years old) were repaired by this method, and the hemo-dynamics was studied by laser Doppler flowmetry. Results It was feasible to connect superficial iliac cir-cumflex artery with the branch of deep iliac circumflex artery. Indian ink irrigating fresh cadaver simulate operation showed that area scope dyed by Indian ink: in ilium, Indian ink was found in the bone which was (15.8±3.2) cm away from anterior superior iliac spine. In skin flap, Indian ink was found (8.6±2.4) cm superi-or, (5.4±2.6) cm inferior, (5.8±2.6) cm internal and (24.6±5.8) cm external from the anterior superior iliac spine. Laser Doppler flowmetry showed that the peripheral blood flow of skin flap increased as time passed, the increase speed began to tardy at the third day, then ingress the platform stage. Thirty-two cases were all succeed with functional rehabilitation and perfect shape. Thirty-one cases got completely bone healing; bone healing time ranged from 9 to 19 months, with an average of 12 months. One case turned to chronic os-teomyelitis, and had to suffer operation again, the bone healing time was 22 months. Conclusion As the ili-ae flap straddled donor area has sufficient blood supply, it can repair large defect of bone and soft tissue in one stage.     

足骨及软组织损伤缺损的组合组织修复临床研究

目的 研究解决足部创伤及疾病造成的足骨及软组织缺损的修复重建方法，减少和减轻足残疾和功能不良率，最大限度的恢复足功能和外型。方法 对于足背、前足、足跟、踝下等部位单纯软组织缺损，可采用局部转移或旋转皮支皮瓣、筋膜皮瓣，游离皮瓣，游离全厚植皮等方法修复；足底负重区采用预制皮瓣方法解决；前足、足跟及其它跗骨复合组织缺损采用带血管髂骨加皮瓣组合移植重建；内外踝缺损应予以重建。结果 247例患者经1．5～5年随访，按美国AOFAS踝一足评分标准：优84例，良107例，可42例，差14例。结论 髂骨用于重建再造跖骨缺损尤其是多跖骨缺损、跟骨缺损，稳定且触地面积大、承压小；内外踝可取带筋膜的髂骨和腓骨头重建骨及韧带缺损；组合带血管骨与皮瓣修复缺损，可恢复足的解剖和生理功能。     

带感觉神经的静脉网动脉化皮瓣移植修复手指脱套伤

目的：报道带感觉神经的静脉网动脉化皮瓣修复单个手指脱套伤的效果。方法：在显微镜下清创找出伤者指断端的指动脉，指神经及指动脉吻合，２～３条浅静脉与指背静脉，在前臂掌侧设计相应的带３～５条浅静脉及皮神经的静脉皮瓣，顺行移植于伤肢皮肤缺损处，皮瓣内的皮神经与指神经缝合，２～３条浅静脉与指动脉吻合，２～３条浅静脉与指背静脉吻合。结果：６例７指皮肤脱套伤所植的皮瓣全部成活，伤指恢复良好的感觉，两点辩别觉５～１０ｍｍ。结论：此种皮瓣一次完成手指脱套伤皮肤及感觉缺损的修复，为临床提供了一种新的理想的修复方法。     

断指移植前臂残端重建部分手功能

1979年上海第六人民医院报道,利用两侧第二足趾游离移植行“再造手”获得成功。我们认为在手部严重损伤时倘若幸存1、2个残指,将之移位再植到前臂以重建手的功能也是可取的。这不仅不需要牺牲足趾,而且可以一期成功。缩短疗程,运动感觉功能恢复更为理     

非断面截面再植31例报告

报道经关节、骨骺等部位的断指采用非断面截骨再植法的手术效果。