Technical note: multi-alleles at the DYS385ab locus with high frequency in a Han Chinese population from southwestern China

International Journal of Legal Medicine - Y-chromosome short tandem repeat (Y-STR) markers have been widely used in forensic applications and usually show monoallelic or diallelic genotypic...     

神经重症患者经皮气管切开与常规气管切开效果比较

 目的 探讨经皮气管切开术在神经重症患者中应用的临床价值。方法 回顾分析医院2015-01至2018-05收治并行气管切开的69例神经重症病例,按气管切开方式分为经皮扩张气管切开术(percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy,PDT,n=48) 组和常规气管切开(open surgical tracheostomy,ST,n=21)组,比较两组操作时间、血流动力学指标、颅内压(intracranial pressure,ICP)的波动及早期并发症的差异。结果 PDT组手术时间为(7.1±1.5)min,ST组为(13.5±4.9)min,ST组长于PDT组(P<0.05);ICP波动两组差别无统计学意义;血流动力学指标两组差别无临床意义。结论 PDT对神经重症患者的血流动力学及ICP影响较ST无明显差异,操作时间更短,可作为首选气管切开方法。     

空军青少年航空学校学生抗荷力量与体质量指数的相关性研究

目的 分析空军青少年航空学校学生抗荷力量与体质量指数(BMI)的相关性,探索抗荷力量随BMI的变化规律,为飞行学员医学精准选拔及抗荷体质高效训练的实施提供数据支撑.方法 收集参加飞行学员医学选拔的725名青少年航校学生的身体参数及抗荷核心力量指标,分析抗荷力量指标与BMI的相关性,探索抗荷力量随BMI的变化情况.结果 青少年航校学生平均身高、体质量及握力均稍高于全国同龄男性的平均水平.BMI与握力、背力峰值、背力均值、腿力峰值、腿力均值呈正相关(P<0.05),但相关性较弱(r值分别为0.192、0.139、0.118、0.091、0.105).不同BMI组的握力、背力峰值与均值、腿力均值存在显著性差异(P<0.05),偏瘦、正常、偏胖组的力量呈上升趋势,而肥胖组力量有所下降.BMI和腰臀比是腿力峰值与腿力均值的独立影响因素.结论 青少年航校学生的抗荷力量与BMI呈正相关,且抗荷力量随BMI的增加呈现先上升后下降的趋势.     

开喉剑喷雾剂(儿童型)幼龄大鼠重复给药13周毒性研究

目的 依据儿科用药非临床安全性评价技术指导原则要求,对开喉剑喷雾剂(儿童型)进行幼龄SD大鼠13周毒性实验研究,为儿童临床用药提供参考.方法 160只幼龄(15日龄,PND15)大鼠,采取裂窝分层设计分组法随机分为5组,设1个空白对照组(氯化钠注射液)、赋形剂组以及低、中、高剂量组(以生药计,1.75、3.51、7.01 g/ml).在哺乳期(PND15～21),每只仔鼠给予喷雾25μl/次;断乳后,每只仔鼠给予喷雾50μl/次;当大鼠体质量达到100、200、300、400 g级别时分别给予100、200、250、300μl/次,每天给药两次,前后间隔4 h,连续给药13周,恢复期4周;每组雌雄动物于给药结束、恢复期结束时分别各剖检10、6只.检测观察指标包括:一般观察、体质量、摄食量、行为学测试、尿液、血液学、血生化、脏器质量、脏器系数及组织病理学检查等.结果 开喉剑喷雾剂(儿童型)可轻度提高动物摄食量和体质量;一些组别部分指标如血液学网织红细胞计数(RET#)升高、血小板总数(PLT)降低等,血生化碱性磷酸酶(ALP)降低、总蛋白(TP)升高等,尿液(pH改变,比重增加)以及部分脏器质量及脏器系数出现异常;病理学检查结果显示,各组动物均出现不同程度的肺损伤;对性征发育、行为学、眼科、骨髓细胞形态学等指标未见明显毒性影响.结论 在该实验所确定的条件下,开喉剑喷雾剂(儿童型、10倍于临床浓度)未见其对幼龄动物的一般毒性以及对幼龄动物身体、反射发育的不良影响.     

CAR-T制备工艺中PD-1表达的动力学研究

目的 研究嵌合抗原受体T细胞(CAR-T)制备工艺中抗CD3/CD28磁珠和慢病毒对T细胞中程序性死亡因子1(PD-1)蛋白表达的影响,为改善其体内抗肿瘤活性研究提供理论依据.方法 筛选高表达PD-1细胞系,添加CAR-T制备工艺中抗CD3/CD28磁珠和慢病毒(CAR-GFP、CAR-CD19、CAR-CD30),流式细胞术检测T细胞系PD-1蛋白的变化.利用PD-1刺激剂研究CAR-T制备中PD-1的表达.结果 流式细胞分析显示,抗CD3/CD28磁珠和CAR-CD30慢病毒能显著刺激Jurkat中PD-1蛋白表达[(63.5±4.9)％和(63.0±5.3)％,P?0.01].Jurkat添加0.5:1抗CD3/CD28磁珠刺激后,PD-1表达量在48 h为最大值,之后随时间增加PD-1蛋白表达下降,144 h时下降到(4.5±0.3)％以内.CAR-CD30慢病毒以MOI=3感染复数刺激Jurkat后PD-1蛋白表达比较稳定.T淋巴细胞中添加抗CD3/CD28磁珠能提高约3倍PD-1的表达.结论 低浓度抗CD3/CD28磁珠能短暂性刺激T细胞中PD-1蛋白表达且不影响其活率.     

Recombination in human coxsackievirus B5 strains that caused an outbreak of viral encephalitis in Henan, China

In 2011, human coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5) caused an outbreak of viral encephalitis in Henan, China. Complete genome sequence analysis based on two isolates showed that the 5′ half of the genome (nt 1-4540) had high similarity (>97 %) to that of CVB5 strain GU376747, and the 3′ half (nt 4700–7402) showed high similarity (>96 %) to that of human coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) strain GQ141875. These isolates had the highest similarity (97.7 %) to the Changchun strain, based on the complete genome, rather than to other CVB5 strains isolated from Henan in recent years. There were therefore at least two groups of CVB5 circulating in Henan Province, which evolved at different rates.     

Ghrelin Inhibits High Glucose-Induced PC12 Cell Apoptosis by Regulating TLR4/NF-κB Pathway

Ghrelin has a protective effect on diabetic encephalopathy. To expound the protective mechanism, we investigated the effects of ghrelin on high glucose-induced cell apoptosis and intracellular signaling in cultured PC12, which is a suitable model for studying neuronal cell death. High glucose-induced PC12 apoptosis was significantly inhibited by co-treatment of ghrelin. Sustaining inflammatory response is one of the molecular mechanisms of diabetic encephalopathy and TLR4 signaling has close relationship with inflammatory response. But there is no report about the biologic role of toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κB (TLR4/NF-κB) signaling in controlling high glucose-induced PC12 apoptosis by ghrelin. In this study, we found that TLR4/NF-κB pathway was activated by high glucose stimulation in PC12 and significantly alleviated by the co-treatment of ghrelin. From these findings, we made the conclusion that ghrelin could attenuate the symptoms of diabetic encephalopathy, which alleviates inflammatory reaction of diabetic encephalopathy by regulating TLR4/NF-κB pathway.     

Mosaic ring chromosome 18 in a Chinese child with epilepsy: a case report and review of the literature

Background

Ring chromosome 18 (r[18]) is a rare syndrome in which one or both ends of chromosome 18 are lost and the remaining chromosome rejoins to form ring-shaped figures. It is characterized by developmental delay/cognitive disability, facial dysmorphisms, and immunological problems. The phenotype associated with epilepsy is rare and has not yet been reported in China.

Methods

We report herein the case of a 12-year-old Chinese girl who presented with typical facial dysmorphisms, developmental delay, cognitive disability, hyperactivity, and epilepsy and discuss the clinical features of r(18) syndromes through comparison with previously described cases worldwide.

Results

We describe the characteristics of all seizures that have been reported in these cases and propose that the appearance of epilepsy in r(18) patients may be associated with the abnormality of chromosome karyotypes. Further studies are warranted to confirm this.

     

肾小球滤过率与急性缺血性卒中关系研究

目的 探讨肾小球滤过率对急性缺血性卒中发病、严重程度及患者认知功能的影响。 方法 回顾性分析2018年8月-2019年10月就诊于大连市友谊医院神经内科的急性缺血性卒中患 者的临床资料,以同期入院的非卒中且无卒中病史患者为对照组,对两组的基线资料进行单因 素和多因素分析,判断缺血性卒中的独立影响因素。另外,缺血性卒中组按照估算的肾小球滤过 率（estimated glomerular filtration rate,eGFR）分为eGFR正常组（eGFR≥90 mL／min）、轻度降低 组（60 mL/mi n≤eGFR＜90 mL／mi n）、中度降低组（30 mL/mi n≤eGFR＜60 mL／mi n）和重度降低组 （15 mL/min≤eGFR＜30 mL／min）,比较4组患者NIHSS评分、脑梗死体积及认知功能的差异。 结果 研究共入组缺血性卒中患者181例,对照组133例。eGFR降低、HDL-C水平降低、收缩压升高、 糖化血红蛋白水平升高、糖尿病病史及年龄增加是急性缺血性卒中的独立危险因素。在缺血性卒中 患者中,eGFR正常组、轻度降低组、中度降低组和重度降低组分别为58例、75例、32例和16例,NIHSS 及脑梗死体积均有随着eGFR降低而增加的趋势,其中,eGFR轻度降低组与正常组的NIHSS和脑梗死 体积差异无统计学意义,但中、重度eGFR降低组的NIHSS和脑梗死体积均显著高于正常eGFR组。另外, 缺血性卒中患者的认知功能水平也有随着eGFR下降而降低的趋势,其中eGFR轻度降低组与正常组 的MMSE和MoCA评分差异无统计学意义,但中、重度eGFR降低组的MMSE和MoCA评分均显著低于正常 eGFR组。 结论 低eGFR为缺血性卒中的独立危险因素,轻度eGFR水平降低与梗死严重程度及认知功能损害 无关,而eGFR中、重度降低与缺血性卒中神经功能缺损及认知功能损害有关。