O,O′-二烷基-O″-(5-取代-3-苯并噻吩乙腈肟)磷酸酯及硫代磷酸酯的合成

合成了18个O,O′-二烷基-O″-(5-取代-3-苯并噻吩乙腈肟)磷酸酯及硫代磷酸酯类化合物(Ⅰ_1～18)。初步杀螺试验结果表明,其中5个化合物,即Ⅰ_2,3,7,11,12有明显的杀螺增效作用。     

广东汉族人群HLA-Cw多态性及单体型分析

目的检测广东汉族人群HLA．Cw及HLA-A、B、DRB1基因频率，分析该人群HLA-Cw等位基因多态性及其单体型特点。方法骨髓移植供者185例，抗凝血提取DNA，半量全自动PCR-RSSO分型检测HLA-A、B、Cw、DRB1基因型。结果在分辨水平检出Cw等位基因11个，其中分布频率较高的依次为：Cw*03(0．2580)、Cw*07(0．1887)、Cw*01(0．1732)、Cw*08(0．1070)。统计分析呈现显著连锁不平衡的HLA-Cw．A单体型7个，HLA-Cw-B单体型20个，HLA—Cw．DRB1单体型10个。结论广东汉族群体HLA-Cw基因具有较为丰富的多态性，其与HLA-A、B、DRB1间连锁不平衡单体型具有地区性遗传特征。     

乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原单链抗体细胞内免疫抗乙型肝炎病毒基因治疗研究

目的 :研究乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原 (HBsAg)人源单链可变区抗体 (ScFv)细胞内免疫抗乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)基因治疗的作用。方法 :用噬菌体表面展示技术筛选特异性的HBsAg人源单链可变区抗体 ,聚合酶链反应(PCR)法扩增HBsAg单链抗体基因 ,并构建表达HBsAgScFv基因的重组逆转录病毒载体pLXSN HBsAgScFv,转染PA317细胞 ,将转染细胞分泌的假病毒颗粒感染 2 2 15细胞 ,酶联免疫吸附法 (ELISA)检测其上清HBsAg和HBeAg ,定量检测HBVDNA。结果 :成功筛选出HBsAgScFv ,PCR扩增出 75 0bp的全基因 ,构建HBsAgScFv基因的逆转录病毒载体 ,转染PA317细胞 ,在上清中检测出含HBsAgScFv假病毒颗粒的存在 ,上清感染 2 2 15细胞后第 3、5、7、14天 ,HBsAg、HBeAg逐渐下降 ,到第 14天时HBsAg已变为阴性 ,DNA定量检测无明显变化。结论 :HBsAgScFv能成功地在逆转录病毒载体中表达 ,并有抑制HBsAg、HBeAg表达的作用     

Potential contribution of nuclear factor-kappaB to cerebral vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbits.

Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) plays a key role in inflammation, which is involved in the development of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). In the present study, we assessed the potential role of NF-kappaB in regulation of cerebral vasospasm. Nuclear factor-kappaB DNA-binding activity was measured in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) treated with hemolysate and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC, 80 micromol/L), an inhibitor of NF-kappaB. Forty-two rabbits were divided into three groups: control, SAH, and PDTC groups (n=14 for each group). The caliber of the basilar artery was evaluated. Nuclear factor-kappaB DNA-binding activity and the gene expression levels of cytokines and adhesion molecules in the basilar artery were measured. Immunohistochemical study was performed to assess the expression and localization of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and myeloperoxidase (MPO). It was observed that NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity was significantly increased by treatment with hemolysate in cultured VSCMs, but this increase was suppressed by pretreatment with PDTC. Severe vasospasm was observed in the SAH group, which was attenuated in the PDTC group. Subarachnoid hemorrhage could induce increases of NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity and the gene expression levels of TNF-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, ICAM-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, which were reduced in the PDTC group. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated that the expression levels of TNF-alpha, ICAM-1, and MPO were all increased in the SAH group, but these increases were attenuated in the PDTC group. Our results suggest that NF-kappaB is activated in the arterial wall after SAH, which potentially leads to vasospasm development through induction of inflammatory response.     

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CLINICAL USE OF ANTIBIOTIC AND PRODUCTION OF ESBLS

Extended -spectrum β -lactamases(ESBLs)aremainlyproducedbymembersofthefamilyEnter obacteriaceaewhichcanhydrolyzeβ -lactamantibi oticsincludingthethird - generationcephalosporinandaztreonam ,theESBLs- producingbacillishowedmedian -highresistancetoceftazidimeandaztreonamparticularly[1] .NowadaystheprevalenceofESBLs -producingstrainshavebeenreportedinmanyareasaroundtheworld[2 ] .ButthereisfewinformationabouttherelationshipbetweentheuseofantibioticandtheproductionofESBLs .Weperformedastud…     

神经精神性系统性红斑狼疮的磁共振表现

目的探讨神经精神性系统性红斑狼疮(NPSLE)的磁共振诊断价值。方法回顾性分析经临床证实的16例NPSLE的头颅磁共振表现。结果16例NPSLE患者的头颅MRI异常者13例,阳性率81.3%。其MRI表现为:(1)13例均为大脑半球受累,灰白质均可累及;(2)脑内多发片状异常信号8例(61.5%),分布无规律;(3)脑梗塞7例,脑水肿4例,出血2例;(4)脑萎缩2例;(5)5例增强扫描均无明显强化。结论结合临床资料,MRI可以诊断NPSLE。     

错畸形患者的Howes值测量分析

目的:本研究采用Howes法评估牙弓骨量与牙量的协调性,探讨其在正畸临床诊断与矫治设计确定拔牙与非拔牙中的应用价值。方法:选取第四军医大学口腔医学院正畸门诊患者80人,男、女拔牙与非拔牙各20例。测量牙量(TM)、双尖牙弓宽径(PMD)、双尖牙根尖基骨宽径(PMBAW)、基骨弓长度(BAL),并计算PMD/TM、PMBAW/TM、BAL/TM值,对其进行统计学处理与分析。结果:男女两组比较TM、PMD、PMBAW、BAL值有显著性差异,男性大于女性;但PMD/TM、PMBAW/TM、BAL/TM值无统计学意义;拔牙组与非拔牙组比较,PMD/TM、PMBAW/TM、BAL/TM值有显著性差异。结论:采用Howes法评估牙弓骨量与牙量对正畸临床的诊断和拔牙与非拔牙矫治设计有一定的指导意义。     

磁共振成像对胸膜外脂肪显示的研究

目的：研究MRI对正常及异常胸膜外脂肪显示的价值。材料和方法：对21例健康志愿者进行了MRI化学位移同相位成像、反相位成像、T1WI、T2WI及STIR序列扫描，并对胸膜外脂肪的绝对信号强度及信号强度比进行比较分析，同时还对20例累及胸膜外脂肪的病人进行检查。结果：在MRI各序列中，化学位移反相位成像显示胸膜外脂肪最佳，各序列绝对信号强度没有差别，而信号强度比存在差异。异常的胸膜外脂肪可以表现为移位、受压、中断、增厚及信号改变。结论：MRI可以作为观察正常及异常胸膜外脂肪的有效检查方法。     

高血压对糖尿病肾病进展的影响(附51例4年随访报告)

51例糖尿病肾病患者分为高血压组和正常血压组。4年来动态观察其血压、血糖、尿微白蛋白排泄率(AER)、肾功能。发现两组间血糖和糖化血红蛋白相差和变化不大。高血压组AER平均值和4年上升幅度均高于正常血压组(分别为P<0.001,P<0.005)。肾功能以1/cr·t~(-1)表示,两组首次肌酐值近似,4年中肾功损失程度按Mitch方法以斜率b表示,两组间差异显著(P<0.001)。提示高血压是糖尿病肾病进展中的危险因素。     

急性脑梗死后血浆NO、NOS、ET含量的动态变化及尼莫地平对其影响

目的　观察急性脑梗死 (ACI)后血浆一氧化氮 (NO)、一氧化氮合成酶 (NOS)、内皮素 (ET)含量的动态变化 ,以及尼莫地平治疗后对其影响。方法　ACI患者 110例 ,随机分成尼莫地平组 (5 0例 ) (在常规治疗基础上用尼莫地平 )和常规治疗组 (6 0例 )。在发病后不同时点动态观察血浆NO、NOS、ET含量 ,并设 5 0例脑动脉硬化患者为对照组。结果　脑梗死后血浆ET含量显著升高 ,直至恢复期 ;NO、NOS先增高后下降 ;尼莫地平组和常规组比较ET有显著差异 (P <0 .0 1) ,NO、NOS差别不显著 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　NO、NOS、ET参与并影响了ACI后复杂的病理生理过程 ;尼莫地平部分通过对ET含量的影响发挥其对脑梗死的治疗作用