Venous thromboembolism in non-COVID-19 population during the pandemic: a nationwide multicenter retrospective survey

Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - Although mechanical thrombectomy is a powerful predictor of stroke outcome, it induces vessel wall injury in the acute phase. This study aimed to analyze...     

儿童完全植入式静脉输液港日间手术策略的选择和体会

目的比较同期儿童完全植入式静脉输液港(totally implantable venous access port,TIVAP)日间手术和住院手术情况,探讨开展儿童TIVAP植入日间手术的可行性。方法收集2015年4月至2020年4月在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院肿瘤外科接受TIVAP植入术的516例患儿的相关资料。其中,男311例,女205例;将321例接受日间手术的患儿作为日间手术组;将195例接受住院手术的患儿作为住院手术组。通过电子病历(electronic medical record,EMR)和医院信息系统(hospital information system,HIS)收集两组患儿的病史资料和手术情况,通过互联网医院、微信或者电话定期随访患儿TIVAP使用情况和主要并发症的发生情况。比较两组患儿住院天数、总费用和术后并发症情况。结果13例日间手术组和8例住院手术组患儿锁骨下静脉穿刺置管失败改为颈内静脉入路,两组之间的差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。本研究所有TIVAP植入术成功。日间手术组住院时间为(1.00±0)d,住院手术组为(5.40±1.69)d,两组之间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。日间手术组总费用为(13125±568)元,住院手术组为(16125±1035)元,均除外其他疾病的治疗费用,两组之间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。术后主要并发症包括导管相关性血行感染、导管堵塞、港体周围皮肤感染和非计划取港,并发症的发生率在两组之间的差异无统计学意义。结论儿童TIVAP植入日间手术是高质量、低成本的治疗模式,具有推广使用价值。     

河南“4.26”60Co源辐射事故一例受照者患非霍奇金淋巴瘤的病因探讨

关于电离辐射是否可诱发非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）,目前的研究结果尚未获得一致结论。笔者报道了河南“4.26” 60Co源辐射事故中1例中度骨髓型急性放射病患者受照后第13年患NHL的病例,结合患者的受照史、病史特点、诊断及国际多项大型研究,从流行病学资料和影响因素两方面分析了患者“天”患非霍奇金淋巴瘤与电离辐射的关系,为电离辐射致NHL提供辐射流行病学依据。     

Plasma Exchange Versus Double Filtration Plasmapheresis in the Treatment of Guillain‐Barré Syndrome

Abstract: Previous studies have shown that both plasma exchange (PE) and double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) are effective treatments in Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS). Whether PE and DFPP have similar effects in GBS is not clear. This report compares the therapeutic effectiveness of PE and DFPP in GBS patients treated in 3 major hospitals in northern Taiwan. A total of 102 patients were included in this survey, including 39 with PE (hereafter PE group) and 63 with DFPP (hereafter DFPP group). Both groups showed significant improvement of disability scores after treatment. However, time to onset of effect was shorter (5.6 ± 3.5 versus 7 ± 3.4 days, p < 0.05), and changes of disability scores were more prominent (1.3 ± 0.8 versus 0.8 ± 0.8, p < 0.05) in the PE group than the DFPP group. Mortality and outcome after 6 months were not different between the 2 groups. In conclusion, both PE and DFPP are effective treatments in GBS. PE was superior to DFPP in short‐term effectiveness. The long‐term effectiveness was not different.     

Correlation between the platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and diabetic foot ulcer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between the platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodFrom January 2018 to August 2019, 206 patients with T2DM admitted to the Central Hospital of Wuhan, China, were enrolled in this study, including 104 patients with DFU (DFU group) and 102 patients without DFU (T2DM group). During the same period, 90 healthy subjects were randomly screened as normal controls (NC group). The correlation between PLR and DFU in patients with T2DM was explored by comparing the PLR of the subjects in the three groups.ResultsThe PLRs of the DFU and T2DM groups were higher than that of the NC group, whereas the PLR of the DFU group was higher than that of the T2DM group (p < 0.05). PLR was positively correlated with the Wagner DFU grade (p < 0.001). Based on logistic regression analysis, PLR was found to be an independent risk factor for DFU (OR =1.029, 95% CI: 1.019 ~ 1.039, p < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the PLR showed that the area under the curve of the PLR for predicting diabetic foot ulcer was 0.776 (p < 0.001), and the analysis determined that the optimal critical value of the PLR for predicting DFU was 147.6.ConclusionThe PLR is significantly elevated in patients with DFU and positively correlated with the Wagner DFU grade, which might be a valuable marker for early diagnosis and assessment of severity of DFU.     

Skeletal class II malocclusion caused by mouth breathing in a pediatric patient undergoing treatment by interceptive guidance of occlusion

A 7-year 10-month-old boy was evaluated for mouth breathing and snoring habits. Examination revealed soft convex tissues, maxillary protrusion, mandibular retrusion, and a class II sagittal osteofascial pattern. The patient failed a water holding test. He was clinically diagnosed with skeletal class II malocclusion caused by mouth breathing. Under interceptive guidance of occlusion (iGo), the malocclusion improved with fixed maxillary expansion using functional appliances and interventional treatment of mouth breathing by lip closure exercises. These treatments enabled the patient to gradually return to nasal breathing and guided him to develop physiological occlusion for a coordinated jaw-to-jaw relation. At the 5-year 2-month post-correction follow-up visit (at the age of 13 years), the patient had stable occlusion, a coordinated osteofascial pattern, and normal dentition, periodontium, and temporomandibular joints.     

Association between PARK16 and Parkinson's disease in the Han Chinese population: a meta-analysis

PARK16 was reported to alter the risk for Parkinson's disease (PD) in the Japanese population. However, its role in Han Chinese PD patients has not been well established. Herein, we investigated the effect of 4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the PARK16 locus, including rs823128, rs947211, rs823156, and rs11240572, on the risk of PD by genotyping 497 Taiwanese patients with PD and 500 age-matched control subjects. The results were then meta-analyzed with available genetic association studies in the same population. The meta-analysis showed that PD patients demonstrated a lower frequency of the rs823128 G allele (11.93%) than control subjects (14.04%; odds ratio [OR] 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.72–0.96, p = 0.010). The frequency of the rs947211 A allele (40.35%) in PD patients was lower than in control subjects (43.01%; OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.80–0.99, p = 0.047). The rs823156 G allele was less frequently seen in PD patients (17.32%) than in control subjects (21.35%; OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.69–0.86, p < 0.001). A lower frequency of the rs11240572 A allele was found in PD patients (14.01%) than in control subjects (17.66%; OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.66–0.88, p < 0.001). Our results indicate a robust protective effect of PARK16 in Han Chinese PD patients. Functional approaches are needed to elucidate the effects of these SNPs on the regulation of gene expression.     

新冠肺炎疫情期间大学生抑郁伴躯体化症状情况及影响因素

目的了解新冠肺炎(COVID-19)疫情期间大学生抑郁伴躯体化症状情况,并探讨其影响因素。方法于2020年3月12日-19日,以中国传媒大学南广学院(现南京传媒学院)2019级本科大一全体学生为研究对象,通过网络发放问卷。采用突发性公共卫生事件心理问卷(PQEEPH)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)躯体化因子、抑郁自评量表(SDS)及自制一般人口学资料调查表进行调查,对数据进行单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果共回收有效问卷3 406份,有效问卷回收率为93.0%。抑郁检出率为55.7%(1 898/3 406),抑郁伴躯体化症状检出率为4.9%(93/1 898)。Logistic回归分析显示,单亲家庭(OR=2.977,P0.01)、PQEEPH神经衰弱维度评分(OR=3.693,P0.01)、PQEEPH强迫-焦虑维度评分(OR=6.794,P=0.001)、抑郁严重程度为中度(OR=1.788,P=0.065)和重度(OR=4.462,P=0.003)是大学生抑郁伴躯体化症状的影响因素。结论COVID-19疫情期间,一定比例的大学生存在抑郁伴躯体化症状,其中受疫情影响出现的强迫-焦虑情绪、神经衰弱、中度及以上严重程度的抑郁及单亲家庭是大学生抑郁伴躯体化症状的危险因素。     

血清皮质醇水平在阿尔茨海默病与抑郁障碍 鉴别中的作用

目的 探讨血清皮质醇水平在鉴别阿尔茨海默病与老年抑郁障碍中的作用。方法 回 顾性分析苏州市广济医院老年精神科 2018 年 1 月 1 日至 2020 年 10 月 1 日期间住院,年龄 55～95 岁,且 依据 ICD-10 诊断标准出院诊断为抑郁障碍和阿尔茨海默病的患者的血清皮质醇水平以及雌二醇、生 长激素等激素水平资料。结果 研究共纳入抑郁障碍患者109例,阿尔茨海默病57例,抑郁障碍组的 皮质醇水平明显高于阿尔茨海默病组［478.10（389.81, 587.63）nmol/L 比 370.30（290.66, 405.35）nmol/L, Z=5.91,P＜ 0.01］,而年龄［（69.68±8.01）岁比（75.77±8.01）岁,t=4.66,P=0.00］、黄体生成素［18.90（9.59, 27.60） IU/L 比 24.31（15.18,34.06） IU/L,Z=2.27,P=0.02］和生长激素［0.23（0.10, 0.73）ng/ml 比 0.30（0.20, 1.45）ng/ml,Z=2.02,P=0.04］显 著 低 于 阿 尔 茨 海 默 病 组。 经 过 Logistic 回 归 筛 选 出 年 龄（OR=0.92, 95%CI=0.88～0.96,P＜ 0.01）、皮质醇（OR=1.01,95%CI=1.00～1.01,P＜ 0.01）两项指标构建回归方程。年龄、 皮质醇及年龄与皮质醇联合后的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.69（95%CI=0.62～0.76）、0.78（95%CI=0.71～0.84） 和 0.82（95%CI=0.75～0.88）。结论 血清皮质醇水平可能可以作为鉴别住院老年抑郁障碍和阿尔茨海 默病患者的重要指标。     

Differentiation between Clear Cell Sarcoma of the Kidney and Wilms' Tumor with CT

ObjectiveClear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK) is the second-most common but extremely rare primary renal malignancy in children after Wilms'' tumor. The aims of this study were to evaluate the imaging features that could distinguish between CCSK and Wilms'' tumor and to assess the features with diagnostic value for identifying CCSK.Materials and MethodsWe reviewed the initial contrast-enhanced abdominal-pelvic CT scans of children with CCSK and Wilms'' tumor between 2010 to 2019. Fifty-eight children (32 males and 26 females; age, 0.3–10 years), 7 with CCSK, and 51 with Wilms'' tumor, were included. The maximum tumor diameter, presence of engorged perinephric vessels, maximum density of the tumor (Tmax) of the enhancing solid portion, paraspinal muscle, contralateral renal vein density, and density ratios (Tmax/muscle and Tmax/vein) were analyzed on the renal parenchymal phase of contrast-enhanced CT. Fisher''s exact tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were conducted to analyze the categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were also performed.ResultsThe age, sex, and tumor diameter did not differ between the two groups. Engorged perinephric vessels were more common in patients in the CCSK group (71% [5/7] vs. 16% [8/51], p = 0.005). Tmax (median, 148.0 vs. 111.0 Hounsfield unit, p = 0.004), Tmax/muscle (median, 2.64 vs. 1.67, p = 0.002), and Tmax/vein (median, 0.94 vs. 0.59, p = 0.002) were higher in the CCSK compared to the Wilms'' group. Multiple logistic regression revealed that engorged vessels (odds ratio 13.615; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.770–104.730) and Tmax/muscle (odds ratio 5.881; 95% CI, 1.337–25.871) were significant predictors of CCSK. The cutoff values of Tmax/muscle (86% sensitivity, 77% specificity) and Tmax/vein (71% sensitivity, 86% specificity) for the diagnosis of CCSK were 1.97 and 0.76, respectively.ConclusionPerinephric vessel engorgement and greater tumor enhancement (Tmax/muscle > 1.97 or Tmax/vein > 0.76) are helpful for differentiating between CCSK and Wilms'' tumor in children aged below 10 years.