Ischemic rat brain extracts induce human marrow stromal cell growth factor production

Intravenous administration of human bone marrow stromal cells (hMSCs) after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in rats provides functional benefit. We tested the hypothesis that these functional benefits are derived in part from hMSC production of growth and trophic factors. Quantitative sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of hMSCs cultured with normal and MCAo brain extracts were performed. hMSCs cultured in supernatant derived from ischemic brain extracts increased production of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). These neurotrophins and angiogenic growth factors increased in a post‐ischemia time‐dependent manner. The hMSC capacity to increase expression of growth and trophic factors may be the key to the benefit provided by transplanted hMSCs in the ischemic brain.     

模拟定位机引导下经皮穿刺集束巨能刀射频治疗肺癌的临床应用

为了探讨局部麻醉和模拟定位机引导在集束巨能刀治疗肺癌的射频治疗的适应证、治疗效果以及并发症的预防和处理，采用0．5％普鲁卡因局部浸润麻醉，模拟定位机引导下经皮穿刺集束巨能刀治疗肺癌46例。CT显示条索状瘢痕残余ll例，空洞形成或直径缩小32例，无变化1例，增大2例。治疗中患者均有不同程度的胸腔内热感及短时间内可以忍受的疼痛感。并发症包括气胸7例、皮下气肿5例、发热24例、咯血13例和慢性支气管炎急性发作4例。初步研究结果提示，集束巨能刀射频治疗周围型肺癌疗效满意，尤其适用于直径〈3cm的肿瘤。局部麻醉配合全身止痛药物应用可以很好地解决治疗中的疼痛问题，与全麻相比还具有省时省力、费用低的优势；对于周围型肺癌，模拟定位机引导经皮穿刺定位与CT引导相比，同样准确、安全，但操作更为方便。     

RNA干扰基因敲除MAGE-1在恶性胶质瘤U87细胞中的初步研究

目的：通过构建抑制MAGE-1的短片段双链核糖核酸（siRNA）表达载体，鉴定其在人恶性胶质瘤细胞系U87细胞中对MAGE．1基因表达的干涉作用。方法：化学合成2对编码短发夹RNA序列的靶向MAGE—1基因寡核苷酸链，克隆至经BglⅡ、HindⅢ双酶切的pSUPER载体上，重组构建核糖核酸干扰（RNAi）质粒载体。利用RT-PCR、流式细胞术和荧光显微镜，检测经稳定转染后胶质瘤U87细胞中MAGE-1的表达，以了解siRNA的干涉效果。结果：重组构建的pSUPER—MAGE—1载体经双酶切、电泳及插入基因片段序列分析，表明寡核苷酸链成功地插入至预计位点，且序列与预期完全一致。稳定转染后G418筛选出的U87多克隆细胞MAGE-1的表达经RT—PCR、流式细胞术和荧光显微镜检测，2对siRNA均有较明显的干扰作用。结论：载体的成功构建并能对U87细胞中的MAGE—1分子进行RNAi，为进一步研究MAGE—1在肿瘤中的作用，分析基因功能，展开肿瘤基因治疗奠定了基础。     

两性霉素B微乳的制备及体外经皮渗透研究

 目的制备水包油型两性霉素B微乳,并对其进行体外经皮渗透性能考察。方法用相转变温度法制备两性霉素B微乳,用光散射粒度仪测定微乳的粒径,电子透射电镜观察微乳的形态。用药物渗透扩散仪进行两性霉素B透皮吸收研究,高效液相色谱法测定两性霉素B含量。结果用相转变温度法制备了Tween80和异丙醇重量比为1∶1,IPM和混合表面活性剂之比为1∶9,水含量64.6%,载药量为0.247%的两性霉素B微乳。所制微乳符合微乳特征,调节pH值有助于两性霉素B由分散介质向微乳表面转移。水性月桂氮酮对两性霉素B的促渗效果最好,pH值为5.12,月桂氮酮浓度为1%时,两性霉素B微乳经离体兔皮的JS为4.627μg·cm^-2·h^-1,经离体大鼠皮肤的JS为4.484μg·cm^-2·h^-1。结论开发微乳透皮给药制剂有望提高两性霉素B的疗效,降低其毒副作用。     

脂肪抽吸术对胰岛素敏感性及脂质代谢的影响

目的了解脂肪抽吸术对胰岛素抵抗与脂质代谢的影响,并探讨其临床意义。方法对20例接受腹部脂肪抽吸术者术前及术后2个月的血清三酰甘油、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇,胰岛素敏感性进行测量并进行比较。结果术后与脂肪抽吸术前比较,术后胰岛素敏感性增强（P〈0.01）,血清总胆固醇与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平下降。结论腹部脂肪抽吸术在去除大量皮下脂肪的同时,对胰岛素抵抗、脂质代谢等心脑血管危险因素也有非常有益的影响。     

^1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy screening for animals with acute cerebral infraction suitable forthrombolytic therapy

BACKGROUND: As a non-invasive technique which can provide comprehensive biological information, 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) may provide valuable reference data for irreversible recovery or reversible changes in ischemic tissue after stroke. OBJECTIVE: To monitor and evaluate the effect of the urokinase thrombolytic therapy after experimental acute cerebral ischemia by 1H-MRS technology and investigate its adaptability. DESIGN: Randomly controlled animal study. SETTINGS: Shenzhen Hospital of Peking University and National Key Laboratory of Pattern and Atom & Molecular Physics, Wuhan Physics and Mathematics Institute, Chinese Academy of Science. MATERIALS: Eleven healthy adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, weighing 260–300 g and of both genders, were supplied by Experimental Animal Center of Tongji Medical Collage, Huazhong University of Science and Technology [SCXK (e) 2004-007]. 4.7T superconducting nuclear magnetic resonance meter was provided by Brucker Company. METHODS: The experiment was carried out in Shenzhen Hospital of Peking University and National Key Laboratory of Pattern and Atom & Molecular Physics, Wuhan Physics and Mathematics Institute, Chinese Academy of Science from August 2003 to December 2005. ① The rats were randomly divided into 30-minute self-thrombo-embolism group (n =6) and 60-minute self-thrombo-embolism group (n =5). Six rats in 30-minute self-thrombo-embolism group were occluded with clot embolus for 30 minutes and 5 rats in 60-minute self-thrombo-embolism group were occluded for 60 minutes. 10 000 U/kg urokinase was dissolved in 2 mL saline and the operation lasted for 5 minutes. ② 1H-MRS was performed before thrombolysis and at 3 hours and 24 hours after successful embolization. The metabolic changes of N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid (NAA)/phosphocreatine (PCr) + creatine (Cr), choline phosphate (Cho)/PCr+Cr and lactic acid (Lac)/PCr+Cr in the region of interests were analyzed. ③ The T2W image was conducted 24 hours after the thrombolytic therapy with TR=500 ms and TE=25 ms. ④ The subjects were sacrificed immediately after 1H-MRS and the brain tissues were cut into pieces and stained with HE method; in addition, pathological changes were observed under optic microscope. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Metabolic changes of NAA/PCr+Cr, Cho/PCr+Cr and Lac/PCr+Cr in the region of interests; ② T2W image at 24 hours after the thrombolysis; ③ pathological observation of brain tissue. RESULTS: Eleven rats were all involved in the final analysis. ① Metabolic changes in the region of interests : In 30-minute self-thrombo-embolism group, the Lac peak emerged immediately after the embolism, but the ischemic zone decreased 3 hours after the thrombolytic therapy (0.252±0.01, 0.603±0.01, P < 0.01). Lac/(PCr+Cr) ratio was 0.290±0.01 at 24 hours after thrombolysis, which was higher than that at 3 hours after thrombolysis (P < 0.01). The NAA/ (PCr+Cr) ratio decreased significantly at 3 hours after the thrombolysis as compared with that before thrombolysis (0.922±0.16, 1.196±0.01, P < 0.05). In 60-minute self-thrombo-embolism group, the Lac/(PCr+Cr) ratio was higher at 3 hours after thrombolysis than that before thrombolysis (0.846±0.12, 0.601±0.11, P < 0.05) and the NAA/(PCr+Cr) decreased at 3 hours after the embolism. Fluctuation of NAA/ (PCr+Cr) ranged from 0.68 to 0.75 before thrombolysis and from 0.71 to 0.75 at 3 hours after thrombolysis. ② T2W image: T2W image showed that 2 subjects in 30-minute self-thrombo-embolism group whose Lac/NAA was higher than 0.7 suffered from intracranial hemorrhage. This meant that the subjects with Lac/NAA > 0.7 were more likely to suffer from intracranial hemorrhage. ③ Histological and morphological examinations: Optic microscope demonstrated that interspace surrounding nerve cells was widened at ischemic center; neurons were swelling; nucleus was stained lightly; pyknosis and mesenchymal edema were mainly observed in lateral cortex of brow and vertex and in lateral part of corpus striatum. CONCLUSION: ①Compound parameters in ischemic area before thrombolysis should be regarded as an important predicting marker for thrombolytic therapy, effect evaluation and termination. ② 1H-MRS combining with other imaging technique is a detecting way for screening cases who are suitable for thrombolytic therapy.     

与甲壳素缝线体外复合培养大鼠成肌细胞株L6细胞的形态学

目的：探讨甲壳素作为骨骼肌组织工程支架材料的可行性。 方法：实验于2002-06／12在南方医科大学应用解剖学研究所完成。大鼠成肌细胞株L6与甲壳素医用缝合线体外复合培养。倒置相差显微镜下观察细胞的形态和排列情况。并分别在体外复合培养的第1，2，3，4，5，6天，取出细胞支架复合体，扫描电镜观察成肌细胞的形态和排列情况。 结果：①扫描电子显微镜观察显示，甲壳素医用可吸收缝线的表面比较粗糙。②倒置相差显微镜下可见大鼠L6细胞与甲壳素制备的医用可吸收缝合线间黏附良好，细胞沿缝线排列呈现串珠样，并可以见到细胞聚集现象。③扫描电子显微镜观察，接种24h后，细胞主要为圆球形，随后细胞迁移、伸展、并见突起；第3天，成肌细胞主要为梭形，并见融合趋势；4d后，细胞沿材料纵轴排列并相互融合，并见肌小管样结构形成及细胞外基质分泌。 结论：甲壳素具有作为支架以构建组织工程化骨骼肌的潜能，支架的平行排列有助于工程化骨骼肌纤维良好方向性的形成。     

547例垂体腺瘤延迟诊断原因及影像诊断分析

目的:提高垂体腺瘤特别是微腺瘤早期影像诊断率。方法:通过对所搜集病史资料完整,经医学影像学确诊和手术病理证实的547例垂体腺瘤(内有251例微腺瘤)延迟诊断原因的分析,找到影响垂体腺瘤早期诊断的因素。结果:296例垂体大腺瘤蝶鞍X线平片、CT、MR常规检查即可诊断。CT骨窗蝶鞍片有助于垂体微腺瘤的诊断,251例微腺瘤经高分辨力CT薄层冠状强化扫描和高场强MR薄层强化扫描得以明确诊断。结论:熟悉垂体腺瘤的首发症状,及时行CT、MR常规扫描可明确大腺瘤的诊断,CT骨窗片可发现垂体微腺瘤的佐证。高场强MR薄层强化扫描是目前诊断垂体微腺瘤的最佳方法,高分辨力CT冠状薄层强化扫描次之,结合神经内分泌学检查是提高垂体腺瘤影像学早期诊断率的主要措施。     

不同重建方法对多层螺旋CT诊断肋骨骨折准确性的影响

目的探讨多层螺旋CT检查的不同重建方法在诊断肋骨骨折的价值。方法收集37例胸部外伤患者X线片疑有骨折的病例,进行多层螺旋CT检查及多种图像后处理,观察几种不同图像对骨折显示效果。结果X线检查共发现肋骨骨折48处,肋软骨骨折0处。通过多层螺旋CT扫描后进行图像后处理共检出肋骨骨折77处,肋软骨骨折4处。两种检查方法对于肋骨、肋软骨骨折的检出比较差异有统计学意义。(χ2=39.652,P=0.000;χ2=4.101,P=0.043)。多层螺旋CT检查,曲面MPR图像检出移位肋骨骨折39处,未移位肋骨骨折38处。VRT重建图像检出移位肋骨骨折38处,未移位肋骨骨折30处。两种重建方法对于未移位肋骨骨折的检出比较差异有统计学意义。(χ2=8.941,P=0.003)。结论多层螺旋CT的曲面MPR图像可清晰显示未移位细微骨折线,VRT重建图像立体感强,可多角度观察骨折的移位。多层螺旋CT检查对于判断肋骨,尤其是肋软骨骨折有很高的诊断价值,明显优于X线检查,应为诊断肋骨骨折的可靠依据。     

大鼠慢性阻塞性肺疾病气虚自汗模型制备

目的 建立大鼠气虚自汗模型,为评价药物治疗气虚自汗作用提供一个研究平台.方法 以烟熏法并佐以麻黄汤造成大鼠慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)气虚自汗模型.结果 大鼠COPD气虚自汗模型与l临床气虚症状基本一致.结论 大鼠COPD气虚自汗模型成立.