Effect of C-myc antisense oligodeoxynucleotides on hypoxia-induced proliferation of pulmonary vascular pericytes

Muscularization of non- muscular arterioles ofintra- acinar pulmonary arteries is an important mor-phological feature of pulmonary vascular structuralremodeling( PVSR) during the development of hy-poxic pulmonary hypertension.Recent studies sug-gest that hypoxia could induce pericytes proliferationand differentiation into smooth muscle cell- like cells,which results in muscularization of non- muscular ar-terioles of the lung[1,2 ] . However,the mechanism ofhypoxia- induced proliferation of pe…     

乳酸对过氧化氢的杀菌增效作用

目的：研究乳酸对过氧化氢的杀菌增效及稳定性增强作用,为复方过氧化氢消毒剂的研制提供资料。方法：测定含不同浓度乳酸的过氧化氢溶液中过氧化氢有效浓度随时间的变化,证实乳酸对过氧化氢稳定性增强作用并找出适宜的配比关系。以金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草杆菌黑色变种芽胞为试验菌,比较单纯过氧化氢溶液和复方过氧化氢溶液的杀菌率,研究乳酸的杀菌增效作用。结果：过氧化氢溶液中加入乳酸,过氧化氢有效浓度下降缓慢,且对细菌繁殖体及芽胞的杀灭率均增强。结论：乳酸可使过氧化氢溶液稳定性增强,并且有杀菌增效作用。     

Diagnostic value of the Binax NOW assay for identifying a pneumococcal etiology in patients with respiratory tract infection.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common pathogen in respiratory tract infections which is usually underestimated with conventional tests, largely due to the fragility of the bacteria. This study assessed the diagnostic value of a rapid test (Binax NOW) for the detection of the pneumococcal antigen in urine. METHODS: Unconcentrated urine samples from 1243 adults and 91 children hospitalized with respiratory tract infections were tested. RESULTS: In all adults with respiratory tract infections, the diagnostic results were as follows: sensitivity, 29 (60%) of 48; specificity, 748 (92.2%) of 811; negative predictive value, 748 (97.5%) of 767; false-positive rate, 63 (68%) of 92. The diagnostic results were similar in adults with lower respiratory tract infections: sensitivity, 21 (64%) of 33; specificity, 658 (92.2%) of 714; negative predictive value, 658 (98.2%) of 670; false-positive rate, 56 (73%) of 77. In children with respiratory tract infections, the diagnostic results were: sensitivity, 4 of 4; specificity 18 (64%) of 28; negative predictive value, 18 of 18; false-positive rate, 10 of 14. The low specificity of the test in children may be due to frequent pneumococcal nasopharyngeal colonization. CONCLUSIONS: High negative predictive values and high false-positive rates were found in both adults and children, indicating that a negative result may be more useful than a positive one in clinical practice. The high specificity of this test in adults indicates its potential value in the choice of initial antibiotic treatment by eliminating pneumococcal infection as a likely cause of respiratory tract infection in a proportion of patients.     

Antimicrobial resistance in commensal flora of pig farmers.

We assessed the quantitative contribution of pig farming to antimicrobial resistance in the commensal flora of pig farmers by comparing 113 healthy pig farmers from the major French porcine production areas to 113 nonfarmers, each matched for sex, age, and county of residence. All reported that they had not taken antiimicrobial agents within the previous month. Throat, nasal, and fecal swabs were screened for resistant microorganisms on agar containing selected antimicrobial agents. Nasopharyngeal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus was significantly more frequent in pig farmers, as was macrolide resistance of S. aureus from carriers. Nongroupable streptococci from the throat were more resistant to the penicillins in pig farmers. The intestinal isolation of enterococci resistant to erythromycin or vancomycin was not significantly higher in pig farmers in contrast to that of enterobacteria resistant to nalidixic acid, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and streptomycin. Prevalence of resistance in predominant fecal enterobacteria was also significantly higher in pig farmers for cotrimoxazole, tetracycline, streptomycin, and nalidixic acid. We determined a significant association between pig farming and isolation of resistant commensal bacteria.     

浦东新区社会经济发展与医疗资源配置研究

该文通过分析上海浦东新区经济社会发展、人口状态和有关的居民健康状态,说明社会经济发展对医疗卫生事业发展的影响;通过对浦东新区医疗资源配置的数量、结构、发展趋势特点的分析提出相应的政策建议,为完善医疗卫生改革提供参考.     

镍钛记忆合金网状支架植入治疗喉气管狭窄

目的探讨镍钛记忆合金网状支架在喉气管狭窄的治疗及颈段气管重建术中的作用。方法回顾6例喉气管狭窄病例用镍钛记忆合金网状支架治疗及2例颈段气管肿瘤行气管切除术后用镍钛网状支架重建气管的临床资料。结果6例喉气管狭窄病人安放网状支架后，均呼吸顺畅；2例颈段气管重建术的病例也获良好疗效。随访11—28个月，呼吸道无狭窄征象。近期有效率100％。结论试用镍钛记忆合金网状支架可使狭窄的喉气管迅速扩张，明显地改善呼吸困难，具有使用方便、见效快、疗效可靠的优点，可作为喉气管狭窄的治疗手段之一，在颈段气管重建术中也有独特的应用效果。     

头孢克肟对儿科常见感染致病菌体外抗菌活性的研究

目的研究头孢克肟对小儿常见致病菌的体外抗菌活性，为儿科用药提供依据。方法E-test法测定头孢克肟对流感嗜血杆菌(HI)等5种共200株细菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)，并分别与氨苄西林、头孢克洛、青霉素等作对比研究。结果头孢克肟和头孢克洛对不产β内酰胺酶的HI均敏感，但对产β内酰胺酶HI，氨苄西林100％耐药，头孢克洛敏感率70％．而头孢克肟依然100％敏感。对产β内酰胺酶的卡他莫拉菌(MC)以及不产超广谱β内酰胺酶(ESBLs)的大肠埃希菌(E．coli)、肺炎克雷伯菌(K．pn)，头孢克肟抗菌活性均优于氨苄西林和头孢克洛。对青霉素敏感的肺炎链球菌(PSSP)和部分中介的肺炎链球菌(PISP)，头孢克肟也有良好的抗菌活性。结论头孢克肟对HI、MC、ESBLs(-)K．pn、ESBLs(-)E．coli、PSSP和部分PlSP均有强大的体外抗菌活性。     

炮制对桑白皮止咳平喘、利尿作用的影响

目的:对炮制前后桑白皮止咳平喘及利尿作用进行对比.方法:利用豚鼠离体气管条实验、豚鼠引喘实验,家兔及大鼠利尿实验,小鼠二氧化硫引咳实验考察炮制前后桑白皮的平喘、利尿及镇咳作用.结果:实验结果表明,蜜炙桑白皮对组胺所引起的豚鼠离体气管条收缩有明显的解痉作用,对组胺所引起的气道痉挛也有明显保护作用,作用强度与炮制前相当;在镇咳、利尿实验中,蜜灸后的桑白皮利尿作用减弱,而镇咳作用增强.结论:蜜炙桑白皮与生桑白皮相比,作用有一定差异.生桑白皮长于利尿,而炮制后止咳平喘作用加强.     

D-氨基半乳糖/内毒素诱导的急性肝衰竭与Th1/Th2失衡

目的:研究Th1/Th2失衡与D-氨基半乳糖/内毒素所致大鼠急性肝衰竭的关系.方法:30只Wistar大鼠腹腔内注射D-氨基半乳糖/内毒素诱导大鼠急性肝衰竭模型(AHF组),另取30只腹腔内注射等量生理盐水为正常对照(N组).两组动物于建模后3 h、6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h、72 h各取5只动物检测其血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)与肝组织的病理形态学变化;ELISA检测不同时间点动物血清中Th1/Th2型细胞因子(IFN-γ/IL-4)水平的变化.结果:AHF组肝组织显示炎细胞浸润和明显坏死的急性肝衰竭特征,且各时间点血清ALT值均明显高于N组(P＜0.05);AHF组与N组相比血清内Th1型细胞因子(IFN-γ)的增高在3 h(P＜0.01)、6 h(P＜0.01);Th2型细胞因子(IL-4)水平在各时间点无明显变化(P＞0.05).结论:在D-氨基半乳糖/内毒素所致大鼠急性肝衰竭模型中,存在Th1/Th2失衡,机体内发生了促炎反应,对此急性肝衰竭早期损伤起重要作用.     

电针膝眼穴治疗髌骨软化症的临床研究

目的：比较电针膝眼穴与口服双氯酚酸钠缓释剂治疗髌骨软化症的疗效、安全性．方法：本实验为的随机对照研究，患者随机分2组，每组30例，治疗组采取电针患肢膝眼穴，每次针刺20分钟．治疗隔日1次，连续治疗15次．对照组：口服双氯酚酸钠缓释片75mg，每日1次，连续口服30天，疗程结束后根据疗效评定标准进行疗效评估．结果：电针膝眼穴治疗髌骨软化症有显著疗效．结论：电针膝眼穴是治疗髌骨软化症的有效方法．对髌骨软化症的疗效明显优于口服双氯酚酸钠缓释片。