肝内胆管癌的诊断与治疗(附12例报告)

目的探讨肝内胆管癌发病的诊治方法。方法对我院1990年1月至2003年3月经手术和病理证实的12例肝内胆管癌病例资料进行回顾性分析。结果早期症状无特异性，AFP检查均为阴性，血CEA检查升高显著3例，4例术前诊断为肝内胆管癌，8例误诊，本组行根治性切除5例(41．6％)，姑息性手术7例。结论肝内胆管癌误诊率高，根治性手术率低，熟悉本病的临床特征，B超检查仍是首选方法。术中病理学检查是避免误诊漏诊的重要方法，根治性手术切除是本病最有效的治疗方法。     

脑干、三叉神经及大脑动脉环的可视化研究

目的 建立人体脑干、三叉神经及大脑动脉环的可视化数字模型。方法 采用首例中国数字化可视人体数据集，在SGI工作站上对脑干及其周围毗邻结构进行计算机三维重建并立体显示。结果 获得人体脑干、三叉神经及大脑动脉环等器官组织的三维重建结构，可对其进行任意径线和角度的适时三维测量。结论 首例中国数字化可视人体数据集能够提供完整而精确的解剖断面数据，脑干及其毗邻的三叉神经、大脑动脉环的可视化模型准确反映出该区域复杂的解剖学结构特点及其相邻器官间的空间毗邻关系，可为该区域的疾病的影像诊断和外科治疗提供形态学依据。     

带状疱疹患者血清IgE的测定与意义探讨

目的了解IgE在带状疱疹的发生、发展中的作用.方法采用ELISA双抗体夹心法,分别检测40例带状疱疹患者在患病期及临床治愈后血清IgE水平变化,并以20例正常人为对照组.结果患病组血清IgE水平高于对照组,P<0.01,治愈后血清IgE水平与对照组无统计学差异,血清IgE随着带状疱疹病情的好转而呈下降趋势.结论 IgE在带状疱疹的发生、发展中具有一定的临床意义,值得进一步研究.     

肾上腺皮质腺癌的诊断与治疗

目的 探讨肾上腺皮质腺癌的早期诊断、手术及围手术期处理。方法 回顾分析了1990年至2001年间31例肾上腺皮质腺癌临床资料．并与1978年至1989年同种病例作比较。结果 近10年患者病理分期更趋向早期，更易行根治性切除，5年的存活率明显提高。结论 影像学的发展，使患者易早期诊断；围手术期的充分准备是减少手术并发症及死亡率的关键。     

从人口性比例失调看汉魏时期道教的兴盛

自东汉中期“贱杀女子”等残害妇女的现象大肆泛滥，造成东汉中后期出现了比较严重的性比例失调问题以来，以于吉、宫崇、襄楷等人为代表的“太平道”，试图利用包含有“兴国广嗣之术”的《太平清领书》去挽救东汉政权的颓势；然而，东汉统治者不但没有正视这些民间知识阶层的政治诉求，反而将《太平清领书》视为妖妄之书，并束之高阁；以后，该书的内容颇为张角所用，不仅掀起了轰轰烈烈的黄巾起义，而且也开启了汉晋时期道教的建立和以“兴国广嗣之术”为主旨的道教由民间信仰逐步走向国教的发展历程。     

RGD-based strategies for selective delivery of therapeutics and imaging agents to the tumour vasculature

During the past decade, RGD-peptides have become a popular tool for the targeting of drugs and imaging agents to alphavbeta3-integrin expressing tumour vasculature. RGD-peptides have been introduced by recombinant means into therapeutic proteins and viruses. Chemical means have been applied to couple RGD-peptides and RGD-mimetics to liposomes, polymers, peptides, small molecule drugs and radiotracers. Some of these products show impressive results in preclinical animal models and a RGD targeted radiotracer has already successfully been tested in humans for the visualization of alphavbeta3-integrin, which demonstrates the feasibility of this approach. This review will summarize the structural requirements for RGD-peptides and RGD-mimetics as ligands for alphavbeta3. We will show how they have been introduced in the various types of constructs by chemical and recombinant techniques. The importance of multivalent RGD-constructs for high affinity binding and internalization will be highlighted. Furthermore the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of RGD-targeted therapeutics and diagnostics reported in recent years will be reviewed.     

微小切口胆囊切除术2260例效果观察

目的 总结微小切口胆囊切除术治疗胆道系统疾病的经验。方法 对2002-2004年连续收治的2260例胆囊、胆道系统疾病实施微小切口手术的临床观察资料进行回顾性分析。结果 本组2260例微小切口胆囊切除术的患者无一例因手术原因死亡；术后无残留小胆囊；无胆汁漏及腹腔脓肿，亦无伤口全层裂开及切口疝形成。结论 该术式损伤小、局部显露清楚、不易发生副损伤，可同时行胆总管探查术，特殊情况下可随时改变手术方式。     

伐地那非的安全性和耐受性

本文回顾了伐地那非治疗勃起功能障碍(erectile dysfunction,ED)的安全性和耐受性,包括其总体安全性、心血管安全性和视觉安全性。临床试验和实际应用的实践经验证明,最常见的不良事件为头痛、颜面潮红和鼻充血,并且多为轻、中度和一过性。无论在一般ED人群中还是在难治性ED人群中,无论是短期还是长期应用,伐地那非均有良好的安全性和耐受性。     

Pressure overload-induced transient oxidative stress mediates perivascular inflammation and cardiac fibrosis through angiotensin II.

Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases. We have shown that in Wistar rats with a suprarenal aortic constriction (AC), pressure overload-induced transient perivascular inflammation (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 [MCP-1] induction and macrophage accumulation) in the early phase is the determinant of reactive myocardial fibrosis and resultant diastolic dysfunction in the late phase. Thus, we investigated the role of reactive oxygen species production in cardiac remodeling in AC rats. Superoxide production and the footprint of lipid peroxidation were assessed using dihydroethidium staining and immunohistostaining against 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), respectively. In sham rats, dihydroethidium and 4-HNE signals were scarcely found in the heart. At day 3, AC rats showed dihydroethidium signals mainly in the intramyocardial arterial wall, whereas modest 4-HNE staining was observed diffusely in the myocardium. These signals declined to lower levels by day 14 despite sustained hypertension. Chronic administration of a subdepressor dose of an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker candesartan reduced the pressure overload-induced dihydroethidium and 4-HNE signals at day 3. Moreover, candesartan decreased MCP-1 induction and macrophage infiltration at day 3 and prevented myocardial fibrosis at day 14, without affecting left ventricle and myocyte hypertrophy. In conclusion, acute pressure overload induced self-limited superoxide production mainly in the vascular wall. The reactive oxygen species production would contribute to the perivascular inflammation and subsequent myocardial fibrosis. Angiotensin II was suggested to have a pressure-independent effect on the reactive oxygen species production.     

对慢性心力衰竭患者的心肺运动试验采用非线性分析可提高预测价值：摄氧效率斜率

目的:次极量运动过程中摄氧量(VO2)的降低,妨碍了对慢性心力衰竭(CH F)患者依据峰值运动VO2预测生存情况。摄氧效率斜率(OUES)是对运动的通气反应的非线性描绘,甚至在运动早期就可能反映出异常。作者评价了OUES的生理学意义及其对CH F患者预后信息的潜在价值。方法和结果:243例