基础医学专业研究生培养中存在的问题及对策

基础医学研究生教育是我国医学专业培养高级科研人才的主要方式。经过多年的教育实践,我国无论是在研究生培养的数量还是质量上都取得了一定的成绩,但目前针对基础医学专业研究生培养方面还存在明显的不足。本文对普通医学院校基础医学专业研究生培养中存在的问题进行了剖析,并提出基础医学研究生教育应控制招生规模,从培养方式和管理体制方面进行改革和完善,最终培养出高素质的基础医学创新人才。     

骨圆针内固定治疗锁骨移位骨折

目的 探讨锁骨移位骨折的最佳手术治疗方法。方法 对２１２例应用骨圆针内固定治疗锁骨移位骨折进行回顾性分析。结果 参照有关疗效评定标准,优２０５例,占９６．７％,占９６．７％,良６例,占２．８％,差１例,占０．５％。结论 骨圆针内固定治疗锁骨移位骨折具有操作简单,安全,可靠,符合生物力学原理,可免除长时间“８”字外固定或石膏外固定治疗锁骨移位骨折具有操作简单,安全,可靠,符合生物力学原理,可免除长时     

穿透支原体脂质相关膜蛋白诱导人单核细胞产生炎症性细胞因子

穿透支原体（M.penetrans，Mpe）是从感染人类免疫缺陷病毒的患者球液中分离出来的，被称为艾滋病相关支原体。Mpe能依靠其特殊的顶端结构黏附和入侵宿主的红细胞、CD4^＋T细胞和巨噬细胞等，但关于其对宿主的致病性及其可能的致病机制还不十分清楚。脂质相关膜蛋白（LAMPs）是暴露在Mpe表面与周围环境各种成分不断相互作用因而影响机体的免疫系统的一种主要蛋白。我们的研究证实，Mpe LAMPs能诱导小鼠巨噬细胞表达诱导性一氧化氮合酶和产生一氧化氮。     

Transforming Growth Factor-β_2 Gene Cloning and Protein Expression in Human Trabecular Meshwork Cells

Primary open- angle glaucoma (POAG) is aleading cause of blindness,which involves optic neu-ropathy accompanied by characteristic visual field de-fects and is often associated with elevated intraocularpressure due to disturbance ofaqueoushumor outflowthrough the trabecularmeshwork (TM) .The patho-physiology of the TM in POAG has been character-ized by an increasein extracellularmatrix componentsand a decrease in the number of TM cells[1,2 ] .It hasbeen found that,compared with the non- P…     

Apoptosis of Human Trabecular Meshwork Cells Induced by Transforming Growth Factor-β2 in vitro

Agraduallossofcellsoccurswithinthehumantrabecularmeshwork (TM )duringnormalagingandappearstobeincreasedinthepatientswithprimaryopenangleglaucoma (POAG) ,whichhasbeensug gestedtobeassociatedwith pathogenesisofPOAG[1,2 ].Ithasbeenfoundthat,comparedwiththeno…     

地方高校基础医学学位点建设现状分析与对策

学位点是高校培养高层次创新型人才的重要基地,也是高校办学层次和办学水平的重要标志。加强学位点建设是提升高校综合实力和学术地位的关键。文章探讨了某地方高校基础医学学位点的建设现状、存在的主要问题,结合当前社会需求和研究生教育发展趋势,提出了加强高层次人才引进,加快学科队伍建设;完善科技成果转化激励机制,健全成果转化平台建设以及构建高水平科研创新平台,加强学位点内涵建设等学位点建设的具体措施及建设成效,为培养高素质、具有创新精神和实践能力的拔尖创新人才提供有力支撑,也可为可其他地方性高等院校学位点建设在政策制定和实施方面提供参考依据。     

黏膜佐剂大肠埃希菌不耐热肠毒素B亚单位优化的淋病奈瑟菌孔洞蛋白B核酸疫苗的构建及其诱导小鼠的免疫应答

Objective To investigate the specific humoral immune response and cellular immune response induced by DNA vaccine with Neisseria gonorrhoeae porin B (PorB) fused with B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B (LTB) in mice. Methods Target genes of porB, ltB and ltB-porB were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned into eukaryotic vector pcDNA3.1(-). The recombinants were identified by PCR, enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing.The vectors were transfected into Hela cells, and expressed proteins were checked by cytoimmunofluorescence. Female BALB/c mice were intranasally immunized with recombination vectors. The humoral immune response and cellular immune response were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay. The expressions of recombination vectors in intranasal mucosal tissues of the immunized mice were detected by immunohistochemistry. The means between groups were compared by analysis of variance. Results All the three recombinants were expressed in Hela cells and intranasal mucosal tissues. The PorB specific IgG in serum and sIgA in vaginal secretions in DNA vaccine immunized mice were significantly higher than those in controls (P＜0.01 ; P＜0.05). Moreover, the sIgA level in pcDNA3.1 (-)/ltB-porB group was higher than that in peDNA3, 1(-)/porB group (P＝0. 002). The levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in the supernatants and stimulation index (SI) of spleen lymphocyte culture in pcDNA3, 1(-)/porB group were (170.04±23.89) pg/mL, (114.68±14.27) pg/mL and 1. 68±0.19, respectively; and those in pcDNA3, 1(-)/ltB-porB group were (161.42±27.50) pg/mL, (124.16±19.04) pg/mL and 1.73±0.28, respectively; which were both higher than those in pcDNA3.1(-)/ phosphate buffered saliae (PBS) group (P＜0. 01; P＜0.05) and pcDNA3.1 (-)/ltB group (all P＜0.05), while there was no significant difference between pcDNA3.1 (-)/ltB-porB group and pcDNA3. 1 (-)/porB group (0. 998, 0. 696, 0. 994; all P＞0.05). Conclusions The constructed DNA vaccines are all successfully expressed in Hela cells and murine intranasal mucosal tissues. The mucosal immunization of the vaccines [pcDNA3. 1 (- )/porB and pcDNA3.1 ( -)/ltBporB] could induce humoral immune response and cellular immune response, especially mucosal immune response. It is confirmed that mucosal adjuvant LTB could promote PorB to induce higher level of mucosal immune response in mice.     

吡喹酮治疗297例少年及儿童慢性血吸虫病的临床观察

吡喹酮是一种治疗血吸虫病的新药,可以治疗各型血吸虫病。根据1980年7月全国血研会吡喹酮协作组所拟订的临床研究实施方案,于1980年10月在浙江常山县阁底公社治疗297例少年期及儿童期慢性血吸虫病人。现将治疗情况与疗效考核的结果总结于后。     

植物血凝素(PHA)治疗血吸虫病的免疫学和临床观察

植物血凝素(Phytohemagglutinin,PHA)作为免疫刺激剂已广泛应用于肿瘤和白血病等患者,在传染病领域中,亦已有用于流行性出血热及病毒性肝炎等病的报道,在血吸虫病方面除徐兆骥等曾有初步报道外,国内外尚未见类似报告。为探讨PHA对血吸虫病患者的免疫功能、