肝癌术后监测血清AFP的临床意义(附70例报告)

为探讨肝癌术后监测血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)的临床意义，回顾性分析1996年2月至2002年3月间肝癌根治切除术后定期监测发现血清AFP阳性的70例患者AFP升高与肿瘤残留、复发或转移的关系。肝癌术后血清AFP升高可见于肝癌的残留或早期转移、肝癌的复发或转移、肝癌的再发以及晚期肝硬变4种情况。对肝癌患者术后定期作AFP检查，有助于检出AFP阳性肝癌患者的肿瘤残留及亚临床期复发转移，不仅适用于术前AFP阳性，而且适用于术前AFP阴性的肝癌患者。肝癌患者术后AFP下降，但不能降至正常，可能与晚期肝硬变肝脏内干细胞-卵圆形细胞代偿性增生有关。     

Adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation using extended right lobe grafts.

OBJECTIVE: The authors report their experience with living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) using extended right lobe grafts for adult patients under high-urgency situations. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: The efficacy of LDLT in the treatment of children has been established. The major limitation of adult-to-adult LDLT is the adequacy of the graft size. A left lobe graft from a relatively small volunteer donor will not meet the metabolic demand of a larger recipient. METHODS: From May 1996 to November 1996, seven LDLTs, using extended right lobe grafts, were performed under high-urgency situations. All recipients were in intensive care units before transplantation with five having acute renal failure, three on mechanical ventilation, and all with hepatic encephalopathy. The median body weight for the donors and recipients was 58 kg (range, 41-84 kg) and 65 kg (range, 53-90 kg), respectively. The body weights of four donors were less than those of the corresponding recipients, and the lowest donor-to-recipient body weight ratio was 0.62:1. The extended right lobe graft was chosen because the left lobe volume was <40% of the ideal liver mass of the recipient. RESULTS: Median blood loss for the donors was 900 mL (range, 700-1600 mL) and hospital stay was 19 days (range, 8-22 days). Homologous blood transfusion was not required. Two donors had complications (one incisional hernia and one bile duct stricture) requiring reoperation after discharge. All were well with normal liver function 5 to 10 months after surgery. The graft weight ranged from 490 g to 1140 g. All grafts showed immediate function with normalization of prothrombin time and recovery of conscious state of the recipients. There was no vascular complication, but six recipients required reoperation. One recipient died of systemic candidiasis 16 days after transplantation and 6 (86%) were alive with the original graft at a median follow-up of 6.5 months (range, 5-10 months). CONCLUSIONS: When performed by a team with experience in hepatectomy and transplantation, LDLT, using an extended right lobe graft, can achieve superior results. The technique extends the success of LDLT from pediatric recipients to adult recipients and opens a new donor pool for adults to receive a timely graft of adequate function.     

大鼠旁巨细胞外侧核的免疫细胞化学特性的研究

用免疫细胞化学ＰＡＰ法研究了５－羟色胺（５－ＨＴ）、Ｐ物质（ＳＰ）、亮氨酸脑啡肽（Ｌ－ＥＮＫ）和神经肽Ｙ（ＮＰＹ）阳性神经元在大鼠旁巨细胞外侧核（ＰＧＣＬ）的分布。结果表明：５－ＨＴ、ＳＰ和Ｌ－ＥＮＫ阳性细胞较多，从ＰＧＣＬ的吻端至尾端呈柱状分布，５－ＨＴ阳性细胞较靠近延髓腹侧表面和内侧，ＳＰ和ＬＥＮＫ阳性细胞分布的范围较广，靠近外侧；ＮＰＹ阳性细胞较少，多集中在ＰＧＣＬ的尾侧至中分的区域。     

延边地区各种肝病患者HBsAg携带者及单项ALT增高者中抗-HCV分布

自1991年11月到1992年2月,用酶联免疫吸附试验对延边地区87例各种肝病患者.65例HBsAg携带者及5例单项ALT增高者血清共157份进行了抗-HCV检测.33例呈阳性,总阳性率为21.0％,其中单项ALT增高者高达80.O％.其次.急性肝炎为35.2％.慢性迁延性肝炎为18.2％.HBsAg携带者为6.2％,肝硬化为0％.     

生殖激素检测在男性不育症诊断中的意义

本文报道了我院对３１５例男性不育症患者在第一次就诊时进行血清生殖激素ＦＳＨ、ＬＨ、Ｔ、ＰＲＬ、Ｅ２水平的检测，并进行详细的病史询问、常规体检和精液分析等检查。结果显示血清Ｔ值在不同的精子密度层次的男性不育症患者均呈正态分布。睾丸容积减少，ＦＳＨ、ＬＨ上升，Ｔ／ＬＨ下降，提示睾丸功能损害，并且Ｔ／ＬＨ的比值更能反映间质细胞的功能。血清ＰＲＬ和Ｅ２值在诊断高催乳素血症不育有意义，但在男性生育者和不生育者之间无明显差别。而且ＦＳＨ值在鉴别睾丸原发性与梗阻性无精子症是一项重要指标。作者讨论了血清生殖激素测定在不育症诊断中、在判定睾丸功能的损害程度中的意义。     

大鼠肝小肠联合移植模型的建立

本文报告一种封闭群大鼠进行的肝小肠联合移植模型。术中供体肝与小肠整块游离和灌注，分开切取。供肝原位、供肠异位移植于受体大鼠。主要血管用Ｋａｍａｄａ袖套法吻合，正式实验２１次，３天以上存活率为４３％。结果表明：减少手术时间和简化操作技术是提高成功率的关键因素和基本原则。     

巢湖水有机提取物致鱼红细胞DNA损伤的初步观察

目的　研究巢湖水有机提取物致突变性。方法　单细胞凝胶电泳技术测定鱼红细胞DNA损伤效应。结果　巢湖源水引起慧星细胞的百分率最高 (5 7.2 5 % ) ,滤前水最低 (2 7.6 3% ) ,出厂水经过二次加氯后慧星细胞的百分率有所上升 (4 4 .0 0 % )。结论　巢湖源水具有潜在致突变性 ,经混凝、活性炭吸附及沉淀处理后其DNA损伤作用有所下降 ,但氯化消毒可增加水中有机提取物的DNA损伤作用。     

5～14岁男性体格发育水平与性器官发育关系的研究

目的：探讨男性青少年体格发育水平与性器官发育关系。方法：收集4854例5—14岁男性青少年的身高、体重并计算出体质指数，测量阴茎的长度、周长和睾丸的纵径、横径，观察二者之间的关系。结果与结论：身高与阴茎的长度、周长和睾丸的纵径均呈二次方程曲线关联，而与睾丸横径无明显关联。体重和体质指数与阴茎有长度、周长和睾丸的纵径、横径无明显关联。     

蜂花粉醇提物对小鼠体外生成过氧化脂质的影响

组织器官的衰老与过氧化脂质的生成密切相关，本实验证明蜂花粉醇提物有明显的对抗小鼠肝、肾、脑组织在体外生成过氧化脂质的作用，证明蜂花粉具有延缓衰老的作用。     

一种改良大鼠异体肾移植模型的建立

目的：为开展器官移植的实验研究，建立大鼠异体肾移植模型。方法：用SD大鼠作为供体和受体，采用原位低温灌注，原位修剪，移植肾放置左侧，血管直接吻合，输尿管带膀胱瓣与膀胱吻合。结果：经过60次的实验，克服了移植物灌注、血管吻合、膀胱吻合等技术难关，建立了稳定实用的肾移植动物模型。手术成功率为80％左右。结论：此模型可以在一般的实验室条件下开展。有较高的成功率，符合肾移植实验研究的需要。