抗胃癌MG7单链抗体与重组超抗原SEB融合蛋白在体内外对胃癌细胞的杀伤作用研究

目的 研究SEB-scFv融合蛋白对胃癌的抑制作用.方法 在体外通过MTT法观察SEB-scFv融合蛋白对人胃癌细胞的增殖抑制作用;DNA ladder法观察融合蛋白对胃癌细胞凋亡的影响;在电子显微镜下观察融合蛋白处理后胃癌细胞的形态变化;流式细胞仪分析胃癌细胞凋亡率.采用胃癌动物模型观察治疗后肿瘤重量和存活时间.结果 胃癌细胞的增殖抑制率随SEB-scFv融合蛋白作用浓度的增加而逐渐增大,且对不表达MG7相关抗原的肿瘤细胞不表现杀伤效应;1.0μg/ml和10μg/ml高浓度融合蛋白组DNA凝胶电泳呈现明显的梯状条带;在电子显微镜下可观察到被融合蛋白活化的免疫效应细胞攻击后的胃癌细胞表现出典型的凋亡特征性变化;融合蛋白0.1μg/ml、1.0μg/ml、10μg/ml组细胞G0/G1期前有明显的凋亡峰出现,三者的凋亡率分别达到51.62%、54.21%和61.55%,而生理盐水组凋亡率仅为1.44%,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).融合蛋白治疗组大鼠移植瘤的瘤重明显低于其他各组(P＜0.05),抑瘤率高达61.3%,其生存时间为(31.7±2.1)d,存活时间延长达54.6%.结论 SEB-scFv融合蛋白作为一种新的抗肿瘤生物制剂有明显的抑癌效应.     

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1 病历介绍 病人男性,17岁.因大量鲜红色血便伴晕厥2d于2007年1月5日入院.2d前无明显诱因解大量鲜红色血便,无呕血.同时伴头昏,晕厥倒地1次.在当地医院输血1200mL后急诊转入我院.     

运用腹腔镜技术根治性切除直肠恶性肿瘤的临床应用研究

目的探讨运用腹腔镜外科技术根治性切除直肠恶性肿瘤的可行性与临床意义。方法回顾性分析运用腹腔镜技术根治性切除57例直肠肿瘤的手术方式与临床资料,其中高位直肠癌8例,中位直肠癌19例,低位直肠癌21例,肛管癌9例。结果55例在全腹腔镜或其辅助下完成根治性切除术,2例中转开腹手术;手术时间平均(136±25)min,平均出血量(85±38)mL;术后无伤口感染、腹腔出血、吻合口漏、狭窄;术后病理组织学检查,肿瘤标本切除长度(26.35±13.26)cm,切除淋巴结数目(12.35±9.67)个;随访4￣36个月,2例术后14个月、18个月腹腔广泛转移死亡。结论运用腹腔镜外科技术根治性切除直肠癌具有创伤小、恢复快,且在理论和技术上是安全可行的,近期疗效可,值得推广。     

十二指肠乳头气囊扩张术在肝外胆管结石内镜治疗中的应用

目的：探讨十二指肠乳头气囊扩张术(EPBD)治疗肝外胆管结石的有效性和安全性。方法：实施EPBD术38例。应用气囊将十二指肠乳头开口扩张至8mm，直接用取石网篮取石，当结石较大时先行机械碎石网碎石后再取石。术后鼻胆管引流，并造影复查。结果：37例成功完成EPBD，36例在EPBD后清除结石，7例附加机械碎石术。37例中，2例十二指肠镜下取石2次，1例再次ERCP时改为十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术(EST)后取石。37例中无出血、穿孔、重症胆管炎或重症胰腺炎发生，无术后胆管明显积气；9例出现高淀粉酶血症，72h内恢复。结论：EPBD后取石具有与EST后取石相近的成功率，出血风险低，胰腺炎并发症发生率并不高，机械碎石比例较ESr术后为高。适用于10mm肝外胆管结石的治疗。但对较大结石也可应用。     

Expressions of connexin and par-3 in the distal margin of rectal cancer after ultra-low anterior resection

This study examined the expression of connexin and protease-activated receptor 3 （par-3） in the distal resection margin of rectal cancer and the correlation of the expression of the two proteins with tumor relapse. A total of 40 patients with rectal cancer underwent ultra-low anterior resection with curved cutter stapler. The pathological specimens were divided into 3 groups in terms of sampling sites： tumor group, 2.0-cm group （in which the tissues were harvested 2.0 cm distal to the tumor tissues）, 3.0-cm group （in which the tissues were taken 3.0 cm away from the tumor tissues）. All the samples were pathologically observed and then measured for the expression of connexin and par-3 by employing immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The operations in this series went uneventfully. No anastomotic stoma bleeding, stenosis and death occurred postoperatively. Histopathologically, in the tumor group, epithelial cells lost normal pattern of arrangement and polarity, and were loosely connected and even detached. In the 3.0-cm group, the epithelia had normal appearance, obvious cell polarity and essentially intact cell junction. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting indicated that the 3.0-cm group had the strongest expression of connexin and par-3, and the expression in the 2.0-cm group and the tumor group was relatively weak. There existed significant difference in the expression of the two proteins among the three groups （P〈0.05 for all）. It was concluded that the down-regulated connexin and par-3 in the distal margin of rectal cancer tissues may indicate the progression of the disease and high likelihood of recurrence and metastasis. Although no tumor cells were found in the sections of the 2.0cm group, the decreased expression of connexin and par-3 may suggest the development of anaplasia and the increased odds of tumor relapse. Therefore, we are led to speculate that tumor resection only including 2.0 cm of unaffected rectum could not completely avoid the distant metastasis and local relapse.     

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目的评价经腹、膈肌裂孔途径行根治性切除累及食管下段近侧部进展期胃癌的可行性和有效性。方法1999～2001年针对20例经腹、膈肌裂孔途径切除全胃和食管下段的病人，收集手术时间、术中失血量、ICU治疗时间、切除标本病理资料。结果与20例经胸腹途径切除全胃和食管下段病人相比。结果经腹、膈肌裂孔手术时间较短，术中失血量减少，ICU治疗时间短。结论经腹、膈肌裂孔途径手术切除近侧部进展期胃癌是替代胸腹途径手术的合理手术方法，避免剖胸手术对病人的创伤。     

经腹正中切口显露食管裂孔的技巧

经腹正中切口显露食管裂孔的技巧同济医科大学附属协和医院普外科（武汉，４３００２２）卢晓明陈道达常规上腹正中切口上端止于剑突下，由于个体差异关系，两肋弓间角度大小和剑突长短变化大，当遇到肋弓角度小、剑突过长病人，常规正中切口对食管裂孔区域显露受到极大限...     

中国大陆人散发性先天性巨结肠症患者内皮素受体B基因的研究

目的 探讨中国大陆人散发性先天性巨结肠症（sHD）易患基因内皮素受体B（EDNRB）的突变与多态性特征。方法 以92例sHD及其中32例患儿双亲为研究对象，并以60例正常儿为对照。提取受检者外周静脉血DNA，采用聚合酶链反应-单链构象多态性技术（PCR-SSCP）对EDNRB基因外显子-2（exon-2）进行分析，并通过DNA测序检测阳性标本的核苷酸改变方式，与文献报道的其他种族sHD同一基因特征做比较。结果 全部标本EDNRB基因exon-2均未发现突变与多态性位点的存在。结论 中国大陆人sHD患者EDNRB基因的exon-2不存在突变与多态性位点。