香茶菜属植物的化学成分与药理作用研究进展

我们主要综述了国内近年来有关香茶菜属植物在化学成分、药理作用、临床应用方面的研究进 展,并且讨论了这一领域的研究方向。     

毛叶香茶菜中的二萜化合物

目的：对河南产毛叶香茶菜化学成分进行研究。方法：运用各种色谱技术和波谱分析对其化学成分进行分离鉴定。结果：分离鉴定了20个二萜化合物。结论：化合物1—3为三个新的对映-贝壳杉烷二萜类化合物，结构分别为7β，15β，16β—三羟基—6β，17β—二乙酰氧基—7α，20-环氧—对映—贝壳衫烷(1)、16（S)—6β，11α，17β—三羟基-6，20-环氧—1α，7β—内酯—6，7—断裂—对映—贝壳杉-15酮(2)和6α，11α—二海基—1α—乙酰氧基—7，20内酯—6，7—断裂—对映—贝壳杉—16—烯—15—酮(3)，依次命名为毛叶香茶菜丙素、丁素和戊素；化合物4和5为—对新化合物，其结构为3α，15α，1β6，17β，18β—五羟基。对映—松香—7(8)—烯的丙酮化物，其丙酮化缩合部分互为对映体，分别命名为毛叶香茶菜庚素(4)和辛素(5)。     

Protective effects of Scutellaria lindbergii root extract against oxidative-induced cell and DNA damage in mouse fibroblast-like cells

Context: Scutellaria lindbergii Rech. f. (Lamiaceae) is an Iranian species of Scutellaria which has been shown to exert antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic effects. Objective: The protective properties of total methanol extract (TME) of S. lindbergii and its fractions (defatted and CH₂Cl₂) were investigated against cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of H₂O₂ in NIH 3T3 cell line as non-malignant cells. Materials and methods: The cells were incubated with different concentrations of S. lindbergii root extracts [TME (15–250?μg ml^?1), defatted fraction (15–500?μg ml^?1) and CH₂Cl₂ fraction (5–40?μg ml^?1)] and toxic concentration of H₂O₂ (200?µM) at 37?°C for 2?h concurrently and Cell viability was quantitated by MTT assay. The antigenotoxic effect of extracts was investigated using comet assay. The cells were incubated with extracts [TME (25–250?μg ml^?1), defatted fraction (25–500?μg ml^?1) and CH₂Cl₂ fraction (5–40?μg ml^?1)] and H₂O₂ (25?µM) at 4?°C for 20?min, then the comet assay was performed. DNA damage was expressed as percentage tail DNA. Results: Total methanol extract of S. lindbergii and its fractions had a significant inhibitory effect on DNA damage. The IC₅₀ values of TME, defatted fraction and CH₂Cl₂ fraction against DNA damage were determined as 48, 138 and 8?μg ml^?1, respectively. Conclusion: S. lindbergii extracts can prevent oxidative DNA damage, which is likely due to its flavonoids and phenolic compounds as antioxidant constituents.     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定拟缺香茶菜中3个二萜类成分的含量

目的建立测定拟缺香茶菜药材中二萜类成分Kamebacetal-A、Kamebacetal-B、肾形香茶菜丙素的方法。方法采用固相萃取-高效液相色谱法(SPE-HPLC)测定3个二萜类成分的含量。使用Venusil C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)反相色谱柱;流动相:乙腈(A)-水(B)梯度洗脱;流速:1 m L/min;柱温:30℃;检测波长230 nm。结果拟缺香茶菜中Kamebacetal-A、Kamebacetal-B、肾形香茶菜丙素分别在0.056~0.448 g/L(r=0.999 2),0.002 6~0.020 8 g/L(r=0.999 4),0.016~0.128 g/L(r=0.999 7)内与峰面积成良好的线性关系;平均回收率分别为97.53%(RSD=2.16%),96.02%(RSD=2.01%),98.23%(RSD=2.10%)。结论所建立的方法灵敏、准确、稳定,可用于拟缺香茶菜中Kamebacetal-A、Kamebacetal-B、肾形香茶菜丙素的含量测定,为拟缺香茶菜抗肿瘤谱效关系的研究奠定基础。     

不同产地溪黄草中酚酸类成分测定和主成分分析

目的建立同时测定不同产地溪黄草中绿原酸、隐绿原酸、咖啡酸和迷迭香酸的高效液相色谱法,比较评价不同产地溪黄草质量的差异性。方法采用Cosmosil色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相甲醇–0.1%冰醋酸水溶液,梯度洗脱;体积流量1.0 mL/min;柱温30℃;检测波长330 nm;进样量10μL。采集溪黄草中4个成分定量数据,运用SIMCA13.0软件进行主成分分析(PCA),辅助结合正交偏最小二乘(OPLS)、聚类分析(HCA)进行判别。结果绿原酸、隐绿原酸、咖啡酸和迷迭香酸分别在0.014～0.280、0.026～0.520、0.012～0.240、0.240～4.800μg线性关系良好;平均回收率分别为100.63%、99.08%、99.30%、101.23%,RSD值分别为0.92%、1.34%、2.05%、0.86%。经主成分分析得出,咖啡酸和迷迭香酸是两个不同产地溪黄草构成差异的主要原因。结论 HPLC法同时测定溪黄草中4种酚酸类成分绿原酸、隐绿原酸、咖啡酸和迷迭香酸较为稳定,其中咖啡酸、迷迭香酸可作为区分不同产地溪黄草的质量标准之一。     

道真产淡黄香茶菜化学成分研究

目的研究道真产淡黄香茶菜Isodon flavidus化学成分,为淡黄香茶菜的进一步开发提供科学依据。方法采用硅胶、MCI gel、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱、半制备型HPLC和重结晶等方法对化合物进行分离纯化;借助MS、13C-NMR、1H-NMR、2D-NMR波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果从道真产淡黄香茶菜中分离得到了16个化合物,分别鉴定为3β,28-dihydroxyurs-12-ene(1)、1-acetoxyl-2E,6E-dipiperonyl-3,7-dioxabicyclo-[3,3,0]-octane(2)、3,4-secoisopimara-4(18),7,15-triene-3-oicacid(3)、β-胡萝卜苷(4)、猫眼草酚D(5)、E-植物醇(6)、棕榈酸(7)、桉油烯醇(8)、(2R,3S)-methyl-2-(5-oxo-2-isopropenylhexyl)-cyclopentanone(9)、sesaminone(10)、arboreol 2-O-methyl ether(11)、3-epicorosolic acid(12)、1-acetoxyl-2E-piperonyl-6E-(methoxyl-piperonyl)-3,7-dioxabicyclo-[3,3,0]-octane(13)、蔷薇酸(14)、咖啡酸甲酯(15)、2-phenylamio-1,4-naphthoquinone(16)。结论 16个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物3、9、15、16首次从该属中分离得到。     

Chemical composition of the essential oil and n-hexane extract of Stachys tmolea subsp. Tmolea Boiss., an endemic species of Turkey,and their mosquitocidal activity against dengue vector Aesdes aegypti

Stachys tmolea subsp. tmolea Boiss. is endemic to Turkey and is a species of the genus Stachys L. which is one of the largest genera of the family Lamiaceae with about 300 species. The aims of this study were to examine the chemical composition of the essential oil and n-hexane extract of S. tmolea subsp. tmolea as natural sources of insecticidal activity against the dengue vector, Aedes aegypti. Analysis of the essential oil by GC-FID and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) systems identified hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (15%), viridiflorol (10%), hexadecanoic acid (7%) and 9-geranyl-p-cymene (6%) as major components. The volatile components of the n-hexane extract were extracted using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and were analyzed using GC-MS. The principal constituents were 3,4-dimethyl decane (16%), 3-methyl-3-pentanol (15%), 2-methyl-2-pentanol (12%), 1,4-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) benzene (12%), heptanal (10%), acetic acid (6%) and decane (4%). Bioassay of the n-hexane extract, at 5 µg/mosquito, produced 90% mortality against adult Ae. aegypti while the S. tmolea essential oil demonstrated 13% mortality. No larvicidal activity was observed both in essential oil and n-hexane extract. Further studies are needed to assess the adulticidal activity of the responsible compounds in the crude extract.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定溪黄草中二萜类成分的含量

目的通过溪黄草中二萜成分含量测定方法的建立及商品药材质量分析,为溪黄草质量标准的制定提供依据。方法采用RP-HPLC法测定6,7-去氢罗伊林酮和(15S)-12,16-环氧-11,14-二羟基-8,11,13-松香烷-7-酮的含量;流动相:0.05%三氟乙酸-乙腈(25∶75),检测波长:210 nm;理论塔板数按6,7-去氢罗伊林酮计算应不低于6 000,按(15S)-12,16-环氧-11,14-二羟基-8,11,13-松香烷-7-酮计算应不低于5 000。结果11批次的测试样品中6,7-去氢罗伊林酮的含量范围在91.5~182.5μg.g-1,(15S)-12,16-环氧-11,14-二羟基-8,11,13-松香烷-7-酮的含量范围在35.4~84.2μg.g-1,建议药材中6,7-去氢罗伊林酮和(15S)-12,16-环氧-11,14-二羟基-8,11,13-松香烷-7-酮的含量限度分别不得低于113.4μg.g-1和52.3μg.g-1。结论经过系统的方法学考察,所建立的测定方法具有操作简便、稳定、专属、可重复的特点,可用于溪黄草药材及含溪黄草的复方制剂的质量控制。     

A new abietane diterpenoid from Isodon inflexus

A new ent-abietane diterpenoid, 3α,6β-dihydroxy-7,17-dioxo-ent-abieta-15(16)-ene (1), and three known ent-kaurane diterpenids, kamebacetal A (2), kamebakaurin (3), and excisanin A (4), and a known triterpenoid, ursolic acid (5), were isolated from the aerial parts of Isodon inflexus. Their chemical structures were determined by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data including 1D-and 2D-NMR experiments. All isolates (1–5) were evaluated for their potential to inhibit LPS-induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 cells. Of these, compounds 1–4 inhibited the production of NO with IC₅₀ values ranging from 1.0 to 26.5 μM.     

Chemical constituents of Isodon melissoides

Four new diterpenoids, melissoidesin E (1), F (2), G (4) and H (5), together with one known diterpenoid and two lignan glycosides, were isolated from aerial parts of Isodon melissoides. Their structures were established by spectral analysis and comparison with related compounds. The lignan glycosides (compounds 7 and 8) were the first examples to be isolated from the genus Isodon plants.