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排序方式: 共有479条查询结果,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
异烟肼、利福平治疗肺结核致肝毒性易感基因的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:探讨N-乙酰基转移酶(NAT2)基因型与异烟肼、利福平治疗肺结核致肝毒性的相关性。方法:通过聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR—RFLP)技术分析67例经利福平、异烟肼治疗后发生或未发生肝功能异常的肺结核患者NAT2基因多态性的部位、性质及发生率。结果:病例组和对照组857位密码子多态性分别是20.3%和7.1%,两组差异显著。结论:NAT2基因型与异烟肼和利福平所致肝毒性关系密切,其中857位密码子点突变可能是结核患者发生肝毒性的易感基因型之一。 相似文献
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H. R. van Doorn P. E. W. de Haas K. Kremer C. M. J. E. Vandenbroucke-Grauls M. W. Borgdorff D. van Soolingen 《Clinical microbiology and infection》2006,12(8):769-775
A previous limited study demonstrated that Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates with a mutation at amino-acid position 315 of katG (Delta315) exhibited high-level resistance to isoniazid and were more frequently resistant to streptomycin. In the present study, isoniazid-resistant M. tuberculosis isolates from 8,332 patients in The Netherlands (1993-2002) were screened for the Delta315 mutation. Isoniazid resistance was found in 592 (7%) isolates, of which 323 (55%) carried Delta315. IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis showed that Delta315 isolates occurred in clusters, suggesting recent transmission, at the same frequency as isoniazid-susceptible isolates. In contrast, other isoniazid-resistant isolates clustered significantly less frequently. Delta315 isolates were high-level isoniazid-resistant, streptomycin-resistant and multidrug-resistant significantly more often, and may have a greater impact on public health, than other isoniazid-resistant isolates. 相似文献
3.
Miguel Relvas Ana Beco Luciano Pereira Ana Oliveira Jos Silvano Rui Silva Nídia Marques Lurdes Santos Luís Coentro Manuel Pestana 《Seminars in dialysis》2021,34(1):83-88
In peritoneal dialysis (PD), a cloudy dialysate is an alarming finding. Bacterial peritonitis is the most common cause, however, atypical infections and non‐infectious causes must be considered. A 46‐year‐old man presented with asthenia, paraesthesia, foamy urine and hypertension. Laboratory testing revealed severe azotaemia, anaemia, hyperkalaemia and nephrotic‐range proteinuria. Haemodialysis was started through a central venous catheter. Later, due to patient preference, a Tenckhoff catheter was inserted. Conversion to PD occurred 3 weeks later, during hospitalization for a presumed central line infection. A month later, the patient was hospitalized for neutropenic fever. He was diagnosed an acute parvovirus infection and was discharged under isoniazid for latent tuberculosis. Four months later, the patient presented with fever and a cloudy effluent. Peritoneal fluid (PF) cytology was suggestive of infectious peritonitis, but the symptoms persisted despite antibiotic therapy. Bacterial and mycological cultures were negative. No neoplastic cells were detected. Mycobacterium tuberculosis eventually grew in PF cultures, despite previous negative molecular tests. Directed therapy was then initiated with excellent response. Thus, facing a cloudy effluent, one must consider multiple aetiologies. Diagnosis of peritoneal tuberculosis is hampered by the lack of highly sensitive and specific exams. Here, diagnosis was only possible due to positive mycobacterial cultures. 相似文献
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肝脏是药物在机体内代谢的主要场所。药源性肝损伤(drug-induced liver injury,DILI)是药物过量或不当使用导致的机体不良反应之一。非甾体类抗炎药、抗菌药等均可能引起DILI。DILI发生机制主要与细胞色素P450酶、线粒体功能障碍、药物代谢反应、氧化应激、炎症反应等密切相关。中药可通过抑制氧化应激、炎症反应、减少细胞凋亡与影响细胞色素P450酶系统等发挥治疗肝损伤作用。通过对DILI发生机制、动物模型建立方法及中药干预机制等方面进行总结归纳,为DILI动物模型的合理选择及中药防治机制研究提供参考。 相似文献
5.
异烟肼预防食管良性狭窄的实验与应用研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
探讨异烟肼预防食管良性狭窄的作用。方法分动物实验及临床应用两部分,动物实验采用家犬20只,分为3组,按Davis动物模型致伤为深Ⅱ度食管腐蚀伤,采用异烟治疗,临床应用系对26例食管食性狭窄患者采取扩张术后异烟治疗以预防食管再狭窄。结论异烟能够防治食管良性狭窄,在临床工作中有一定的推广价值。 相似文献
6.
水飞蓟宾胶囊对异烟肼和利福平肝损害小鼠的保护作用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的:观察水飞蓟宾胶囊(SC)对异烟肼(INH)与利相干(RFP)合用致肝损伤小鼠的保护作用。方法:测定肝损伤小鼠在给予SC后肝指数、血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)的活性,肝匀浆中谷胱甘肽(GSH)及丙二醛(MDA)的含量,肝微粒体中细胞色素P450含量及其亚型2E1的活性。结果:SC可对抗INH和RFP合用引起的肝指数、血清ALT水平、肝匀浆中的MDS含量及P450、4502E1活性的升高,增加GSH含量;病理学检查SC能明显减轻肝细胞的变性和坏死。结论:SC对INH和RFP肝毒性的保护作用与其稳定肝细胞膜、抑制脂质过氧化反应、清除自由基、抑制药物代谢酶有关。 相似文献
7.
《Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals》2005,48(5):363-377
Recent advances in the chemistry of radiolabeling with 99mTc such as use of the 99mTc tricarbonyl and 99mTc–HYNIC cores have revived interest in 99mTc‐labeling of small biomolecules and further investigation as potential radiopharmaceuticals. Isoniazid, a drug commonly used for treatment of tuberculosis, has been chosen for the present study. Three distinct strategies were utilized to radiolabel isoniazid with 99mTc. In the direct labeling protocol, the hydrazino amide functional group of isoniazid was used for 99mTc‐labeling in the HYNIC sense using tricine and EDDA as co‐ligands. The other strategies of 99mTc‐labeling involved the derivatization of isoniazid to its N, N‐diacetic acid derivative, which in turn was either used as a tridentate ligand for labeling with the [99mTc(CO)3(H2O)3]+ synthon or directly labeled by the conventional route wherein 99mTc is in the +3 oxidation state. The complexes prepared in >95% yields were characterized by paper chromatography, thin layer chromatography and HPLC. Comparison of the three approaches showed that maximum specific activity and stability was obtained in the 99mTc–isoniazid derivative synthesized via the tricarbonyl method. However, in vitro cell‐binding studies indicated that none of the 99mTc–isoniazid complexes prepared had any appreciable uptake in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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[摘要] 目的 运用熔解曲线间隔区寡核苷酸分型(melting curve spacer oligonucleotide typing, McSpoligotyping)方法对宜昌地区耐多药结核分枝杆菌进行基因分型,以评价其在结核病流行病学调查中的应用价值。方法 选择2019年1月—2020年12月耐多药菌株77株作为实验组,并以异烟肼和利福平敏感菌株110株作为对照组,运用McSpoligotyping方法进行基因分型,将分型结果与SpolDB4.0数据库进行比对分析。结果 187株菌株中北京基因型116株(62.03%),非北京基因型71株(37.97%)。对照组110株中北京基因型60株(54.55%),其中数量最多的1组国际型别编码(spoligotype inter-national type, SIT)为1的北京基因型共44株(40.00%);非北京基因型50株(45.45%),以T族、Manu族常见。实验组77株中北京基因型56株(72.73%),其中数量最多的1组为 SIT为1的北京基因型共44株(57.14%),非北京基因型21株(27.27%),以T族、Manu2族常见。实验组北京基因型菌株所占比例与对照组差异有统计学意义。实验组成簇率(79.22%)与对照组成簇率(79.09%)差异无统计学意义。结论 北京基因型菌株是宜昌地区结核病的主要流行菌株,在耐多药结核病患者中北京基因型菌株更为流行。耐多药结核菌株有一定的遗传多态性。McSpoligotyping方法操作简单、快速、对于结核病分子流行病学研究具有重要意义。 相似文献