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1.
5名电离辐射事故患者外周血T细胞T细胞抗原受体、T细胞分化抗原决定簇-3效应的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文中报道了5名事故性急性骨髓型放射病患者照后2.5和3.5年外周血T淋巴细胞T细胞受体(TCR)基因,TCR、T细胞分化抗原决定簇-3(CD_3)表达与TCR/CD_3复合物功能的辐射效应.发现5名患者于照后2.5年,2名(5.2Gy和2.4Gy,55岁)于照后3.5年外周血T细胞应答抗CD3单抗刺激而增殖的能力尚未完全恢复;经同时用IL-2和抗CD_3单抗刺激,增殖能力比单用抗CD_3单抗刺激有所增强;后2名的外周血TCR、CD_3阳性细胞百分率一直低于正常对照和其他患者;并见一患者出现DNA重排杂交带型.本文并从TCR/CD_3在介导T细胞抗原刺激反应中的作用,电离辐射对TCR/CD_3复合物的影响,后果和意义等方面进行了讨论. 相似文献
2.
常规染色体畸变分析法对AT细胞高辐射敏感性的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的 研究毛细血管扩张性共济失调症(ataxia-telangiectasia,AT)患者皮肤的成纤维细胞系AT5BIVA(AT细胞)的高辐射敏感性。方法 以源于正常人皮肤的成纤维细胞系GM0639(GM细胞)为对照,用常规染色体畸变分析法,在AT细胞和GM细咆经60COγ射线0、1、2、3、4 Gy照射后,观察比较AT细胞和GM细胞之间染色体畸变率(CAF)的差异,并分别进行曲线拟合。结果 在0、1、2、3、4 Gy剂量下,AT细胞染色体畸变率明显高于GM细胞(P<0.05);AT和GM细胞染色体畸变率与剂量成正相关,均可拟合成剂量效应直线方程Y=a+bX,且AT细胞剂量效应直线回归方程斜率明显大于GM细胞(P<0.05)。结论 AT患者AT细胞的辐射敏感性显著高于GM细胞,具有高辐射敏感性。 相似文献
3.
低剂量电离辐射对小鼠免疫器官cAMP和儿茶酚胺含量的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文报道,75mGy/(12.5mGy/min)单次全身X射线照射后9小时用SRBC免疫C57BL/6小鼠,在免疫后4天和7天脾脏、胸腺和下丘脑cAMP含量均降低;而在免疫后4天脾脏去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素和酪氨酸含量均增高,免疫后7天肾上腺素含量仍持续增高;当连接γ射线65mGy(0.015mGy/min,6h/d)全身照射小鼠后即刻或29小时后免疫,脾脏和下丘脑cAMP含量也均降低。提示,低剂量 相似文献
4.
本实验观察了大鼠全身照射不同剂量(4~25Gy)及全腹部照射(10Gy)后胃酸分泌的变化并用RIA方法测定照射后胃窦及血清中胃泌素水平.结果表明,全身8~25Gy照射后第3天,腹部10Gy照射后1~6周,胃酸分泌明显抑制.主现表现为胃液中[H~+]分泌的抑制,致使照射后胃液酸度降低.10Gy以上剂量照射使胃泌素释放增加,表现为血清胃泌素明显升高,胃窦胃泌素明显减少,导致照射引起的"低胃酸、高胃泌素血症".这种表现与人的某些萎缩性胃炎或恶性贫血的状况相似. 相似文献
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SOD对电离辐射诱导不同肿瘤细胞ROS水平和凋亡的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的 研究ROS产生与电离辐射诱导细胞凋亡的关系,探讨SOD对:H22肝癌、Lewis肺癌、Hela宫颈癌细胞辐射敏感性的影响及机制。方法利用化学比色法测定肿瘤细胞中的ROS的水平,利用流式细胞仪测定肿瘤细胞凋亡。结果X线照射三种肿瘤细胞可通过产生ROS而诱发其凋亡,应用SOD在照射16h后对Lewins细胞的ROS水平无明显影响,而H22细胞和Hela细胞的ROS水平明显降低。SOD对:Hela宫颈癌细胞具有辐射保护作用,对Lewis肺癌细胞具有辐射增敏作用,对H22肝癌荷瘤小鼠肿瘤细胞辐射增敏性无明显影响。结论SOD通过改变肿瘤细胞的:ROS水平和参与其凋亡的分子生物学机制影响肿瘤细胞的辐射增敏性。 相似文献
8.
Ion Udroiu Antonio Antoccia Antonella Sgura 《International journal of radiation biology》2017,93(3):261-269
Purpose: To investigate the genotoxic effects of prenatal X-irradiation in mice and the possible presence of late genomic instability.Materials and methods: Pregnant mice were exposed to 0, 1 or 2?Gy at embryonic day 11.5. Blood smears were obtained from pups at birth and on post-natal day 11, 21, 42 and 140. Hematological data (diameter of erythrocytes, percentage of reticulocytes and Granulocyte-to-Lymphocyte ratio [GLR]) and genotoxicity (micronucleated erythrocytes, micronucleated reticulocytes, CREST-positive and negative micronuclei) were assessed.Results: Prenatal irradiation caused perinatal reticulocytosis (which ended on postnatal day 11) and a dose-dependent increase of GLR (indicative of myeloid skewing) on postnatal days 42 and 140. Two temporally distinct genotoxic effects were observed: an early, acute damage (still detectable at birth and soon after) and a late, long-term damage.Conclusions: Increases in micronuclei frequencies and GLR observed from day 42 on are both ascribable to DNA damage. Time of appearance of this late effect may be linked to the shift of hematopoiesis from spleen to bone marrow and to cell-extrinsic factor such as the microenvironment. This study confirms that ionizing radiation can induce long-term genotoxic effects in the hematopoietic system and shows that prenatal irradiation determines genomic instability in blood-forming tissues of adult mice. 相似文献
9.
Laura Teodori Anna Giovanetti Maria Cristina Albertini Marco Rocchi Barbara Perniconi Maria Giovanna Valente Dario Coletti 《Journal of radiation research》2014,55(2):218-227
Although static magnetic fields (SMFs) are used extensively in the occupational and medical fields, few comprehensive studies have investigated their possible genotoxic effect and the findings are controversial. With the advent of magnetic resonance imaging-guided radiation therapy, the potential effects of SMFs on ionizing radiation (IR) have become increasingly important. In this study we focused on the genotoxic effect of 80 mT SMFs, both alone and in combination with (i.e. preceding or following) X-ray (XR) irradiation, on primary glioblastoma cells in culture. The cells were exposed to: (i) SMFs alone; (ii) XRs alone; (iii) XR, with SMFs applied during recovery; (iv) SMFs both before and after XR irradiation. XR-induced DNA damage was analyzed by Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis assay (comet assay) using statistical tools designed to assess the tail DNA (TD) and tail length (TL) as indicators of DNA fragmentation. Mitochondrial membrane potential, known to be affected by IR, was assessed using the JC-1 mitochondrial probe. Our results showed that exposure of cells to 5 Gy of XR irradiation alone led to extensive DNA damage, which was significantly reduced by post-irradiation exposure to SMFs. The XR-induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential was to a large extent averted by exposure to SMFs. These data suggest that SMFs modulate DNA damage and/or damage repair, possibly through a mechanism that affects mitochondria. 相似文献
10.
Aleksey V. Larionov Maxim Y. Sinitsky Vladimir G. Druzhinin Valentin P. Volobaev Varvara I. Minina Maxim A. Asanov 《International journal of radiation biology》2016,92(8):466-474
Purpose: To study polymorphic variants of repair genes in people affected by long-term exposure to radon. The chromosome aberration frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes was used as the biological marker of genotoxicity.Materials and methods: Genotyping of 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms in DNA repair genes (APE, XRCC1, OGG1, ADPRT, XpC, XpD, XpG, Lig4 and NBS1) was performed in children with long-term resident exposure to radon. Quantification of the aberrations was performed using light microscopy.Results: The total frequency of aberrations was increased in carriers of the G/G genotype for the XpD gene (rs13181) polymorphism in recessive model confirmed by the results of ROC-analysis (‘satisfactory predictor’, AUC?=?0.609). Single chromosome fragments frequency was increased in carriers of the G/G genotype in comparison with the T/T genotype. In respect to the total frequency of aberrations, the G/G genotype for the XpG gene (rs17655) polymorphism was also identified as a ‘satisfactory predictor’ (AUC?=?0.605). Carriers of the T/C genotype for the ADPRT gene (rs1136410) polymorphism were characterized by an increased level of single fragments relative to the T/T genotype.Conclusion: The relationships with several types of cytogenetic damage suggest these three SNP (rs13181, rs17655 and rs1136410) may be considered radiosensitivity markers. 相似文献