金桔胶囊抗炎镇痛、镇咳祛痰和免疫增强的药理学作用

目的:研究金桔胶囊抗炎镇痛、镇咳祛痰和免疫增强的药理学作用。方法:采用小鼠耳廓肿胀法和腹腔致炎法,观察金桔胶囊的抗炎作用;采用醋酸刺激扭体法复制小鼠疼痛模型,观察金桔胶囊的镇痛作用;采用氨水引咳法和酚红祛痰法观察金桔胶囊镇咳和祛痰作用;采用碳廓清法观察金桔胶囊对小鼠非特异性免疫功能的影响。结果:8.0、4.0 g/kg金桔胶囊能明显抑制二甲苯致小鼠耳廓炎性肿胀,延长小鼠扭体反应潜伏期、减少扭体次数,延长小鼠咳嗽潜伏期、减少咳嗽次数,增加小鼠气管的酚红排泌量(P<0.05),升高碳廓清指数及吞噬指数(P<0.05);8.0、4.0、2.0 g/kg金桔胶囊能降低醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论:金桔胶囊具有明显的抗炎镇痛、镇咳祛痰和免疫增强作用。     

复方黄毛豆腐柴搽剂免疫增强的实验研究

目的观察复方黄毛豆腐柴搽剂免疫增强作用。方法采用单核巨噬细胞吞噬试验方法,复方黄毛豆腐柴搽剂以2.25 g生药/ml和0.75 g生药/ml剂量分别给小鼠连续腹部涂药5 d。结果复方黄毛豆腐柴搽剂大、小剂量组均能明显提高单核巨噬细胞吞噬指数K值,分别与阴性对照组比较均有统计学意义,P<0.05。结论复方黄毛豆腐柴搽剂具有显著的免疫增强作用。     

羊胎盘免疫调节因子对 60Co γ射线致免疫损伤小鼠T细胞免疫功能的促进作用

目的 研究羊胎盘免疫调节因子对⁶⁰Co γ射线辐射所致免疫损伤小鼠T细胞功能的影响。方法 5 Gy ⁶⁰Co γ射线一次性全身照射建立BALB/c小鼠免疫损伤动物模型,MTT法测定ConA 诱导的T淋巴细胞的增殖反应;直接免疫荧光抗体标记,FACS分析测定脾淋巴细胞CD₃、CD₄、CD₈阳性细胞百分率、胸腺淋巴细胞CD₄ CD₈亚群细胞数目;ELISA法检测血清IL-2、IFN-γ水平。结果 羊胎盘免疫调节因子显著促进ConA 诱导的T淋巴细胞增殖,提高⁶⁰Co γ射线所致免疫损伤小鼠CD₃⁺、CD₄⁺和CD₈⁺阳性细胞百分率及胸腺细胞CD₄⁺ CD₈^-和CD₄^- CD₈⁺单阳性亚群数目,减少胸腺细胞CD₄⁺ CD₈⁺双阳性亚群数目,促进小鼠血清IL-2、IFN-γ的生成水平。结论 羊胎盘免疫调节因子对⁶⁰Co γ射线辐射所致免疫损伤小鼠T细胞免疫功能具有促进作用。     

LOW DOSE IONIZING RADIATION DOES NOT CAUSE RATIO CHANGES OF REGULATORY T SUBSETS IN MOUSE SPLEEN

<正> C57BL/6 mice were whole-body irradiated with 75 mGy X-rays with or without SRBC immunization. The splenic lymphocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry with fluorescent monoclonal antibodies 4 and 7 days after irradiation. No significant changes were found in the ratio of helper to suppressor T lymphocytes after irradiation, no matter it was calculated from the percentage or the absolute number of the subsets. However, 4 days after irradiation plus immunization, the ratio was higher than that in the group with irradiation alone and that in the group with immunization alone probably due to the significant increase in number of the helper T cells in the spleen. The present study demonstrated that ionizing radiation per se in a dose within 0. 1 Gy would not significantly change the ratio of regulatory T subsets.     

不同剂量环磷酰胺对小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的探索不同剂量环磷酰胺(CTX)对正常小鼠免疫功能的影响,为CTX临床应用提供实验数据。方法 C57BL/6小鼠24只,随机分为对照组、低剂量组和高剂量组,分别给生理盐水(NS)、低剂量和高剂量的CTX,检测血常规、Treg比率、T细胞和B细胞增殖功能及巨噬细胞吞噬功能、细胞增殖周期及凋亡比率。结果 RBC、WBC、PLT数量在高剂量组显著降低,对照组与低剂量组无差异;Treg占CD4+T细胞的比例在低剂量组显著下降,对照组与高剂量组无差异;T、B细胞增殖指数及巨噬细胞吞噬功能在低剂量组高于对照组和高剂量组,高剂量组低于对照组;细胞凋亡比率在高剂量组明显增加,对照组与低剂量组间无差异;高剂量组细胞阻滞在S期,对照组与低剂量组间无差异。结论低剂量CTX通过下调Treg、增强免疫细胞的功能,促进机体免疫;而高剂量CTX通过抑制DNA的复制、促进细胞凋亡和降低免疫细胞功能,使机体处于免疫抑制状态。相关数据可以为CTX的临床应用提供借鉴。     

两种基因工程乙肝疫苗加强接种的免疫效果研究

目的：探讨两种基因工程乙肝疫苗加强接种的免疫效果。方法：选择２４４名５２～６０月龄出生时已全程接种乙肝疫苗的儿童,检测ＨＢｓＡｇ、抗－ＨＢｃ、ＡＬＴ及抗－ＨＢｓ滴度,随机分Ａ、Ｂ两组,分别加强接种一针重组酵母基因乙肝疫苗、细胞产基因工程乙肝疫苗,均为５μｇ,一月后复查抗－ＨＢｓ滴度。结果：Ａ、Ｂ两组加强后抗－ＨＢｓ阳转率分别为９６．７７％、１００％,ＧＭＴ较加强前分别上升１０．７１、１２．２６倍,     

注射用胸腺五肽(TP-5)对肿瘤化疗病人的免疫增强作用

目的：验证注射用胸腺五肽（TP－5）对肿瘤化疗病人免疫功能低下治疗的临床疗效及安全性。方法：30例恶性肿瘤患者随机分为试验组（化疗加TP－5）及对照组（化疗加安慰剂）。TP－5及安慰剂与化疗同时开始使用,每日肌注一次,共用28天。定期检查血常规、免疫学指标、肝肾功能及ECG。结果：试验组有效率为100％,对照组有效率为26．7％（P＜0．05）。未发现与TP－5有关的肝肾功能损害及ECG改变。结论：TP－5具有改善肿瘤化疗病人细胞免疫功能的作用,临床应用安全可靠。     

一株具免疫增强活性红树林真菌的筛选及鉴定

目的对海南红树林土壤层中分离和筛选具有免疫增强活性的真菌菌株进行鉴定,探讨红树林真菌在免疫调节方面的应用价值。方法通过MTT法对分离自红树林的真菌发酵上清进行检测,筛选具有免疫增强活性的菌株,结合形态学特征和rDNAITS序列分析确定其种属分类地位。结果共分离到真菌325株,其中有12株具有促进人外周血淋巴细胞增殖作用,其中菌株PH0016有较强效果。菌落形态观察、光学显微观察、rDNAITS序列测定鉴定菌株PH0016为淡紫色拟青霉（Paeeilomyces lilacinus）。结论PH0016是一株淡紫色拟青霉,其发酵上清具有一定的免疫增强活性,值得进一步研究其活性代谢产物。     

Ethanol as a Possible Cofactor in the Development of Murine AIDS

Chronic ethanol (EtOH) abuse in humans leads to a variety of immuno-modulatory events that can alter resistance to a number of infectious agents. Whether alcohol abuse affects the susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus infection or the subsequent development of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a matter of extreme importance; however, available information in humans or animal models is limited. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of chronic EtOH feeding in mice on the development of immunodeficiency in the murine model of AIDS (MAIDS). C57BV6 mice were placed on the Lieber-DeCarli liquid EtOH diet pS% or 31% total caloric intake) or a nutrient-matched isocaloric Quid control diet. Seven days later, mice were infected with the LP-BMS murine leukemia virus mixture, and groups of infected and noninfected mice were assayed at defined time points postinfection for antigen-specific and nonspecific immune responses. In the absence of retroviral infection, chronic EtOH feeding (5–8 weeks) led to reductions in spleen weights, compared with isocaloric controls. In spite of reduced spleen size, mitogenic responses of spleen cells to concanavalin A (ConA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were elevated in EtOH-fed mice, as compared with mice fed the control diet. Chronic EtOH feeding also enhanced the allogeneic mixed lymphocyte response and increased antigen-specific priming of both B-cells and CD4⁺ T-cells to the antigen, sheep red blood cells. In MAIDS-infected mice, chronic EtOH feeding delayed but did not prevent the onset of virus-induced immunodeficiency and MAIDS-induced autoantibody synthesis. In contrast to mice with MAIDS infection alone, infected mice fed an EtOH diet displayed significant mitogenic responses to ConA and LPS at 4 weeks postinfection; however, at 8 weeks postinfection, both groups were completely immunosuppressed. Liver damage was detected in all groups of EtOH-fed mice, as indicated by the elevated liver enzymes, ALT and‘ASR moreover, MAIDS infection did not alter the extent of liver damage caused by EtOH feeding. These data suggest that chronic feeding of the Lieber-DeCarli EtOH diet in mice can lead to immune enhancement and that under these conditions causes a delay in the onset of MAIDS. Whether these results are caused by the effects of chronic exposure of the immune system to EtOH or to elevated Went levels in the standard Lieber-DeCarli liquid EtOH diet is discussed.     

“Radiation Hormesis”中的剂量率效应

为了揭示不同剂量率Ｘ射线低剂量全身照射对低剂量辐射兴奋效应（ＲａｄｉａｔｉｏｎＨｏｒｍｅｓｉｓ）的影响，采用不同剂量率（１２．７ｍＧｙ／ｍｉｎ和０．２Ｇｙ／ｍｉｎ）对Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠进行低剂量全身照射，研究了低剂量辐射兴奋效应中的剂量率效应。结果表明：采用不同剂量率Ｘ射线照射同一剂量时，所引起的生物效应不同。剂量率为１２．７ｍＧｙ／ｍｉｎ时，脾细胞３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ参入量对ＣｏｎＡ的反应性明显增强，尤其以７６．７ｍＧｙ和１０５．５ｍＧｙ照射组最为显著（Ｐ＜０．０１），表现出明显的辐射免疫兴奋效应。而剂量率为０．２Ｇｙ／ｍｉｎ时，在１０５．５ｍＧｙ以内，脾细胞３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ参入量对ＣｏｎＡ的反应性无明显变化。该结果提示：高剂量率低剂量全身照射不能引起低剂量辐射兴奋效应。