A Pre-Protocol/Post-Protocol Quality Improvement Initiative Specific to One Hospital for Security of Pathologic Specimen

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to reduce errors in a pathologic specimen with the help of a protocol systematizing the pathology specimen management process in the operating room.Materials and methodThis quasi-experimental study was carried out in the operating room unit of a research and training hospital. A protocol systematizing the process of specimen management in secure surgical pathology and prepared in light of the current literature was used as an intervention, and the effectiveness of the protocol was tested.ResultsIt was determined that the rate of adverse events decreased from .3226% (68 of 21,078) to .032% (6 of 18,706) after the protocol systematizing the surgical pathology specimen management process prepared by the researchers, and the protocol was found to be effective by 90% (P = .03).ConclusionBased on the data obtained in this study, we recommend the use of a pathologic specimen management protocol in the operating room.     

不完全契约理论视阈下某跨区域医联体核心医院运行效率评价研究

目的对某跨区域医联体核心医院的运行效率进行评价，以不完全契约理论为分析视角探讨影响因素，为深化医联体建设提供借鉴和参考。方法收集2014年-2021年核心医院相关数据，采用DEA数据分析方法，计算运行效率变化情况。结果核心医院各项投入明显增加，医疗业务产出同步增长，医院运行效率经历了动态波动后持续向好。结论通过构建管理共同体，逐步优化契约，争取医保政策支持，合作共建初见成效。     

Harnessing Behavioral Economics Principles to Promote Better Surgeon Accountability for Operating Room Cost: A Prospective Study

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Inactivated influenza vaccine formulated with single-stranded RNA-based adjuvant confers mucosal immunity and cross-protection against influenza virus infection

Influenza vaccination is considered the most valuable means to prevent and control seasonal influenza infections, which causes various clinical symptoms, ranging from mild cough and fever to even death. Among various influenza vaccine types, the inactivated subunit type is known to provide improved safety with reduced reactogenicity. However, there are some drawbacks associated with inactivated subunit type vaccines, with the main ones being its low immunogenicity and the induction of Th2-biased immune responses. In this study, we investigated the role of a single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) derived from the intergenic region in the internal ribosome entry site of the Cricket paralysis virus as an adjuvant rather than the universal vaccine for a seasonal inactivated subunit influenza vaccine. The ssRNA adjuvant stimulated not only well-balanced cellular (indicated by IgG2a, IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α) and humoral (indicated by IgG1 and IL-4) immune responses but also a mucosal immune response (indicated by IgA), a key protector against respiratory virus infections. It also increases the HI titer, the surrogate marker of influenza vaccine efficacy. Furthermore, ssRNA adjuvant confers cross-protective immune responses against heterologous influenza virus infection while promoting enhanced viral clearance. Moreover, ssRNA adjuvant increases the number of memory CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells, which can be expected to induce long-term immune responses. Therefore, this ssRNA-adjuvanted seasonal inactivated subunit influenza vaccine might be the best influenza vaccine generating robust humoral and cellular immune responses and conferring cross-protective and long-term immunity.     

手术室细节护理管理在医院感染控制中的应用评价

目的探讨手术室细节护理管理在医院感染控制中的应用效果。方法选定2017年1月-2018年3月该院收诊的160例手术室患者,按照管理方法的不同分为观察组(细节护理管理)80例与对照组(传统护理管理)80例,比较两组手术室患者的护理质量、并发症发生率、感染发生率、护理满意度、收缩压。结果观察组护理管理后的护理安全(82.23±6.14)分、体征监测(93.46±6.23)分、体位协助(87.32±4.65)分、器械准备(91.57±6.21)分、文书记录(90.24±4.92)分、护理满意率(98.75%)均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组护理管理后的并发症发生率(2.50%)、感染发生率(1.25%)、收缩压(121.37±6.26)mmHg均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论细节护理管理方法可有效提高手术室患者的护理满意度,减少其感染情况,值得推广使用。     

目标教学在手术室护理带教中的应用效果观察

目的观察目标教学在手术室护理带教中的应用效果。方法选取2018年9月—2019年6月期间,医院手术室的48名实习护士,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组各24例。对照组行传统护理带教方法,试验组行目标教学带教。对比带教后两组考核成绩及带教满意度。结果带教后,试验组职业防护意识、风险意识、无菌观念、常见小中手术配合熟练度、常见小中手术护理要点掌握、基本工作职责及流程掌握等评分与对照组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组专科操作、操作测评及理论测评成绩与对照组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论于手术室护理带教中应用目标教学,具有理想效果,有助于提升考核成绩及专业技能。     

手术室新护士三年阶梯式培训模式探讨

目的探讨手术室新护士三年培训模式和方法。方法采用三年阶梯式培养模式,建立完整的系统培训架构,包括培训对象的界定、培训原则及目的、培训目标师资队伍的培养、阶段培养计划、使用培训手册、培训考核体系的建立、培训评价体系的建立等。结果新护士培训系统、科学。结论新护士三年阶梯式培养值得深入研究和推广应用。     

设立门诊健康教育室需求的调查与分析

且的调查和分析门诊设立健康教育室的可能性与必要性，使门诊健康教育工作变得更规范．更系统。更科学、更有效，更经济。方法采用发放问卷的形式，随机对2004年1月-2006年1月在上海市桌三级综合性医院门诊就诊的200例病人进行不记名调查、统计和分析．结果病人在门诊就诊时普遍认为健康教育现状不够理想，而对健康教育需求较迫切，对于开设健康教育室十分受欢迎。结论门诊设立健康教育室可将现有的医院内存在的、分散的、不同形式的健康教育工作纳入一个集中、统一的部门，有利于提高门诊健康教育质量。     

外科手术患者1 820例术前几种传染病感染情况

目的了解内蒙古自治区医院各类需要外科手术治疗患者的乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）、艾滋病病毒（HIV）和梅毒的感染情况，以便合理地采取相应的措施，减少交叉感染的发生。方法采用ELISA法检测需手术患者血清中HBV抗原和抗体及HIV、苍白密螺旋体（TP）抗体。结果被检对象HBV感染阳性率为4．51％，TP阳性率为1．42％。结论应加强外科手术患者的术前传染病血清学检测，针对性地采取相应措施，以减少经手术传播的概率。