低能激光照射嗅鞘细胞促进脊髓损伤大鼠神经功能的修复

BACKGROUND： Previous studies have demonstrated that low-power laser （LPL） irradiation can promote the regeneration of peripheral nerves and central nerves, as well as influence cellular proliferation. Therefore, it is thought to be a potential treatment for spinal cord injury. OBJECTIVE： Utilizing histological observations and behavioral evaluations, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of transplanted olfactory ensheathing cells （OECs）, irradiated by LPL, on functional repair of rats following transversal spinal cord injury. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, animal experiment was performed at the animal experimental center in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University between January 2007 and February 2008. MATERIALS： A total of 52 Sprague Dawley rats were included in this experiment. Twelve rats were used to harvest OECs, some of which were irradiated by LPL on days 3, 5, and 7 in culture. The remaining 40 rats were used to establish T12 complete spinal cord transection injury. DMEM/F12 medium was purchased from Sigma, USA, Fluorogold was provided by Chemicon, USA, and the LY/JG650-D500-16 low-power laser was produced by Xi＇an Lingyue Electromechanical Science And Technology Co., Ltd., China. METHODS： The successful rat models were randomly divided into three groups： OEC transplantation, LPL-irradiated OEC transplantation, and control. These animals were microinjected with OEC suspension, LPL-irradiated OEC suspension, and DMEM/F12 medium （10μL） respectively 4 weeks after spinal cord was completely transected at the T12 level. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Spinal cord injury was observed using hematoxylin-eosin staining Expression of nerve growth factor receptor p75 and glial fibrillary acidic protein were determined using immunohistochemical staining. Regeneration of spinal nerve fibers in rats was assayed by Fluorogold retrograde labeling method. Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan （BBB） scores were used to evaluate motor functions of rat lower limbs. RESULTS： Structural disturbances were observed following spinal cord injury in each group, and a large amount of scar tissue covered the broken ends, accompanied by porosis and inflammatory cell infiltration. Following OEC transplantation, the distal end connected to the proximal end. nerve growth factor receptor p75 and glial fibrillary acidic protein immunohistochemistry revealed positive OECs in the cephalad and caudal area of rats that received LPL-irradiated OEC transplantation. In the OECs group, only glial fibrillary acidic protein staining was observed. No staining was found in the control group. Neural fibers labeled with Fluorogold extended across the lesion area and into the cephalad and caudal area in the OECs and LPL-irradiated OECs groups, but were not present in the control group. BBB scores revealed statistically significant differences among the three groups （P 〈 0.05）： OECs irradiated by LPL group 〉 OECs group 〉 control group. CONCLUSION： Transplantation of OECs and LPL-irradiated OECs promoted functional repair in the injured spinal cord of rats, although LPL-irradiated OECs resulted in greater beneficial effects.     

Microencapsulation improves inhibitory effects of transplanted olfactory ensheathing cells on pain after sciatic nerve injury

Olfactory bulb tissue transplantation inhibits P2X2/3 receptor-mediated neuropathic pain. However, the olfactory bulb has a complex cellular composition, and the mechanism underlying the action of purified transplanted olfactory ensheathing cells(OECs) remains unclear. In the present study, we microencapsulated OECs in alginic acid, and transplanted free and microencapsulated OECs into the region surrounding the injured sciatic nerve in rat models of chronic constriction injury. We assessed mechanical nociception in the rat models 7 and 14 days after surgery by measuring paw withdrawal threshold, and examined P2X2/3 receptor expression in L4–5 dorsal root ganglia using immunohistochemistry. Rats that received free and microencapsulated OEC transplants showed greater withdrawal thresholds than untreated model rats, and weaker P2X2/3 receptor immunoreactivity in dorsal root ganglia. At 14 days, paw withdrawal threshold was much higher in the microencapsulated OEC-treated animals. Our results confirm that microencapsulated OEC transplantation suppresses P2X2/3 receptor expression in L4–5 dorsal root ganglia in rat models of neuropathic pain and reduces allodynia, and also suggest that transplantation of microencapsulated OECs is more effective than transplantation of free OECs for the treatment of neuropathic pain.     

自身免疫性脑脊髓炎模型大鼠侧脑室注射嗅鞘细胞对髓鞘修复及运动功能的影响

BACKGROUND： Olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation can activate axonal regeneration and enhance myelin repair, which are beneficial for treating demyelinating diseases. OBJECTIVE： To explore the effects of olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation on myelin repair, synaptophysin expression, and motor function in a rat model of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled experiment was performed at the Laboratory of Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University between August 2006 and September 2007. MATERIALS： Dibenzylamine （Hoechst 33342）, luxol fast blue, and rabbit anti-rat synaptophysin antibody were provided by Sigma, USA. METHODS： Olfactory ensheatbing cells extracted from neonatal Wistar rats were cultured for 10-14 days and labeled with dibenzylamine. Spinal cord extracted from a healthy guinea pig was homogenized and equally mixed with complete Freund＇s adjuvant; thereafter, the mixture was intracutaneously injected into two posterior voix pedis of healthy male Wistar rats to establish models of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Rats were randomly divided into a control encephalomyelitis group and an olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation group, 36 rats in each group. Physiological saline （2 μ L） or an olfactory ensheathing cell suspension （2 μ L） was separately injected along lateral cerebral ventricle at day 7 post-model induction. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The migration and distribution of olfactory ensheathing cells were observed under fluorescence microscopy; myelin repair was detected using hematoxylin-eosin staining and luxol fast blue staining; synaptophysin expression was measured using immunohistochemical staining; motor function was evaluated using a motor function scale. RESULTS： Olfactory ensheatbing cells could survive in vivo and migrate to the distal end of the transplant focus and spinal cord, and survived 21 days. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and luxol fast blue staining indicated that myelin in the transplantation group was intact, and the inflammatory focus gradually disappeared. Transplantation increased synaptophysin expression （P 〈 0.05 versus control） and motor function （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation can promote myelin repair, increase synaptophysin protein expression, and ameliorate motor function in a rat model of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.     

Acupuncture inhibits Notch1 and Hes1 protein expression in the basal ganglia of rats with cerebral hemorrhage

Notch pathway activation maintains neural stem cells in a proliferating state and increases nerve repair capacity. To date, studies have rarely focused on changes or damage to signal transduction pathways during cerebral hemorrhage. Here, we examined the effect of acupuncture in a rat model of cerebral hemorrhage. We examined four groups: in the control group, rats received no treatment. In the model group, cerebral hemorrhage models were established by infusing non-heparinized blood into the brain. In the acupuncture group, modeled rats had Baihui(DU20) and Qubin(GB7) acupoints treated once a day for 30 minutes. In the DAPT group, modeled rats had 0.15 μg/m L DAPT solution(10 m L) infused into the brain. Immunohistochemistry and western blot results showed that acupuncture effectively inhibits Notch1 and Hes1 protein expression in rat basal ganglia. These inhibitory effects were identical to DAPT, a Notch signaling pathway inhibitor. Our results suggest that acupuncture has a neuroprotective effect on cerebral hemorrhage by inhibiting Notch-Hes signaling pathway transduction in rat basal ganglia after cerebral hemorrhage.     

Nogo-A expression in injured spinal cord following human olfactory mucosa-derived olfactory ensheathing cells transplantation

Transplantation of olfactory bulb-derived olfactory ensheathing cells(OECs) promotes motor functional recovery in rats with acute spinal cord injury,possibly by Nogo-A expression changes at the injury site.The present study transplanted OECs derived from the olfactory mucosa(OM) of rats.OM-derived OEC(OM-OEC) transplantation significantly reduced the increase of Nogo-A protein and mRNA expression caused by spinal cord injury,supporting the hypothesis that OM-OECs improve spinal cord regeneration by reducing Nogo-A expression.     

骨髓基质细胞源神经干细胞移植对脑出血大鼠行为及神经细胞凋亡的动态影响

目的 探讨骨髓基质细胞源神经干细胞对实验性脑出血大鼠行为及神经细胞凋亡的影响.方法 采用自体血注入法建立大鼠脑出血模型.32只健康Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠分为假手术组、出血对照组、出血骨髓基质细胞移植组和出血骨髓基质细胞源神经干细胞移植组.分别于移植后1d、7d、14d对大鼠进行神经功能缺损评分和空间学习能力检测,并在移植后7d和14d,分别应用TUNEL法检测神经细胞凋亡.结果 移植后7d各组神经功能均有不同程度的恢复(P<0.05),BMSCs源神经干细胞移植组大鼠的神经功能评分显著优于BMSCs移植组(P<0.01).移植7d后可提高大鼠空间学习能力,且各时间点BMSCs源神经干细胞移植组的空间学习能力改善优于BMSCs组(P<0.05).BMSCs源神经干细胞移植组出血边缘区凋亡细胞数明显少于BMSCs移植(P<0.05).结论 骨髓基质细胞源神经干细胞移植可改善脑出血大鼠神经行为,减少神经细胞凋亡,显著优于BMSCs移植.

Abstract：

Objective To study the effects of bone marrow stromal cells ( BMSCs) derived neural stem cells on behavior and celluar apoptosis in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) . Methods The model was established by ster-otactic infusing autologous caudate artery blood into right nucleus caudatus of SD rats. 32 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham-operated group,ICH control group,BMSCs transplanted group and BMSCs derived neural stem cells transplanted group. The neurogenic behavior of the rats were evaluated on 1,7,14 days after transplantation. The rats were killed separat-edly on 7,14days after transplantation. The brain sections were used for TUNEL staining. Result The neurological function of rats were recovery on 7 days later after transplantation( P < 0. 05 ) . The recovery of neurological function in BMSCs derived neural stem cells transplantation group was much evidentl than BMSCs transplantation group( P < 0. 01). The abilities of spatial learning and memory of rats on 7 days later after transplantation got improved (P < 0. 05). More satisfactory outcome got in BMSCs derived neural stem cells transplanted group than in BMSCs transplanted group ( P < 0. 05 ) . The number of apoptotic cells in the group of BMSCs derived neural stem cells transplanted group decreased evidently compared with that of the BMSCs transplantation group (P <0.05). Conclusion BMSCs derived neural stem cells may make the neurogenic behavior recovery, and decrease the infarct volumes and the number of apoptotic cells in ICH.     

Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells for promoting regeneration following spinal cord injury

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the status of olfactory ensheathing cells （OECs） transplantation in facilitating the regeneration of spinal cord injury. DATA SOURCES： Articles about OECs transplantation in treating spinal cord injury were searched in Pubmed database published in English from January 1981 to December 2005 by using the keywords of ＂olfactory ensheathing cells, transplantation, spinal cord injury＂. STUDY SELECTION： The data were checked primarily, literatures related to OECs transplantation and the regeneration of spinal cord injury were selected, whereas the repetitive studies and reviews were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION： Totally 43 articles about OECs transplantation and the regeneration and repair of spinal cord injury were collected, and the repetitive ones were excluded. DATA SYNTHESIS： There were 35 articles accorded with the criteria. OECs are the olfactory ensheathing glias isolated from olfactory bulb and olfactory nerve tissue. OECs have the characters of both Schwann cells in central nervous system and peripheral astrocytes. The transplanted OECs can migrate in the damaged spinal cord of host, can induce and support the regeneration, growth and extension of damaged neuritis. Besides, transgenic technique can enable it to carry some exogenous genes that promote neuronal regeneration, and express some molecules that can facilitate neural regeneration, so as to ameliorate the internal environment of nerve injury, induce the regeneration of damaged spinal cord neurons, which can stimulate the regeneration potential of the damaged spinal cord to reach the purpose of spinal cord regeneration and functional recovery. CONCLUSION： OECs are the glial cells with the energy for growth at mature phase, they can myelinize axons, secrete various biological nutrition factors, and then protect and support neurons, also facilitate neural regeneration. OECs have been successfully isolated from nasal olfactory mucosa and olfactory nerve. Therefore, autologous transplantation of OECs and objective genes modified OECs carrying various neurotrophic factors may become an effective method to treat spinal cord injury in the future.     

Microencapsulated Schwann cell transplantation inhibits P2X3 receptor expression in dorsal root ganglia and neuropathic pain

Schwann cell transplantation is a promising method to promote neural repair, and can be used for peripheral nerve protection and myelination. Microcapsule technology largely mitigates immune rejection of transplanted cells. We previously showed that microencapsulated olfactory ensheathing cells can reduce neuropathic pain and we hypothesized that microencapsulated Schwann cells can also inhibit neuropathic pain. Rat Schwann cells were cultured by subculture and then microencapsulated and were tested using a rat chronic constriction injury(CCI) neuropathic pain model. CCI rats were treated with Schwann cells or microencapsulated Schwann cells and were compared with sham and CCI groups. Mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency were assessed preoperatively and at 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 14 days postoperatively. The expression of P2X3 receptors in L4–5 dorsal root ganglia of the different groups was detected by double-label immunofluorescence on day 14 after surgery. Compared with the chronic constriction injury group, mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency were higher, but the expression of P2X3 receptors was remarkably decreased in rats treated with Schwann cells and microencapsulated Schwann cells, especially in the rats transplanted with microencapsulated Schwann cells. The above data show that microencapsulated Schwann cell transplantation inhibits P2X3 receptor expression in L4–5 dorsal root ganglia and neuropathic pain.     

Intravenous transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promotes neural regeneration after traumatic brain injury

To investigate the supplement of lost nerve cells in rats with traumatic brain injury by intravenous administration of allogenic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, this study established a Wistar rat model of traumatic brain injury by weight drop impact acceleration method and administered 3 × 106 rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via the lateral tail vein. At 14 days after cell transplantation, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells differentiated into neurons and astrocytes in injured rat cerebral cortex and rat neurological function was improved significantly. These findings suggest that intravenously administered bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can promote nerve cell regeneration in injured cerebral cortex, which supplement the lost nerve cells.     

脑出血大鼠脑内嗅鞘细胞移植后生长相关蛋白-43及层粘连蛋白的表达变化

目的研究嗅鞘细胞移植对大鼠脑出血后脑内生长相关蛋白-43及层粘连蛋白表达的影响。方法取新生3d的Wistar乳鼠嗅球,差速贴壁法培养获得嗅鞘细胞。40只Wistar大鼠造模后(胶原酶Ⅶ注入尾状核)随机分为嗅鞘细胞移植组和脑出血模型组。嗅鞘细胞移植组(20只)术后3d,移植嗅鞘细胞;脑出血模型组(20只)注射等量的生理盐水。两组大鼠分别在术后1d、7d、14d及28d用Bederson方法进行评分。各时间点于每组随机取3只大鼠处死,取脑组织做成石蜡切片,免疫组化法观察生长相关蛋白-43及层粘连蛋白表达的变化。结果运动功能评分显示,移植组与对照组均出现运动功能恢复,移植组明显优于对照组(P<0.05);生长相关蛋白-43及层粘连蛋白免疫组化结果表明,除术前1d外,其它各时间点生长相关蛋白-43及层粘连蛋白阳性表达值,移植组较对照组均强,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论嗅鞘细胞移植可提高生长相关蛋白-43及层粘连蛋白的表达,改善脑出血后神经再生微环境,促进神经再生。     

嗅鞘细胞移植对脊髓全横断损伤大鼠大脑运动皮质胰岛素样生长因子1和睫状神经营养因子表达的影响

背景：多项研究已证实嗅鞘细胞能促进脊髓损伤大鼠神经功能的恢复,但其分子机制还不清楚。 目的：观察嗅鞘细胞移植对脊髓全横断大鼠大脑运动皮质神经营养因子胰岛素样生长因子1和睫状神经营养因子mRNA表达的影响。 设计、时间及地点：随机对照动物实验,于2007-07/2008-12在昆明医学院神经科学研究所完成。 材料：清洁级健康成年雌性SD大鼠88只,随机分成3组：假手术组8只、模型组40只、细胞移植组40只。另取新生一两天的GFP转基因小鼠5只用于分离培养嗅鞘细胞。 方法：模型组、细胞移植组大鼠建立T9脊髓全横断损伤模型,假手术组仅行T8椎板切除。造模后,细胞移植组吸取嗅鞘细胞悬液15 μL(约3×105个细胞)滴加到约2 mm3的明胶海绵上,将含有嗅鞘细胞的明胶海绵植入大鼠脊髓两横断面之间的间隙处。分别于移植后3,7,14,21,28 d取大脑运动皮质行RT-PCR检测。 主要观察指标：采用免疫细胞化学法对培养的嗅鞘细胞进行鉴定,RT-PCR法检测大脑运动皮质胰岛素样生长因子1和睫状神经营养因子mRNA的表达变化。 结果：培养的嗅鞘细胞p75-NGFR阳性率>90%,主要为双极细胞,突起较长。与假手术组比较,模型组术后3 d睫状神经营养因子表达明显升高,7,14,21 d降至无明显差异,至28 d明显降低(P < 0.05);术后各时间模型组胰岛素样生长因子1的表达无明显差异(P > 0.05)。与模型组比较,移植后14 d细胞移植组胰岛素样生长因子1表达明显增多(P < 0.05);移植后3 d睫状神经营养因子的表达明显减少(P < 0.05),但移植后7,14,21 d表达逐渐回升,至28 d明显高于模型组水平(P < 0.05)。 结论：嗅鞘细胞移植能够促进脊髓损伤修复,其机制可能与促进大脑运动皮质胰岛素样生长因子1 mRNA的表达上调,并在初期抑制睫状神经营养因子mRNA的表达有关。     

嗅鞘细胞静脉移植治疗脊髓损伤

背景：嗅鞘细胞移植治疗脊髓损伤在众多疗法中效果较佳,成为最有前景的治疗方法之一。目前移植方法为局部移植,存在操作复杂、创伤大、重复移植治疗困难等缺点。寻找一种简单易行且疗效好的移植方法成为各国学者研究的热点。 目的：分析嗅鞘细胞静脉移植治疗脊髓损伤的可行性和疗效。 方法：制备Wistar大鼠脊髓半切模型,随机分4组：嗅鞘细胞髓内局部移植组、嗅鞘细胞静脉移植组、D/F12静脉移植组和空白对照组。定期行CBS功能评分及组织学检查,评价脊髓修复情况。 结果与结论：嗅鞘细胞髓内局部移植组、嗅鞘细胞静脉移植组的功能恢复和组织学改变优于D/F12静脉移植组和空白对照组,嗅鞘细胞髓内局部移植组、嗅鞘细胞静脉移植组间无显著差别。说明嗅鞘细胞静脉移植可向脊髓损伤部位迁移并修复脊髓损伤,其疗效与嗅鞘细胞髓内局部移植相当。     

预损伤嗅黏膜对自体嗅鞘细胞体外培养的作用

目的：比较预损伤嗅黏膜与正常嗅黏膜来源的嗅鞘细胞生长特性和生物学活性的差异。 方法：雄性成年SD大鼠10只，随机分为嗅黏膜损伤组、正常组，5只/组。嗅黏膜损伤组大鼠麻醉后采用自制弯头针，深入鼻腔内直至鼻中隔后1/3处，针尖抵住鼻中隔后切割数下至出血，填塞酒精棉条压迫止血。正常组大鼠不做任何处理。伤后7 d取两组大鼠鼻中隔，将双侧鼻黏膜后1/3从鼻中隔刮下，胰酶消化后体外分离培养嗅黏膜嗅鞘细胞，调整浓度至1×109 L-1，采用改良NASH差速贴壁法进行纯化。 结果：嗅鞘细胞纯度达70%时，正常组需14 d，嗅黏膜损伤组需12 d。正常组培养7 d后细胞进入对数期，嗅黏膜损伤组培养5 d后细胞进入对数期，两组嗅鞘细胞进入平台期后生长趋于缓慢，数量维持在106左右。在细胞生长周期的相同时间点，嗅黏膜损伤组嗅鞘细胞活性大于正常组（t=19.001 3，P < 0.001），两组嗅鞘细胞分泌的神经营养因子3质量浓度基本相似 （P > 0.05）。 结论：预损伤处理嗅黏膜能够加快嗅黏膜嗅鞘细胞的增殖分化，且活性较高。     

不同来源嗅鞘细胞修复脊髓损伤的效果比较

背景：研究表明嗅鞘细胞所分泌的细胞黏附分子和神经营养因子具有保护脊髓神经元和促进脊髓轴突再生的效应。 目的：比较嗅球及嗅黏膜固有层来源的嗅鞘细胞异体移植修复脊髓损伤的能力。 设计、时间及地点：随机对照动物实验,于2007-06/2008-06在西电集团医院中心实验室完成。 材料：随机选取雄性3月龄及23月龄SD大鼠各6只,分为实验组(23月龄)和对照组(3月龄),用于嗅鞘细胞的体外培养和纯化;SD大鼠30只随机分为乳鼠嗅球嗅鞘细胞移植组、正常嗅黏膜嗅鞘细胞移植组、对照组,每组10只。 方法：30只SD大鼠制造脊髓损伤模型,分别将体外培养的乳鼠和SD大鼠嗅鞘细胞进行脊髓损伤模型的异体移植,对照组不做移植。 主要观察指标：术后4,8周,进行BBB神经功能评分,诱发电位,组织病理学观察。 结果：实验过程中大鼠死亡7只,各组死亡率大致相同。移植后第4,8周时,乳鼠嗅鞘细胞移植组、正常嗅黏膜嗅鞘细胞组评分差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05),均显著高于空白对照组(P < 0.001);嗅鞘细胞移植2组评分8周高于4周(P < 0.01)。术后4周,各组动物均未引出运动诱发电位,移植后8周时,2组嗅鞘细胞移植组动物均可引出运动诱发电位,2组差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05),空白对照组动物仍未引出运动诱发电位(P < 0.001)。移植后8周,2组嗅鞘细胞移植组脊髓损伤区有较多细胞浸润,对照组细胞数目较少。 结论：来源于嗅球与嗅黏膜的嗅鞘细胞对脊髓损伤修复均有促进作用,且两者作用无明显差异。     

接受嗅鞘细胞移植脊髓损伤大鼠电生理及后肢功能变化

背景：研究证实嗅鞘细胞有利于神经元存活,并可促进轴突再生。 目的：探讨嗅鞘细胞移植治疗大鼠脊髓损伤的效果。 方法：健康成年雌性SD大鼠40只,随机分为盐水对照组、细胞移植组,20只/组。另取10只SD大鼠用于嗅鞘细胞的分离培养。盐水对照组、细胞移植组大鼠均建立脊髓损伤模型,取双侧第8~10对肋间神经各2 cm,交叉植入脊髓缺损处(近端白质与远端灰质、远端白质与近端灰质),细胞移植组局部注射嗅鞘细胞2×106个,盐水对照组局部注射等量无菌生理盐水。通过体感诱发电位和运动诱发电位的检测,观察神经电生理恢复情况;BBB后肢运动功能评分结果;通过BDA顺行神经示踪,观察运动传导束恢复情况。 结果与结论：细胞移植组大鼠体感诱发电位及运动诱发电位的潜伏期、波幅明显优于盐水对照组(P < 0.01);细胞移植组大鼠BBB后肢运动功能评分较生理盐水组明显提高(P < 0.01);细胞移植组脊髓损伤区有较多BDA标记阳性神经纤维通过,其数量明显多于盐水对照组(P < 0.01)。证实局部注射嗅鞘细胞可以较好地恢复大鼠脊髓损伤后的神经电生理及后肢运动功能。     

嗅鞘细胞移植修复坐骨神经缺损

背景：研究表明,嗅鞘细胞有利于神经元存活并促进轴突再生。 目的：验证局部注射嗅鞘细胞治疗大鼠周围神经损伤的可行性。 方法：体外分离、培养SD大鼠嗅鞘细胞。40只SD大鼠切除坐骨神经1.0 cm,植入异体神经1.0 cm。随机分为2组,嗅鞘细胞组局部注射嗅鞘细胞,生理盐水组局部注射生理盐水。术后3个月检测体感诱发电位及运动诱发电位,光镜、电镜观察神经电生理恢复情况。 结果与结论：电镜观察嗅鞘细胞组大鼠在损伤区有较多神经纤维通过,明显多于生理盐水组(P < 0.01)。嗅鞘细胞组大鼠体感诱发电位及运动诱发电位的潜伏期及波幅明显优于生理盐水组(P < 0.01)。提示局部注射嗅鞘细胞能更好地恢复周围神经损伤后的功能。     

嗅鞘细胞对培养脊髓神经元生长状态的影响

目的研究嗅鞘细胞(OECs)对体外培养脊髓背根神经节神经元生长状态的影响。方法取新生大鼠脊髓背根神经节细胞与嗅鞘细胞共培养,在显微镜下观察神经元生长发育情况,染色后进行细胞计数,并测定细胞活性。结果共培养组细胞密度明显高于对照组,神经元胞体大而饱满,突起较长,细胞活性较高。结论嗅鞘细胞可明显促进体外培养脊髓背根神经节神经元的生长,提高细胞活性。     

Differing Schwann Cells and Olfactory Ensheathing Cells Behaviors, from Interacting with Astrocyte, Produce Similar Improvements in Contused Rat Spinal Cord's Motor Function

In recent years, cell behaviors of Schwann cells (SCs) and olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) when interacting with astrocytes was appraised qualitatively in vitro and in spinal cord injury model of dorsal crush and transection and in normal white matter. In this study, with an attempt to select a candidate for cell-mediated repair of the spinal cord injury, SCs or OECs were transplanted into contused spinal cord in adult rats. The interaction with host astrocytes was assessed at 3 and 6 weeks after transplantation under light and electron microscope. The motor function of the rat was appraised with the BBB locomotor rating scale and cortical somatosensory evoked potentials (CSEP) recording. Within SCs cord, the astrocytes underwent proliferation and hypertrophy. The myelinated axons were separated into the groups by the glial membrane. Within OECs cord, astrocytes did not undergo the proliferation and hypertrophy. The myelinated axons were not divided into groups by the scar tissue. SCs graft, compared with OECs graft, induced more enhanced glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity with a distinct astroglial border between the normal and injured tissues. The distribution of SCs was more concentrated and less migrated than that of OECs. SCs induced weaker NF immunoreactivity and functional recovery compared to OECs, but no significant differences between the two groups was revealed by the statistical analysis. As we know, this is first time to compare behaviors of SCs and OECs in the contusion model, and the data indicates that although in vivo cell behaviors of SCs and OECs are different in interacting with astrocyte, both cell types can improve the motor function of the contused rats.