CT引导下经皮同轴穿刺活检诊断颈部病变20例北大核心CSCD

目的评价CT引导下经皮同轴穿刺活检诊断颈部病变的技术成功率、诊断正确性及安全性。方法 2005年4月—2012年10月采用CT引导下经皮穿刺活检术对20例颈部病变行经皮穿刺同轴活检术,分析穿刺成功率及活检准确性。结果 20例颈部病变患者在CT引导下接受20次经皮同轴穿刺活检,其中颈部软组织病变12例,颈椎病变8例。CT证实20次经皮穿刺的穿刺针皆位于颈部病变内,穿刺技术成功率100%。19次活检病理结果与临床最终诊断一致,诊断准确率95%。所有病例无穿刺相关的严重并发症发生。结论 CT引导下经皮同轴穿刺活检术诊断颈部病变是安全、准确、微创的介入诊断技术。     

18G套管血管穿刺针导引20G活检枪经皮穿刺活检的临床应用(附45例报告)

目的 :评价 18G套管血管穿刺针引导 2 0G活检枪经皮穿刺活检的临床应用效果。方法 :45例患者均为占位性病变 ,其中肺 18例、肝 16例、甲状腺 2例、纵隔 3例、颈深部软组织 2例、胸膜 3例、腹腔 1例 ,均在CT导向下以 18G套管血管穿刺针先行穿刺病灶 ,后以 2 0G弹射式活检枪取活检和 (或 )涂片。结果 :共行活检手术 47次 ,穿刺成功率 10 0 % ;取材成功率 93 .3 % ( 4 2 / 45 ) ,活检诊断率 95 .2 % ( 4 0 / 42 ) ;肝组取材率、成功率、诊断正确率 10 0 % ;肺组取材率、成功率 88.9%( 16/ 18) ,诊断符合率 87.5 % ( 14 / 16)。并发症 :气胸 3例 ,咯血 1例 ,总发生率 8.9% ( 4 / 45 )。结论 :18G套管血管穿刺针引导 2 0G活检枪经皮穿刺活检能够提高共轴法穿刺取材成功率 ,降低并发症 ,缩短手术时间 ,是一种安全、高效、简便的共轴穿刺方法。     

新型同轴技术在前中纵隔肿块穿刺活检术中应用

目的 评价新型同轴技术在CT引导下经胸骨路径前中纵隔肿块穿刺活检术中的临床应用.方法 2014年6月-2015年6月共21例接受CT引导下经胸骨前中纵隔肿块穿刺活检术患者.先应用14 G Bonopty骨穿刺套针穿刺建立同轴,再用18G安捷泰穿刺活检针或全自动切割针沿同轴行旋切负压抽吸或切割,取穿刺组织满意后,送病理检查.结果 2例患者因第一次取材较少行第2次穿刺活检术.穿刺病理结果为胸腺瘤11例(A型l例,AB型3例,B1型1例,B2型3例,B3型1例,胸腺癌2例),良性胸腺增生1例,淋巴瘤5例,纵隔型鳞癌3例,纵隔型神经内分泌癌l例.恶性肿瘤诊断的灵敏度88.19％(16/18),阳性预测值100％(16/16),无假阳性.良性病变诊断的特异性3/3,阴性预测值3/5,总的诊断准确率90.5％％(19/21).术后并发症:出血2例,均为极少量.无需处理.结论 CT引导下经胸骨同轴穿刺前中纵隔肿块活检,准确性较高、并发症发生率低,值得应用.     

CT引导下经肺外通路纵隔结节/肿块粗针穿刺活检术的临床应用

目的:探讨CT引导下经肺外通路纵隔结节/肿块粗针穿刺切割式活检术的临术应用价值.方法:使用同轴定位系统及18G切割式活检装置,共计80例患者完成CT引导下经肺外通路纵隔结节/肿块穿刺活检术.分析使用该方法完成穿刺活检的纵隔结节/肿块的分布特点、病理诊断以及进针通路选择.结果:80例均穿刺成功,共检出恶性肿瘤72例、胸腺瘤5例、结核1例、慢性炎性病变2例.该方法诊断敏感度为98.6％,特异度为100％,阳性预测值为100％,阴性预测值为87.5％,假阴性率为12.5％.出现少量纵隔内积气1例(1.25％),少量纵隔内出血1例(1.25％),未见气胸及明显纵隔内出血,无致死性并发症出现.结论:CT引导下经肺外通路纵隔结节/肿块粗针穿刺切割式活检术是一项安全、高效的诊断技术.     

超声引导下纵隔病变穿刺活检临床应用

目的:探讨超声引导下纵隔病变穿刺活检技术及临床应用价值.方法:选用14～18G切割式自动活检穿刺针,在超声引导下对34例纵隔病变需明确诊断者行超声引导下经皮穿刺活检术.结果:34例患者均穿刺成功,成功率100%,35次穿刺取材,32例做出了明确的组织学分型诊断, 组织学确诊阳性率为94.1%(32/34).结论:超声引导下纵隔病变穿刺活检具有定位准确、操作简便、安全性好、并发症少及确诊率高等优点,可作为疑难纵隔病变确诊的首选方法.     

CT引导下细针穿刺活检对肺部空洞性病变的诊断价值

目的 探讨CT引导下经皮细针穿刺活检在肺部空洞性肿块中的诊断价值.方法 97例肺内孤立性肿块或结节伴有空洞的患者,进行CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检,以手术病理或1年随访的最终诊断为标准,计算CT穿刺活检的诊断准确率,比较不同病灶大小及空洞壁厚度下CT穿刺活检的诊断敏感度、特异度及准确率,并采用Logistic回归分析CT穿刺活检并发症的危险因素.结果 CT穿刺活检的敏感度、特异度及准确率分别为97.4％,90.0％及95.9％,不同大小病灶(直径＜2 cm或≥2 cm)、不同空洞壁厚度(＜5或≥5 mm)其敏感度、特异度及准确率无统计学差异(P＞0.05).9例(9.3％)CT穿刺后出现少量气胸,14例(14.4％)出现少许肺泡出血,穿刺并发症与病灶大小、空洞壁厚度、针道深度及穿刺针大小无相关性(P＞0.05).结论 CT引导下经皮细针穿刺活检安全,对肺部空洞性病变的诊断准确性高.     

CT引导≤2cm肺小结节18G粗针切割/20G细针抽吸穿刺活检临床分析

目的探讨CT引导下经皮粗针(18G)切割活检与细针(20G)抽吸活检术两种方法在≤2cm的肺小结节诊断中的价值及安全性。方法回顾分析我科85例CT引导经皮肺活检临床资料(粗针组31例,细针组54例),比较不同直径活检针穿刺活检成功率、并发症及病理结果等。结果 85例病例总技术成功率100%,总取材成功率92. 9%,总肿瘤特异性检出率52. 9%,总肿瘤确诊率50. 6%。18G粗针组取材成功率、肿瘤特异性检出率和肿瘤确诊率高于20G细针组,分别为100%,74. 2%,70. 9%和85. 2%,50%,38. 9%,P值分别为0. 024,0. 003,0. 000。两组间并发症如气胸、肺出血、咳血发生率无统计学差异,P值均大于0. 05。结论对于≤2cm肺小结节,CT引导下18G粗针切割活检肿瘤检出率及肿瘤确诊率高于20G细针抽吸活检,气胸、肺出血等并发症发生风险与细针组相仿,是一种安全有效、准确性高的临床诊断方法。     

超声引导下经皮穿刺活检对AFP阴性肝脏占位性病变的诊断

目的:探讨超声引导下经皮穿刺活检对AFP阴性肝脏占位性病变的诊断价值.方法:采用18G枪式自动活检针在超声引导下对50例AFP阴性的肝脏占位性病变进行穿刺活检,所取组织进行组织病理学检查.结果:所有患者均成功施行超声引导下经皮肝穿刺活检术,每例取材1～3次,所有组织均符合病理诊断要求且均得到组织病理学诊断,其中原发性肝癌占32%(16/50),转移性肝癌占44%(22/50),良性病变占24%(12/50).除1例患者出现肝脏包膜下少量出血外,其余患者均未出现并发症.结论:超声引导下经皮穿刺活检操作安全、简便、快速,成功率高,并发症少、结果可靠,是AFP阴性肝脏占位性病变定性诊断的首选方法.     

CT引导下经皮穿刺同轴活检术对肺部空洞性病变的诊断价值

目的 评价CT引导下经皮穿刺同轴活检术对肺部空洞性病变的诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析因肺部空洞性病变而于本院行CT引导下经皮穿刺同轴活检术患者的相关临床资料(n=48).根据病变大小(A1 ＜20 mm,n=12;B1≥20 mm,n=36),针道距离(A2＜5 cm,n=33;B2≥5 cm,n=15),空洞壁厚度(A3＜5 mm,n=18;B3≥5 mm,n=30)将其分为A、B2组.分别计算A、B2组的敏感性、特异性及准确性,并采用Fisher's确切概率法比较其差异是否有统计学意义.结果 病理诊断恶性病变38例,良性病变7例.CT引导下经皮穿刺同轴活检术对肺部空洞性病变的敏感性、特异性及准确性分别为95％、87.5％、93.8％.对于不同大小、不同针道距离以及空洞壁厚度不同的病变,其诊断准确性差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 对于肺部空洞性病变的诊断,CT引导下经皮穿刺同轴活检术具有较高的灵敏度、特异度和准确率,其准确性与病变大小、针道的距离以及空洞壁厚度无关.     

CT引导下经皮穿刺活检对纵隔占位病变的诊断价值

目的评价CT引导下经皮穿刺活检术在纵隔占位病变中的应用价值和安全性。方法采用弹簧式自动活检枪,在CT精确定位下对纵隔内占位病变行经皮穿刺活检,所获标本送病理组织学检查,并对穿刺准确性、病理确诊率和并发症发生情况进行分析。结果本组33例病灶穿刺成功率100%,病理确诊率85%,无一例发生并发症。结论CT引导下经皮穿刺活检术是一项操作方便,定位精确,穿刺准确率和病理确诊率高,安全可靠的介入放射诊断技术,对纵隔占位病变的定性诊断很有价值,值得临床推广应用。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

The role of interventional radiology in trauma

Introduction Interventional Radiology has evolved into a specialty having enormous input into the care of the traumatized patient.In all hospitals,regardless of size,the Interventional Radiologist must consider their relationships with the trauma service in order to     

人体中的镭-226、镭-228、钋-210、铅-210

本文报道了广东阳江高本底地区6名、对照地区8名人尸体的骨²²⁶Ra、²²⁶Ra的浓度以及部分居民内脏器官中。²¹⁰Po、²¹⁰Pb的浓度。结果轰明阳江高本底地区和对照地区居民骨镭-226、镭-228的浓度分别为29.9pCi/kg, 26.9pCi/kgl 8.7pCi/kg, 8.2pCi/kg.由此估算出阳江高本底地区屠民骨中²²⁶Ra、²²⁸Ra的负薄璧及对骨衬、骨髓所产生的剂量当量分别为对照地区民民的3.4倍, 3.3倍。两地区居民内脏器官中^{210Po、210Pb的测定分析铡数较少但仍看出, 高本底地区均明显高于对照地区.}     

Carbohydrate Supplementation during Exercise: Does It Help? How Much is Too Much?

KEY POINTS· Carbohydrate intake during exercise can delay the onset of fatigue and improve performance of prolonged exercise as well as exercise of shorter duration and greater intensity (e.g., continuous exercise lasting about 1h and intermittent high-intensity exercise), but the mechanisms by which performance is improved are different.     

Diagnóstico ecográfico del neumotórax

The ultrasonographic diagnosis of pneumothorax is based on the analysis of artifacts. It is possible to confirm or rule out pneumothorax by combining the following signs: lung sliding, the A and B lines, and the lung point. One fundamental advantage of lung ultrasonography is its easy access in any critical situation, especially in patients in the intensive care unit. For this reason, chest ultrasonography can be used as an alternative to plain-film X-rays and computed tomography in critical patients and in patients with normal plain films in whom pneumothorax is strongly suspected, as well as to evaluate the extent of the pneumothorax and monitor its evolution.     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).