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1.
目的研究氟罗沙星胶囊(第3代喹诺酮类抗生素)的药代动力学并评价2种国产制剂的生物等效性。方法用随机分组自身对照方法,20例健康男性志愿者单次口服氟罗沙星参比和受试制剂200mg后,用高效液相色谱一紫外法测定血浆中氟罗沙星浓度,用3P97软件进行药代动力学参数的计算及生物等效性评价。结果2种氟罗沙星胶囊在健康志愿者体内的药一时曲线均符合一室开放模型,参比与受试制剂的主要药代动力学参数:Cmax分别为(2.90±0.55),(2.94±0.53)μg·mL^-1;tmax分别为(1.09±0.44),(1.09±0.38)h;t1/2分别为(12.64±1.71),(13.14±1.78)h;AUC0-t分别为(29.86±3.40),(32.81±4.54)μg·h·mL^-1;AUC0-∞分别为(32.54±3.90),(35.70±5.53)μg·h·mL^-1。受试制剂的相对生物利用度为(110.1±11.4)%。结论氟罗沙星的受试制剂和参比制剂在健康人体有生物等效性。  相似文献   

2.
目的研究国产盐酸西布曲明片(减肥药)在健康人体的药代动力学,并评价2种制剂的生物等效性。方法用双交叉试验设计,20名健康志愿者口服国产西布曲明片剂和参比胶囊15mg,服药后0~72h内,按规定时间取血。用高效液相色谱-质谱法测定血浆中西布曲明主要代谢物N-双脱甲基西布曲明的浓度。计算主要药代动力学参数,判断其生物等效性。结果单次口服国产西布曲明片和参比胶囊后的主要药代动力学参数:AUC0-∞分别为(146.44±36.19),(155.08±46.22)h·ng·mL^-1;AUC0-71分别为(130.32±32.75),(139.41±43.50)h·ng·mL^-1;tmax分别为(3.08±1.36),(3.18±1.15)h;Cmax分别为(6.38±2.07),(6.92±2.48)ng·mL^-1;t1/2分另0为(23.15±4.68),(22.17±3.70)h;西布曲明片剂的相对生物利用度F0-n为(96.24±16.74)%。结论国产西布曲明片剂与参比胶囊具有生物等效性。  相似文献   

3.
进口与国产齐多夫定胶囊在健康人体的生物等效性   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的研究国产与进口齐多夫定胶囊(抗病毒药)在健康志愿者体内的药代动力学及生物等效性。方法18例健康志愿者单剂量随机交叉口服试验药和对照药齐多夫定胶囊各200mg,用反相高效液相色谱法测定血药浓度,计算其药代动力学参数,评价2制剂的生物等效性。结果试验与参比制剂的主要药代动力学参数Cmax分别为(1.41±0.34),(1.25±0.36)μg·mL^-1;tmax分别为(0.4±0.2),(0.5±0.2)h;t1/2分别为(1.2±0.15),(1.73±0.39)h;AUC0-t分别为(1.64±0.32),(1.66±0.24)μg·h·mL^-1;AUC0-∞分别为(1.69±0.33),(1.72±0.24)μg·h·mL^-1。上述参数经统计学分析无明显差异。结论2种制剂具有生物等效性。  相似文献   

4.
氟氯西林钠胶囊在健康人体的生物等效性   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的研究氟氯西林钠胶囊(青霉素类抗生素)的相对生物利用度并评价其生物等效性。方法用随机交叉给药方法,20名男性健康志愿者分别口服单剂量试验制剂和参比制剂的氟氯西林钠500nag;用高效液相色谱法测定血浆中浓度,计算2者的药代动力学参数及相对生物利用度。结果单次口服氟氯西林钠试验制剂和参比制剂500mg后的主要药代动力学参数:AUC01-10分别为(31.06±14.81),(33.13±15.97)nag·h·L^-1;AUC0-∞分别为(31.67±14.76),(33.79±16.01)mg·h·L^-1;Cmax分别为(13.61±9.06),(14.90±8.29)mg·L^-1;tmaz分别为(0.99±0.26),(0.85±0.32)h;t1/2分别为(1.79±0.50)和(1.84±0.33)h。受试制剂的相对生物利用度为(96.8±29.9)%。结论2种制剂具有生物等效性。  相似文献   

5.
采用双周期随机交叉给药法,比较T20名健康男性志愿者单剂量口服盐酸二甲双胍肠溶胶囊500mg后的药物动力学,并与参比制剂进行生物等效性评价。采用LC—MS/MS法测定血浆药物浓度,结果表明,受试制剂和参比制剂的主要药物动力学参数为:Cmax为(533.0±203.2)和(549.5±210.6)ng/ml,tmax为(3.6±1.5)h和(3.5±1.7)h,AUC0→24h为(3330.5±1027.3)和(3468.4±1139.1)h·ng·ml^-1,AUC0→∞(3405.7±1046.7)和(3553.2±1155.7)h·ng·ml^-1。受试制剂的相对生物利用度为(97.8±12.2)%,表明两种制剂生物等效。  相似文献   

6.
目的研究阿司达莫缓释片(抗血栓药)在健康人体的药代动力学。方法18例健康男性志愿者随机交叉口服受试制剂(阿司达莫缓释片)或参比制剂(含双嘧达莫片200mg与阿司匹林肠溶片25mg),用高效液相色谱一紫外法测定血浆中双嘧达莫与水杨酸浓度,经DAS软件计算相对生物利用度,并进行生物等效性评价。结果①单剂量受试与参比双嘧达莫:tmax分别为(3.89±0.47),(1.69±0.42)h;Cmax分别为(1.27±0.33),(2.17±0.75)μg·mL^-1;t1/2分别为(8.40±1.92),(4.78±1.13)h;AUC0-t分别为(7.89±2.70),(8.36±3.41)μg·h·mL^-1;AUC0-∞分别为(8.99±3.12),(8.56±3.50)μg·h·mL^-1。受试与参比水杨酸:tmax分别为(2.11±0.53),(4.78±0.81)h;Cmax分别为(0.97±0.47),(0.95±0.48)μg·mL^-1;t1/2分别为(4.22±0.68),(5.46±1.09)h;AUC0-t分别为(4.06±1.65),(3.98±1.73)μg·h·mL^-1;AUC0-t分别为(4.06±1.65),(3.98±1.73)μg·h·mL^-1;AUC0-∞分别为(4.13±1.65),(4.15±1.79)μg·h·mL^-1。②多剂量受试与参比双嘧达莫:tmax分别为(3.94±0.80),(1.90±0.58)h;Cssmax分别为(1.23±0.38),(1.31±0.32)μg·mL^-1;AUCss分别为(7.48±2.72),(7.73±2.62)μ·h·mL^-1。单次给药后,生物利用度双嘧达莫为(97.2±16.7)%、水杨酸为(103.1±9.8)%;多次给药后,双嘧达莫的生物利用度为(96.7±13.4)%。结论2制剂在体内生物作用等效。  相似文献   

7.
厄贝沙坦氢氯噻嗪片中氢氯噻嗪人体生物等效性研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
目的:评价两种复方厄贝沙坦片中氢氯噻嗪的生物等效性。方法:20名健康男性志愿者分别单剂量po受试制剂和参比制剂,采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用法测定血浆中氢氯噻嗪的浓度并拟合药动学参数。结果:受试制剂和参比制剂在受试者体内的药动学参数如下:血浆中氢氯噻嗪的Cmax(72.6±33.8)和(74.7±31.9)ng·ml^-1,tmax(2.0±0.5)和(1.8±0.4)h,t1/2(2.9±1.2)和(2.5±1.0)h,AUC0-48h(372.3±168.7)和(377.5±210.4)ng·h·ml^-1,AUC0-∞(398.3±191.2)和(396.5±223.5)ng·h·ml^-1。与参比制剂相比,受试制剂中氢氯噻嗪的平均相对生物利用度为(106.7±26.1)%。结论:两种制剂中氢氯噻嗪具生物等效性。  相似文献   

8.
阿奇霉素片在健康人体的相对生物利用度和药代动力学   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的研究阿奇霉素片(大环内酯类抗生素)在健康人体的相对生物利用度及药代动力学。方法19名健康受试者自身交叉单剂量口服阿奇霉素片受试制剂和参比药物各500mg后,用微生物法测定用药后不同时间血药浓度。结果2制剂的血药浓度-时间曲线基本一致,符合二房室模型,受试制剂和参比药物的药代动力学参数:t1/2β分别为(34.61±7.42),(31.16±5.28)h;tmax分别为(2.60±0.21),(2.55±0.16)h;Cmax分别为(557.15±129.57),(548.34±137.46)μg·L^-1;AUC0-tn分别为(8.45±2.29),(8.66±2.34)h·mg·L^-1;受试制剂的相对生物利用度为(99.35±19.77)%。结论受试制剂与参比药物生物等效。  相似文献   

9.
液-质联用法考察单硝酸异山梨酯片的人体生物等效性   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的:建立液-质联用法(LC-MS/MS)的检测方法,评价受试与参比的单硝酸异山梨酯片在健康人体的生物等效性。方法:健康志愿者20名,随机交叉试验设计,单剂量口服受试或参比制剂,给药剂量均为20mg,应用LC-MS/MS法测定各受试者给药后不同时间点的血药浓度,计算药动学参数,应用BAPP 2.0软件进行生物等效性评价。结果:受试与参比制剂的药动学参数如下,AUC0-24分别为(3.4±0.6)mg·h·L^-1、(3.3±0.7)mg·h·L^-1,AUC0-∞分别为(3.6±0.7)mg·h·L^-1、(3.5±0.7)mg·h·L^-1;tmax分别为(1.2±0.9)h、(1.0±0.6)h;Cmax分别为(464.9±108.2)μg·L^-1、(433.6±115.3)μg·L^-1;t1/2分别为(5.4±0.7)h、(5.5±0.9)h。单硝酸异山梨酯片的相对生物利用度为(106.0±16.0)%,主要药动学参数经统计学分析无显著性差异。结论:受试与参比制剂具有生物等效性。  相似文献   

10.
赖诺普利片的人体药物动力学和相对生物利用度   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
10名男性健康受试者交叉口服市售赖诺普利的受试制剂与参比制剂,以LC-MS/MS法测定人血浆中赖诺普利的浓度.口服受试和参比制剂后的cmax分别为(58.2±21.5)、(54.6±16.6)ng·ml^-1,tmax分别为(7.3±1.5)、(7.0±1.6)h,AUC0-48分别为(1025.5±501.7)、(849.0±218.9)ng·h·ml^-1.受试制剂的相对生物利用度为(116.9±44.5)%.经90%置信区间和双单侧t检验,两种片剂具有生物等效性.  相似文献   

11.
Zusammenfassung Mittels Gaschromatographie und Dünschichtchromatographie wiesen die Autoren 11 Substanzen nach, welche durch Injektion oder nach Verabreichung per os in die Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit eindrangen. In ihrer Aufstellung konnten sie eine direkte Beziehung zwischen Struktur sowie chemischphysikalischen Eigenschaften der Substanz und ihrer Fähigkeit, aus dem Blut in die Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit einzudringen, nicht nachweisen, außer der Tatsache, daß Substanzen mit starker Affinität zu Eiweißstoffen erst in höheren Dosen nachweisbar waren.  相似文献   

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We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.  相似文献   

15.
Epilepsy affects ≤ 1% of the world's population. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are the mainstay of treatment, although more than a third of patients are not rendered seizure free with existing medications. Uncontrolled epilepsy is associated with increased mortality and physical injuries, and a range of psychosocial morbidities, posing a substantial economic burden on individuals and society. Limitations of the present AEDs include suboptimal efficacy and their association with a host of adverse reactions. Continued efforts are being made in drug development to overcome these shortcomings employing a range of strategies, including modification of the structure of existing drugs, targeting novel molecular substrates and non-mechanism-based drug screening of compounds in traditional and newer animal models. This article reviews the need for new treatments and discusses some of the emerging compounds that have entered clinical development. The ultimate goal is to develop novel agents that can prevent the occurrence of seizures and the progression of epilepsy in at risk individuals.  相似文献   

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建立了衍生化顶空毛细管气相色谱-电子捕获检测器(ECD)法测定盐酸达泊西汀中的甲磺酸甲酯(MMS)、甲磺酸乙酯(EMS)和甲磺酸异丙酯(IMS).应用碘化钠衍生技术,使用PW-5毛细管柱,载气为氮气,ECD检测,程序升温.MMS、EMS和IMS分别在0.03~0.30、0.05~0.50和0.05~0.50 μg/ml浓度范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率分别为63.5%、100.3%和96.2%,最低检测限分别为0.30、0.50和0.50 ng/ml.  相似文献   

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Lung disease and PKCs   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.  相似文献   

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