CYP2C19、P2Y12基因多态性与缺血性脑卒中患者氯吡格雷抵抗的相关性研究

目的：考察CYP2C19、P2Y12受体的基因多态性与氯吡格雷抵抗的相关性研究.方法：96例中国缺血性脑卒中患者持续服用氯吡格雷75 mg,收集全血提取DNA,采用Sequenom MassARRAY iPLEX（R）基因型分析技术进行CYP2C19＊ 2（681G＞A,rs4244285）、CYP2C19＊3（636 G＞A,rs4986893）及P2Y12受体（52G＞T,rs6809699） （744T＞C,rs2046934）4个SNPs的基因型分析.采用二磷酸腺苷（ADP）诱导光比浊法测定血小板聚集功能.采用Chi-square检验或Fisher确切概率法分析相关性.结果：患者分为氯吡格雷抵抗（CR）组与非抵抗组,CYP2C19＊ 2（rs4244285）及P2Y12受体（rs2046934）基因型分布在两组间的差异有统计学意义（P=0.027,P=0.034）.其中,CYP2C19＊2 GA＋ AA基因型为CR发生的风险因素（OR=2.607,95％CI：1.062～6.399）.CYP2C19＊3（rs4986893）及P2Y12受体（rs6809699）基因型分布在两组比较中差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论：在中国缺血性脑卒中患者中,CYP2C19＊2（rs4244285） GA＋ AA型与氯吡格雷抵抗的发生密切相关,该基因型检测将有助于指导氯吡格雷的临床合理应用.     

CYP2C19、ABCB1和PON1基因多态性与氯吡格雷抑制血小板聚集作用的相关性研究

目的:探讨CYP2C19、ABCB1和PON1基因多态性与氯吡格雷抑制血小板聚集作用的相关性。方法:纳入诊断为急性缺血性脑卒中或接受经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)后服用氯吡格雷和阿司匹林治疗的患者59例,测定CYP2C19(rs4244285、rs4986893)、ABCB1(rs1045642)和PON1(rs662)基因型及血栓弹力图(TEG),并对患者进行1年的随访,记录临床终点事件。应用单因素和多因素回归,分析患者CYP2C19、ABCB1、PON1基因型、一般情况及临床因素对氯吡格雷抑制血小板聚集作用的影响,比较不同基因型患者的氯吡格雷疗效。结果:59例患者中氯吡格雷治疗相关的血小板高反应性(HTPR)的发生率为8.5%。CYP2C19快代谢型、中间代谢型和慢代谢型患者血小板抑制率分别为(86.0±10.1)%、(78.4±17.3)%和(66.4±23.0)%,快代谢型和慢代谢型之间血小板抑制率差异有显著性(P=0.047),ABCB1和PON1各基因型之间血小板抑制率的差异无显著性(P>0.05),全变量多因素logistic回归分析未发现CYP2C19、ABCB1、PON1基因型与HTPR相关(P=0.681)。随访1年中,CYP2C19快代谢型、中间代谢型、慢代谢型患者的临床事件分别有2、3和3例;ABCB1携带TT、TC、CC等位基因患者的临床事件分别有1,3和4例;PON1携带AA、AG、GG等位基因患者的临床事件分别有4,2和2例,各基因型之间患者临床终点事件差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:根据CYP2C19、ABCB1和PON1基因多态性尚不能预测服用氯吡格雷后的临床疗效。     

CYP2 C19?2和CYP2 C19?17基因多态性与冠状动脉介入 治疗后病人氯吡格雷反应性的关联分析

目的 探究CYP2C19*2和CYP2C19*17基因多态性与冠状动脉介入治疗后病人氯吡格雷反应性的关系。方法 青海省心脑血管病专科医院于2014年3月至2017年3月期间招募了347例经皮冠状动脉介入的支架植入病人。采集经氯吡格雷(75 mg/d)治疗至少7 d的病人血液样品,用VerifyNow P2Y₁₂测定法测量血小板活性(PRU)和(%)抑制性。应用聚合酶链式反应检测CYP2C19*2(rs4244285)和CYP2C19*17(rs12248560)基因多态性,比较氯吡格雷应答组和无应答组病人CYP2C19*2(rs4244285)和CYP2C19*17(rs12248560)基因型的分布频率差异以及等位基因频率差异。结果 分组时,PRU>208的病人对氯吡格雷治疗无反应;104例(30%)病人为无应答者,243例(70%)病人为应答者。243例氯吡格雷应答组和104例无应答组CYP2C19*2(rs4244285)基因型分布频率野生型GG为80.7%/54.8%,杂合型GA为17.3%/38.5%,突变型AA为2.1%/6.7%,两组比较χ²=7.04,P<0.001;等位基因频率野生型G为89.3%/74.0%,突变型A为10.7%/26.0%,两组比较χ²=5.25,P<0.001。CYP2C19*17(rs12248560)基因型分布频率野生型CC为67.9%/75.0%,杂合型CT为30.5%/23.1%,突变型TT为1.6%/1.9%,两组比较χ²=0.81,P=0.388;等位基因频率野生型C为83.1%/84.1%,突变型T为16.9%/13.1%,两组比较χ²=0.68,P=0.416。结论 CYP2C19*2多态性与氯吡格雷治疗无反应相关,CYP2C19*17多态性增强了氯吡格雷的抗血小板活性。根据这两种多态性的单倍型,氯吡格雷治疗的病人可以被保护或不受支架血栓形成和缺血事件的威胁。     

细胞色素P450基因多态性对心血管药物疗效的影响

目的探讨细胞色素P450酶2C19基因(CYP2C19)681G/A多态性对氯吡格雷治疗冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(CAHD)的影响。方法选取佛山市南海区第二人民医院心内科CADH患者274例,其中130例口服氯吡格雷,选取佛山市111例调查的自然人群为对照组,口服氯吡格雷患者中52例进行了择期经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)治疗,比较氯吡格雷治疗后患者各基因型与实验室氯吡格雷抵抗之间的关系,并分别比较不同基因型组间血小板聚集率、实验室氯吡格雷抵抗和不良心血管事件的再发生情况。结果氯吡格雷治疗后CYP2C19681AA型平均血小板聚集率降低幅度最小,GA型次之,GG型最高;PCI患者CYP2C19681A等位基因携带者组不良心血管事件再发率高、平均血小板聚集率降低幅度小、实验室氯吡格雷抵抗发生率高。结论 CYP2C19681G/A突变是CAHD患者口服氯吡格雷治疗疗效及预后欠佳的主要影响因素,它减弱了氯吡格雷对血小板的抑制作用。     

缺血性脑卒中患者CYP2C19基因代谢型、联用药物与氯吡格雷抵抗关系的研究

目的 探讨CYP2C19基因代谢型、联用药物与氯吡格雷抵抗的关系.方法 选择缺血性脑卒中患者102例,连续口服氯吡格雷75 mg/d,共7d.检测患者CYP2C19各基因型及血小板聚集率,以1年内发生缺血性脑卒中复发终点事件为观察指标.结果 CYP2C19基因弱代谢型15例,中间代谢型39例,强代谢型48例,氯吡格雷抵抗发生率在弱代谢型较中间代谢型高,中间代谢型较强代谢型发生率高,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);氯吡格雷联用阿司匹林、他汀类药可明显减少卒中复发事件(P＜0.05).结论 采用基因分型法可预测缺血性脑卒中患者氯吡格雷疗效,指导临床个体化给药.氯吡格雷联用阿司匹林、他汀类药的应用效果较好.     

我国北方汉族冠心病人群氯吡格雷抵抗相关影响因素的回顾研究

目的:探讨影响我国北方汉族冠心病人群氯吡格雷抵抗的相关影响因素。方法:选择425例首次行经皮冠状动脉介入术的患者,根据血小板聚集率结果将患者分为氯吡格雷抵抗(CRG)组和氯吡格雷敏感(CSG)组。检测其基因型,分析其CYP2C19*2等位基因携带状态,并分析血小板聚集率等实验室指标和冠心病易感指标等与其是否发生氯吡格雷抵抗的相关性。结果:CYP2C19基因G681A突变携带者(GA、AA)在CRG组与CSG组的分布率分别为64.4%和33.1%,携带突变基因与否在两组间的分布比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.000 1),而其他非遗传性指标在两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:CYP2C19*2等位基因的携带与氯吡格雷抵抗有显著的相关性,G681A突变基因的携带是导致氯吡格雷抵抗的危险因素,其他非遗传因素与氯吡格雷抵抗的关联不大。     

CYP2C19基因多态性及患者主要临床资料与氯吡格雷药物抵抗的相关性研究

目的观察药物代谢酶系统中CYP2C19基因多态性及患者主要临床资料与服用氯吡格雷前后血小板聚集率变化(氯吡格雷药物抵抗)的相关性。方法入选拟行冠脉造影检查或支架植入治疗患者35例,根据围手术期应用氯吡格雷前后血小板聚集率变化,将患者分为氯吡格雷抵抗组和非抵抗组。检测CYP2C19基因型,并记录患者年龄、性别、烟酒史、高血压、糖尿病等主要临床资料,分析基因水平及临床水平各因素对血小板聚集及氯吡格雷药物抵抗的影响。结果检测出氯吡格雷抵抗的患者15例,CYP2C19慢代谢基因型患者4例,Logistic回归分析显示,CYP2C19基因型是氯吡格雷抵抗的危险因素(OR=1.236,95%CI:0.273~5.599,P=0.049)。结论 CYP2C19基因型在基因水平与氯吡格雷抵抗相关,临床水平资料未见明显相关性。     

氯吡格雷对冠心病患者PCI术后CYP2C19、PON1 基因多态性与FIB、D-二聚体水平的相关性研究

目的：分析冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后,规律服用氯吡格雷治疗时CYP2C19、PON1基因多态性与血浆纤维蛋白原（FIB）、D-二聚体水平的相关性研究。方法：选取在某三甲医院确诊为冠心病且行PCI术的患者217例,对217例患者行CYP2C19*2、CYP2C19*3、CYP2C19*17、PON1基因监测,观察患者在规律服用氯吡格雷治疗（75 mg·d-1）1个月以上的血浆FIB、D-二聚体指标。结果：在217名患者中CYP2C19* 17基因未检测出突变型等位基因,因此对超快代谢型基因不做统计分析。CYP2C19基因的快代谢型、中间代谢型、慢代谢型之间的FIB指标对比均无统计学差异（P>0.05）;快代谢型与中间代谢型、快代谢性与慢代谢型之间的D-二聚体指标均无统计学差异（P>0.05）;中间代谢型与慢代谢型之间D-二聚体指标有统计学差异（P<0.05）。PON1基因GG型与GA型、GG型与AA型、GA型与AA型的FIB和D-二聚体指标水平均无统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论：携带CYP2C19慢代谢基因型的患者使用常规氯吡格雷剂量治疗,增加血栓风险,可考虑适当增加氯吡格雷服药剂量或改服替格瑞洛进行溶栓治疗。PON1基因多态性与氯吡格雷治疗血小板反应性差异并无关联性。     

广东客家地区冠心病患者CYP2C19基因多态性分析

目的 探讨广东客家地区冠心病患者氯吡格雷代谢相关基因CYP2C19基因多态性的分布。方法 选取2017年7月～2019年3月在我院接受氯吡格雷抗血小板治疗的冠心病患者共111例。年龄34～86岁,其中男83例,女28例,采用PCR-RFLP技术检测111例来自广东客家地区的冠心病患者CYP2C19的基因型,并分别统计不同性别与基因多态性发生频率的关系。结果 *1/*1基因型(636GG,681GG)41例(36.937%),*1/*2基因型(636GG,681GA)49例(44.144%),*1/*3基因型(636GA,681GG)7例(6.30%),*2/*2基因型(636GG,681AA)10例(9.009%),*2/*3基因型(636GA,681GA)4例(3.604%)。根据基因型判断,快代谢型41例(36.937%),中间代谢型56例(50.450%),慢代谢型14例(12.613%);男性和女性的CYP2C19基因型频率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.443,P=0.972);不同性别之间各代谢型频率差异亦无统计学意义(χ~2=0.381,P=0.824)。结论 广东客家地区的冠心病患者中,CYP2C19基因存在多态性,性别与基因代谢型无相关性。     

缺血性脑卒中患者发生氯吡格雷抵抗的危险因素分析

目的 探讨缺血性脑卒中患者服用氯吡格雷治疗后发生药物抵抗的危险因素，为促进临床个体化药物治疗提供依据。方法 选取202例诊断为缺血性脑卒中的住院患者，入中部战区总医院后均给予双抗治疗（阿司匹林+氯吡格雷），住院期间通过芯片杂交法检测CYP2C19基因型，将CYP2C19基因多态性根据药物代谢类型分为快代谢组、中代谢组和慢代谢组。患者服药7~14 d根据血栓弹力图（TEG）检测由腺苷二磷酸（ADP）诱导的血小板抑制率，将ADP<30%为氯吡格雷药物抵抗组，ADP≥30%为非抵抗组。采用Logistic回归分析研究发生氯吡格雷抵抗的危险因素。结果 202例缺血性脑卒中患者中，抵抗组87例，非抵抗组115例。氯吡格雷抵抗组合并糖尿病的患者比例和白细胞计数水平高于非抵抗组，差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。CYP2C19中代谢组患者发生氯吡格雷抵抗的比例显著高于快代谢组，血小板抑制率也明显低于快代谢组，差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 合并糖尿病、高白细胞计数水平及CYP2C19中代谢型是缺血性脑卒中患者发生氯吡格雷抵抗的独立危险因素。     

The impact of genetic polymorphisms of P2Y12, CYP3A5 and CYP2C19 on clopidogrel response variability in Iranian patients

Clopidogrel is an inhibitor of platelet ADP P2Y12 receptors and currently used for prevention of stent thrombosis. Despite certain clinical benefit using this drug in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), some patients do not attain adequate antiplatelet effects. In this study, we investigated the role of three genetic factors (P2Y12, CYP3A5, CYP2C19), demographic characteristics, and pathologic condition on clopidogrel response variability in Iranian patients after PCI. Patients who were candidate for elective PCI were enrolled in this study. All patients had received aspirin 80-325 mg daily for ≥ 1 week before PCI. Blood samples were taken from patients at baseline, 2 h after taking a 600-mg loading dose of clopidogrel, 24h and 30 days after PCI. Platelet aggregation was measured by turbidimetric aggregation assay with two different concentrations of ADP (5 and 20 μM). CYP2C19*2(rs4244285), CYP2C19*3(rs4986893), CYP3A5 (A6986G), and P2Y12 (T744C) genotypings were performed by PCR-RFLP. One hundred and twelve patients were included in this study. Maximum clopidogrel non-responsiveness (25.90%) occurred at 2 h after taking 600 mg of the loading dose of clopidogrel. Although there were no significant associations between clopidogrel responsiveness and polymorphisms of CYP2C19, CYP3A5, and P2Y12 (P > 0.05), subjects who were CYP3A5 genotype expressor had a greater inhibition of platelet aggregation. No significant associations were observed between environmental factors and clopidogrel responsiveness (P > 0.05). Our results showed that P2Y12, CYP3A5, and CYP2C19 polymorphisms along with non-genetic factors were not responsible for the interindividual variability in response to clopidogrel in Iranian population.     

ABCC3 Polymorphisms and mRNA Expression Influence the Concentration of a Carboxylic Acid Metabolite in Patients on Clopidogrel and Aspirin Therapy

Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and clopidogrel combined therapy has been reported to be beneficial in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Antiplatelet drug resistance, especially to clopidogrel, is a multifactorial phenomenon that affects a large number of ACS patients. The genetic contribution to this drug response is not fully elucidated. We investigated the relationship of ABC‐type efflux subfamily C member 3 (ABCC3) polymorphisms and mRNA expression with plasma concentrations of clopidogrel, salicylic acid (SA) and a carboxylic acid metabolite (CAM). Clopidogrel, CAM and SA plasma concentrations were measured simultaneously by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS) from 83 ACS patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. ABCC3 (rs757421, rs733392 and rs739923) and CYP2C19*2 (rs4244285) polymorphisms as well as mRNA expression were evaluated. A positive correlation was found between CAM concentrations and ABCC3 mRNA expression (r = 0.494, p < 0.0001). Patients carrying genotype AA (rs757421 variant) had higher CAM concentrations and ABCC3 mRNA expression as compared to those of GG + GA carriers (p = 0.017). A multiple linear regression analysis revealed that ABCC3 mRNA expression (p = 0.017), rs757421 AA genotype (p = 0.001), blood collection time (p = 0.018) and clopidogrel dose (p = 0.001) contributed to the concentration of CAM. No associations were observed for the CYP2C19*2 polymorphism. These results suggest that up‐regulation of ABCC3 mRNA expression leads to increased plasma CAM levels through MRP3‐mediated cell efflux. The ABCC3 rs757421 polymorphism may contribute to gene expression. Therefore, ABCC3 may be a potential biomarker for the response to clopidogrel.     

CYP2C19基因多态性与中国汉族人群急性冠脉综合征的相关性研究

目的：探讨细胞色素 P450（CYP）2C19基因常见多态性位点与中国汉族人群急性冠脉综合征（ACS）的相关性。方法提取206例 ACS 患者和232例对照者外周血 DNA,采用 DNA 微阵列芯片法对 CYP2C19*2（681G ＞A）、CYP2C19*3（636G ＞ A）进行基因型检测,对比2组间及不同 ACS 分型患者间基因型及等位基因突变频率的分布差异,同时运用 Logistic 回归分析探讨 ACS 发生的独立危险因素。结果 CYP2C19*1、*2、*3分布比例依次为64.38％、29.46％和6.16％,不同性别人群的等位基因及基因型分布差异无统计学意义（ P ＞0.05）。ACS 组CYP2C19*1/*1的分布频率明显少于对照组（ P ＜0.05）,但 CYP2C19*1/*2与 CYP2C19*1/*3的分布频率之和明显高于对照组（ P ＜0.05）。CYP2C19*1/*1所占比例 STEMI 组明显低于 NSTEMI 组（ P ＜0.01）,CYP2C19*1/*2的分布频率 NSTEMI 组最低,且与 STEMI 及 UA 组间差异均有统计学意义（ P ＜0.01）。Logistic 回归分析显示CYP2C19*2（681G ＞ A）GA 基因型是中国汉族人群 ACS 发生的独立危险因素（OR ＝5.97,95％ CI 为1.09～12.35, P ＝0.007）。结论 CYP2C19*2（681G ＞ A）GA 基因型可能与中国汉族人群 ACS 风险增高有关。     

CYP2C19 genotypes and their impact on clopidogrel responsiveness in percutaneous coronary intervention

Background Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) loss-of-function polymorphisms are more common in Asian populations and have been associated with diminished antiplatelet response to clopidogrel. In this era of ‘personalised medicine’, combining genotyping and phenotyping as a strategy to personalise antiplatelet therapy warrants further exploration. Objective This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and impact of CYP2C19*2, *3 and *17 genotypes on clopidogrel responsiveness in a multiethnic Malaysian population planned for percutaneous coronary intervention. Setting Between October 2010 and March 2011, a total of 118 consecutive patients planned for percutaneous coronary intervention were enrolled in Sarawak General Hospital, Borneo. All patients received at least 75 mg aspirin daily for at least 2 days and 75 mg clopidogrel daily for at least 4 days prior to angiography. Method Genotyping for CYP2C19*2 (rs4244285, 681G > A), *3 (rs4986893, 636G > A) and *17 (rs11188072, ?3402C > T) alleles were performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment linked polymorphism method. Whole blood ADP-induced platelet aggregation was assessed with multiple electrode platelet aggregometry (MEA) using the Multiplate Analyzer. Main outcome measures The distribution of CYP2C19*2, *3 and *17 among different ethnic groups and the association between genotype, clopidogrel responsiveness and clinical outcome were the main outcome measures. Results The highest prevalence of poor metabolisers (carriers of at least one copy of the *2 or *3 allele) was among the Chinese (53.7 %), followed by the Malays (26.9 %), Ibans (16.4 %) and other races (3.0 %). Poor metabolisers (PMs) had the highest mean MEA (303.6 AU*min), followed by normal metabolisers (NMs) with 270.5 AU*min and extensive metabolisers (EMs) with 264.1 AU*min (p = 0.518). Among poor responders to clopidogrel, 65.2 % were PMs and NMs, respectively, whereas none were EMs (p = 0.350). Two cardiac-related deaths were reported. Conclusion There was a diverse inter-ethnic difference in the distribution of CYP2C19 polymorphism. The findings of this study echo that of other studies where genotype appears to have a limited impact on clopidogrel responsiveness and clinical outcome in low-risk patients.     

中国人群难治性癫痫患者CYP2C19*2基因型对癫痫耐药的影响

目的:研究中国人群难治性癫痫患者CYP2C19*2基因型对癫痫耐药的影响,促进阐明难治性癫痫的耐药机制。方法:采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)-限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)方法对难治性癫痫患者(接受癫痫治痫灶切除的患者)和非难治性癫痫患者(单药有效的癫痫患者)的CYP2C19*2(681G→A)位点进行基因型分析,对患者杂合型和纯突变型的样本进行抽样测序验证,以确保基因分型结果准确。对两组基因和基因型频率采用卡方检验的统计学分析,选用SPSS12.0版软件进行处理。结果:收集了96例难治性癫痫患者和305例非难治性癫痫患者。CYP2C19*2等位基因频率:难治组G64.6%,A35.4%;非难治组:G67.9%,A32.1%;难治组突变基因频率高于非难治组但没有统计学差异(P>0.05)。CYP2C19*2基因型频率:难治组GG33.3%,GA62.5%,AA4.2%;非难治组GG44.6%,GA46.6%,AA8.9%。难治组和非难治组基因型频率具有统计学差异(P<0.05),难治组中GG型频率显著低于非难治组,GA型频率高于非难治组(P<0.05);而AA型频率在两组内虽然不同却没有统计学差异。另外,进行基因型组合后,只有无突变(GG)与突变(GA和AA)基因型频率在两组间有统计学差异(P<0.05),难治组突变基因型频率高于非难治性组(66.7%:55.4%)。结论:中国人群难治性癫痫患者与非难治性癫痫患者的CYP2C19*2基因型分布频率有统计学差异,难治性癫痫组CYP2C19*2突变基因型频率高于非难治组;癫痫耐药与CYP2C19*2基因型之间没有关联性,阐明癫痫耐药机制应更加关注多基因之间的联合作用尤其是影响脑组织局部药物浓度的基因。     

缺血性卒中病人CYP2C19基因多态性与个体化抗血小板治疗的临床观察

目的 研究小样本缺血性卒中病人的CYP2C19基因型,根据其CYP2C19基因型指导个体化抗血小板治疗并观察其临床预后.方法 入选急性缺血卒中病人300例,对入选病人采用随机数字表法分为个体化治疗组150例和常规治疗组150例.个体化治疗组在入选后立即检测CYP2C19基因,按照不同的基因型采用个体化的抗血小板治疗方案,即快代谢型按照氯吡格雷负荷量300 mg、维持量50 mg·d-1口服;中间代谢型按照氯吡格雷负荷量300 mg、维持量75 mg·d-1口服;慢代谢型按照氯吡格雷负荷量300 mg、维持量75 mg·d-1,联合阿司匹林100 mg·d-1口服.常规治疗组直接按照氯吡格雷负荷量300 mg、维持量75 mg·d-1口服治疗,不检测CYP2C19基因.通过随访观察两组病人治疗30 d及180 d不良事件发生率之间的差异.结果 随访6个月,再发缺血性卒中的发生率在个体化治疗组显著降低(P<0.05),出血事件的发生率在个体化治疗组明显低于常规治疗组(P<0.05).结论 根据CYP2C19基因型采取不同的治疗方案可以及时发现慢代谢病人,进而调整抗血小板聚集治疗方案,降低不良事件发生率并可以减少药物的不良反应.     

Gene polymorphism of cytochrome P450 2C19*2 and clopidogrel resistance reflected by platelet function assays: a meta-analysis

Background

The relationship between CYP2C19*2 gene polymorphism and clopidogrel resistance reflected by platelet function assays has been studied extensively in the past several years, while no clear conclusion can be drawn from the previous studies. To explore a more precise estimation of the relationship, a meta-analysis was conducted in the present study.

Methods

The relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE, the Web of Science, Cochrane Collaboration Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, and China Biological Medicine (CBM) up to February, 2014. The meta-analysis was performed by the STATA 11.

Results

Eight studies with a total of 2,331 subjects, including 1,066 patients with clopidogrel resistance and 1,265 patients without clopidogrel resistance were included. The pooled analysis showed that CYP2C19*2 gene polymorphism was probably associated with clopidogrel resistance (OR (95 % CI): GA vs. GG: 2.10 (1.74–2.53); AA vs. GG: 3.05 (2.10–4.45); dominant model: 2.22 (1.85–2.65); recessive model: 2.33 (1.62–3.36)). No statistically significant difference was found in the analysis of the three subgroups. The statistical stability and reliability was also demonstrated by the sensitivity analysis and publication bias outcomes.

Conclusion

The meta-analysis suggests that CYP2C19*2 gene polymorphism may be associated with clopidogrel resistance.