HPLC法同时测定淫羊藿药材中的5个黄酮类成分

目的：建立同时测定淫羊藿药材中5种成分的HPLC方法。方法：采用Diamonsil—C18柱（4．6mm×250mm,5μm）;流动相：乙腈和甲酸水（pH=3．0）,梯度洗脱;流速：0．9mL／min;DAD检测,检测波长：270nm。结果：淫羊藿药材中5个主要黄酮类成分朝藿定A、朝藿定c、淫羊藿苷、箭藿苷A、宝藿苷1分别在0．7800～83．20μg/mL、2．081～222．0μg／mL、3．288～350．7μg／mL、0．8311～88．65μg／mL、0．3518～37．52μg／mL的浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,最低检测限分别为0．50、0．75、0．87、0．32、0．12μg／mL。重复性、稳定性实验结果的RSD〈3％;各成分平均回收率均小于107％,RSD〈6％。结论：该方法快速简便、准确可靠,各主要化学成分均能达到基线分离,适用于淫羊藿药材的质量控制。     

不同采收季节的淫羊藿中朝藿定C和淫羊藿苷的含量比较

目的比较3个贵州主流产淫羊藿药材在不同采收季节中朝藿定C和淫羊藿苷的含量。方法用高效液相色谱（HPLC）法测定粗毛淫羊藿、巫山淫羊藿、黔岭淫羊藿中朝藿定c和淫羊藿苷的含量。采用EliteSinoChromODS—AP柱（250mm×4．6mm,5．0Ixm）,流动相为乙腈（A）一水（B）梯度洗脱（0—22rain,27％_29％A;22～23rain,29％_÷100％A;23～34rain,100％A;34～36rain,loO％一27％A;36～50min,27％A）。结果朝藿定c和淫羊藿苷进样量分别在13．22～396．6Ixg（r=0．9999）和3．026～151．3斗g范围内与峰面积均呈良好线性关系（r=0．9999）,平均回收率均在98．0％一105．O％范围内;粗毛淫羊藿中朝藿定c和淫羊藿苷的含量分别为0．516％～2．973％,0．096％～0．216％;黔岭淫羊藿中朝藿定C和淫羊藿苷的含量分别为0．071％～0．185％,0．081％～0．164％;巫山淫羊藿含朝藿定c和淫羊藿苷中朝藿定c和淫羊藿苷的含量分别为1．015％～4．219％,0．080％～0．190％。结论巫山淫羊藿中朝藿定c和淫羊藿苷的含量最高,其次为粗毛淫羊藿、黔岭淫羊藿,说明不同产地、不同品种的淫羊藿药材中朝藿定c和淫羊藿苷的含量差异较大．     

药典内5种淫羊藿中黄酮类成分的反相高效液相色谱分析

报道了药典规定的5种淫羊藿──淫羊藿、箭叶淫羊藿、巫山淫羊藿、柔毛淫羊藿和朝鲜淫羊藿中9种黄酮──淫羊藿甙(icariin)、宝藿甙-Ⅰ(baohuosideI)、宝藿甙-Ⅱ(baohuosideⅡ)、淫羊藿甙A(epimedosideA)、箭藿甙B(sagittatosideB)、朝藿定B(epimedinB)、朝藿定C(epimedinC)、大花淫羊藿甙C(ikarisosideC)和大花淫羊藿甙F(ikarisosideF)的反相高效液相色谱测定。色谱柱为DISK-C_phenlyl,流动相为乙腈-乙酸液(水:36%乙酸=100:4),梯度洗脱,检测波长为272nm。     

Simultaneous determination of seven flavonoids in dog plasma by ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and its application to a bioequivalence study of bioactive components in Herba Epimedii and Er-Xian Decoction

In this study, a sensitive and specific ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass method has been developed and validated for the identification and determination of 7 flavonoids in dog plasma for the first time: epimedin A, epimedin B, epimedin C, icariin, sagittatoside B, 2″-O-rhamnosyl icariside II, and baohuoside I. Chromatographic separation was accomplished on an Agilent Zorbax-SB C₁₈ column (50 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) with a gradient elution system composed of 0.3% acetic acid and 0.3% acetic acid in acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Detection was based on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer using a multiple reaction monitoring mode with an electrospray ionization source. All of the calibration curves showed good linearity (r > 0.99) within the tested concentration ranges. The lower limits of quantification of the seven analytes were all lower than 0.0654 ng/mL. The relative standard deviations for intra- and inter-batches of the seven analytes were less than 13.7% and 14.9%, respectively, at four concentration levels of quality control samples, and the recoveries were between 92.8% and 114.5%, respectively. In addition, the seven flavonoids were found to be stable in dog plasma samples under short- and long-term storage and processing conditions. The validated method was successfully applied to a bioequivalence study in dog plasma after the oral administration of extracts of Herba Epimedii and Er-Xian Decoction.     

不同厂家炙朝鲜淫羊藿饮片主成分含量比较

目的:对不同厂家炙朝鲜淫羊藿饮片主成分进行比较。方法:以反相高效液相色谱(PR-HPLC)法同时测定炙朝鲜淫羊藿饮片中5种主要黄酮类成分朝藿定A、朝藿定B、朝藿定C、淫羊藿苷和宝藿苷I的含量。结果:朝藿定A以亳州千草药业有限公司的炙朝鲜淫羊藿饮片含量最高;朝藿定B、朝藿定C以药都集团茗都中药饮片有限公司的炙朝鲜淫羊藿饮片含量最高;淫羊藿苷、宝藿苷I以安徽滕王药业有限公司的炙朝鲜淫羊藿饮片含量最高。结论:建立多种成分的含量测定方法可全面控制炙朝鲜淫羊藿饮片质量。     

Intestinal Absorption Mechanisms of Prenylated Flavonoids Present in the Heat-Processed <Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">Epimedium koreanum</Emphasis> Nakai (Yin Yanghuo)

PURPOSE: The purpose is to determine absorption mechanism of five bioactive prenylated flavonoids (baohuoside I, icariin, epimedine A, B, and C) present in heat-processed Epimedium koreanum Nakai (Yin Yanghuo). METHODS: Transport of five prenylated flavonoids present in heat-processed herbs were studied in the human intestinal Caco-2 model and the perfused rat intestinal model. RESULTS: In the perfused rat intestinal model, prenylated flavonoids with a monoglucosidic bond (e.g., icariin) was rapidly hydrolyzed into corresponding metabolites (e.g., baohuoside I). In the Caco-2 model, apical to basolateral permeability of a monoglycoside baohuoside I (1.46 x 10(-6) cm/sec) was more than 2 folds greater than four prenylated flavonoids with 2 or more sugar moieties (<0.6 x 10(-6) cm/sec). The slow apical to basolateral transport of baohuoside I was the result of efflux. This efflux was carrier-mediated and active since its transport was vectorial, concentration- and temperature-dependent with activation energies greater than 15 kcal/mol. Efflux of baohuoside I was significantly suppressed by inhibitors of BCRP and MRP2, whereas efflux of icariin was significantly inhibited only by p-glycoprotein inhibitor verapamil. Because YHH is often heat-processed for better efficacy, we determined and found the optimal condition for increasing contents of more bioavailable flavonoids (i.e., baohuoside I) to be 160-170 degrees C for 5-7 min. CONCLUSIONS: Poor bioavailability of prenylated flavonoids results from their poor intrinsic permeation and transporter-mediated efflux. Heat processing parameters may be optimized to preserve the herb's bioavailable flavonoids, which help retain and improve its efficacy during processing.     

黔产淫羊藿中淫羊藿苷和淫羊藿定C的含量测定

目的建立同时测定淫羊藿中淫羊藿苷和淫羊藿定C含量的方法 ,为淫羊藿质量控制提供依据。方法采用RP-HPLC法测定含量。色谱柱为Spherisorb C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以乙腈-水为流动相梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL.min-1,检测波长为270 nm,柱温为25℃。结果淫羊藿定C质量浓度在12.0~300.0 mg.L-1内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率为101.05%,RSD为3.01%;淫羊藿苷质量浓度在0.4~10.0 mg.L-1内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率为100.51%,RSD为2.53%。结论本方法分析时间短且重现性和稳定性较好,可作为控制淫羊藿质量的检测方法 。     

朝鲜淫羊藿的化学成分

目的研究朝鲜淫羊藿(Epimedium koreanumNakai)中的化学成分。方法朝鲜淫羊藿干燥地上部分用水回流提取后,经大孔吸附树脂柱色谱分离,用水及不同体积分数的乙醇洗脱;50%乙醇洗脱部分的浸膏用硅胶柱色谱分离,用氯仿甲醇梯度洗脱,得到的第5、8、10流份用羟丙基葡聚糖凝胶柱色谱分离、十八烷基键合硅胶柱色谱分离、制备型HPLC纯化后得到化合物1~8;根据化合物的理化性质和核磁共振氢谱、碳谱数据对所得化合物进行结构鉴定,分析确定化学结构。结果从朝鲜淫羊藿水提取物中分离得到8个化合物:淫羊藿苷(icariin,1)、宝藿苷Ⅰ(baohuosideⅠ,2)、箭藿苷B(sagittatoside B,3)、宝藿苷Ⅱ(baohuosideⅡ,4)a、stragalin(5)、3,5,7三羟基4′甲氧基8异戊烯基黄酮3OαL鼠李吡喃糖基(1→2)α鼠李吡喃糖苷(6)、1,2,3,4 tetrahy-dro 3,7 dihydroxy 1(4 hydroxy 3 methoxyphenyl)6 methoxy 2,3 naphthalenedimethanol(7)、朝藿定C(epimedin C,8)。结论化合物7为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物8为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

高效液相色谱法对淫羊藿及人参复方产品的定性定量分析

目的　建立一种快速有效的分析方法 ,达到鉴定淫羊藿及人参复方产品中黄酮苷类及人参皂苷类成分 ,并测定各成分含量的目的 ,最终控制复方中淫羊藿及人参的比例。方法　通过反相液相色谱 ,对包括药典所收载的淫羊藿药材及其产品进行分析。淫羊藿中的主要黄酮苷类成分 ,以淫羊藿定A、淫羊藿定B、淫羊藿定C、淫羊藿苷为对照品 ;对主要的人参皂苷类成分 ,以人参皂苷Rg1 、Re、Rf、Rb1 、Rb2 、Rd为对照品。结果　在同一色谱条件下 ,对主要黄酮苷类及人参皂苷类成分均可同时测定且分离良好。结论　该方法适用于淫羊藿、人参及其复方产品中淫羊藿黄酮苷类、人参皂苷类成分的定性、定量分析     

A rapid method for the simultaneous determination of 11 saponins in Panax notoginseng using ultra performance liquid chromatography

A rapid ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with photo diode array detection method (UPLC-PDA) was developed for the simultaneous determination of 11 saponins, namely notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, Re, Rf, Rb1, Rg2, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, Rd and Rg3 in Panax notoginseng. The analysis was performed on Acquity UPLC system with Acquity UPLC BEH C(18) column and gradient elution of water and acetonitrile in 12 min. The high correlation coefficient (r(2)>0.9968) values indicated good correlations between the investigated compounds' concentrations and their peak areas within the test ranges. The LOQ and LOD were lower to 0.2-2.4 and 0.1-1.8 ng on column, respectively. The overall intra- and inter-day variations (R.S.D.) of 11 saponins were lower than 3.1%. The developed method was successfully used for the analysis of saponins in P. notoginseng with overall recovery of 93.0-101.6% for the analytes. The results show that UPLC is a powerful tool for analysis of components in Chinese medicines.     

HPLC测定骨松宝颗粒中淫羊藿苷和朝藿定C的含量

目的：建立同时测定骨松宝颗粒中淫羊藿苷和朝藿定 C 含量的高效液相色谱方法。方法：采用 Elite Hypersil ODS2色谱柱（250 mm ×4.6 mm,5μm）,流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液（25∶75）,流速1 mL/min,检测波长270 nm。结果：朝藿定 C 进样量在0.216～4.303μg,淫羊藿苷在0.042～0.831μg 范围内呈良好线性关系（r =0.9998）;朝藿定 C 和淫羊藿苷回收率（n =3）分别为98.53%～101.92%,97.32%～103.69%;骨松宝颗粒中朝藿定 C 和淫羊藿苷的含量分别为9.48～18.91 mg/g,1.60～3.62 mg/g。结论：该方法简便、快速、准确,重复性好,可作为骨松宝颗粒多成分检测的方法。     

UPLC法测定不同产地五指毛桃中芹菜素等6个黄酮含量

目的:建立超高效液相色谱法测定五指毛桃中6个黄酮成分的含量,比较不同产地的五指毛桃中芹菜素等6个黄酮类成分的含量差别并作聚类分析。方法:色谱柱:ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.7μm);流动相A为甲醇-乙腈(1∶1)溶液,B为0.1%磷酸水溶液,梯度洗脱,检测波长为365 nm,柱温为30℃,流速为0.5 mL·min^-1,进样体积为10μL。结果:6个黄酮化合物均能实现完全分离,且呈现良好线性关系,回收率在98.53%~100.15%;不同产地五指毛桃中的6个黄酮类成分含量具有差异,聚类分析结果表明,五指毛桃具有明显的产地聚类特性。结论:该方法操作简便,准确可靠,重复性好,专属性强,并且分析时间短,适合五指毛桃的含量测定,且因不同产地质量差异明显,可以通过产地优选来保证五指毛桃来源的质量稳定性。     

12种中成药中淫羊藿组分的质量考察

目的:考察12种市售不同剂型含淫羊藿中成药中淫羊藿2个指标成分的含量,为有效控制含淫羊藿的中成药质量提供依据。方法:采用高效液相色谱法分别测定市售12种中成药中朝藿定C和淫羊藿苷的含量。色谱柱为Venusil ASB-C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-水(梯度洗脱),流速为1.0mL·min-1,检测波长为272nm,柱温为20℃。结果:市售大部分含淫羊藿中成药所使用的淫羊藿原料中淫羊藿苷的含量均达不到药典规定的质量标准。结论:应将朝藿定C作为淫羊藿药材及含淫羊藿中成药的评价指标之一。     

基于LC-MS/MS分析鹿角方的入血移行成分

目的：研究鹿角方的入血移行成分及规律,初步阐明其药效物质基础。方法：通过LC-MS/MS法分析大鼠含药血清,明确鹿角方的原型入血成分;及不同给药剂量下各移行成分相对峰面积与剂量的关系,解析移行规律。结果：通过与标准品保留时间、离子碎片信息的比对,鉴定鹿角方中13种成分（马钱苷、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、朝霍定A、朝霍定B、朝霍定C、淫羊藿苷、补骨脂素、异补骨脂素、宝霍苷Ⅰ、红景天苷、莫诺苷、特女贞苷）均能以原型入血;随给药剂量上升,柚皮苷、橙皮苷、补骨脂素、异补骨脂素、特女贞苷的相对峰面积与剂量呈线性关系,而马钱苷、莫诺苷、红景天苷、宝霍苷Ⅰ呈非线性关系,其中马钱苷、莫诺苷、补骨脂素、异补骨脂素、宝霍苷Ⅰ、红景天苷易入血。结论：马钱苷、莫诺苷、补骨脂素、异补骨脂素、宝霍苷Ⅰ、红景天苷可能是鹿角方体内直接作用的主要物质,实验结果为鹿角方药效物质基础的研究提供借鉴。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定淫羊藿中淫羊藿苷的含量

目的建立用于测定淫羊藿中淫羊藿苷含量的反相高效液相色谱法。方法采用ZORBAX Ecilpse XDB-C18（150mm×4．6mm,5μ）色谱柱;以水-乙腈（74：26,V/V）为流动相;检测波长270nm;流速1．0mL·min^-1,柱温25℃。结果淫羊藿昔质量浓度在5～50mg·L^-1内与其峰面积之间线性关系良好（r=0．9999）,平均加样回收率为100．32％,RSD为0．44％。结论本方法操作简便、快速,结果准确,可用于淫羊藿中淫羊藿苷的含量测定。     

Chemical pattern-aided classification to simplify the intricacy of morphological taxonomy of Epimedium species using chromatographic fingerprinting

Epimedium herb (Yinyanghuo), one of the popular Chinese materia medica, is a multiple species colony of Epimedium genus belonging to Berberidaceae. There are five species of Epimedium that have been officially adopted in Chinese Pharmacopoeia under the same crude drug name ‘Yinyanghuo’ comprising Epimedium brevicornu, E. koreanum, E. sagittatum, E. pubescens, and E. wushanense. In addition, non-official species like E. acuminatum, E. miryanthum and E. leptorrhizum are also mix-used. Frequently, the morphological taxonomical identification is very difficult during on-site inspection for species authentication in the market. Researchers are often bewildered by the multiple species ambiguity when putting this crude drug in use. Referring to the bioactive constituents that are vital for therapeutic efficacy, the key to clarifying the multiple species confusion should rely on analysis of the bioactive composition. It is well known that medicinal Epimedium herbs contain special C-8 prenylated flavonol glycosides which contribute to various bioactivities and the major four, epimedin A (A), epimedin B (B), epimedin C (C) and icariin (I), are unanimously used as bioactive markers for quality control. In this study, HPLC-DAD fingerprinting was performed for investigating the molecular spectrum of various Epimedium species. It was found that the four major flavonoids constitute the middle part of the chromatographic profiles to form a specific region (named as ‘ABCI fingerprint region’) being dominant in the HPLC profiles of all medicinal Epimedium species, and the five official species express five different ‘ABCI’ patterns (different peak: peak ratios). Our study found that the convergent tendency of the ‘ABCI region’ among multiple species of Epimedium could facilitate differentiation of complex commercial samples based on similar bioactive composition should confer similar bioactivities. Merging the different species that possess the same ‘ABCI region’ pattern into the same group can create a simpler bioactive-fraction-aided classification array by clustering the commercial samples into three bioactive ingredients-based fingerprint patterns – ‘E.b. pattern’, ‘E.k. pattern’ and ‘extensive E.w. pattern’. This approach offers the feasibility of characterizing and quality-controlling complex samples in the same genus designated under a single herbal drug entity on the premise of possessing the same bioactive ingredients pattern and supported by long-term traditional usage.     

UPLC法测定莲菊感冒胶囊中3种成分的含量

 目的: 建立同时测定莲菊感冒胶囊中1,5-O-二咖啡酰基-奎宁酸、3,5-O-二咖啡酰基-奎宁酸、3,4-O-二咖啡酰基-奎宁酸的超高效液相色谱(UPLC)分析方法。方法：采用Waters Acquity UPLC系统,Acquity UPLC BEH C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1mm,1.7 μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸,以流速为0.2 mL?min-1进行梯度洗脱;柱温：45℃;样品经50%乙醇超声提取后用UPLC-PDA进行分析检测,检测波长为325 nm。结果：1,5-O-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸、3,5-O-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸、3,4-O-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸3种被测成分在线性范围内均具有良好的线性关系(r≥0.999 8);平均回收率在99.1%～101.7%之间,RSD≤2.5%。结论：UPLC分离效果及重复性好,且快速、简便,可作为莲菊感冒胶囊的质量控制方法。     

Development and validation of a UPLC method for quality control of rhubarb-based medicine: fast simultaneous determination of five anthraquinone derivatives

A reverse phase ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method was developed for the rapid quantification of five anthraquinone derivatives (aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion) in rhubarb using a Waters Acquity BEH C18, 50 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.7 microm column. The runtime was as short as 3 min. The influence of flow rate and column temperature on resolution was investigated. The method was validated according to the regulatory guidelines with respect to precision, accuracy, linearity and robustness. Comparison of system performance with conventional HPLC was made with respect to analysis time, efficiency and sensitivity. The proposed method was found to be reproducible and convenient for quantitative analysis of five anthraquinone derivatives in three species of rhubarb and related preparations.     

HPLC法测定复方前列舒丸中6个活性成分

目的建立HPLC法同时测定复方前列舒丸中大车前苷、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、朝藿定C、淫羊藿苷6个活性成分的方法。方法采用安捷伦Zorbax C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈–0.1%磷酸水溶液,梯度洗脱;检测波长为330 nm(0~20 min,测定大车前苷)、283 nm(20~40 min,测定柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷)、270 nm(40~50 min,测定朝藿定C、淫羊藿苷);柱温为35℃;体积流量为1.0 m L/min;进样量为5μL。结果大车前苷、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、朝藿定C、淫羊藿苷在10.11~202.20、49.62~992.40、15.46~309.20、44.62~892.40、18.39~367.80、52.18~1 043.60 ng与峰面积线性关系良好。大车前苷、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、朝藿定C、淫羊藿苷的平均回收率分别为97.4%、98.8%、99.5%、98.9%、97.2%、95.6%,RSD值分别为0.83%、1.2%、1.4%、1.5%、1.5%、1.0%。结论该方法稳定可靠、简便易行,同时测定复方前列舒丸中大车前苷、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、朝藿定C、淫羊藿苷6个特征性成分,为全面控制复方前列舒丸的质量提供了参考。     

A rapid method for chemical fingerprint analysis of Hoodia species, related genera, and dietary supplements using UPLC-UV-MS

Recently, ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) has proven to be one of the most promising developments in the area of high-speed chromatographic separations with increased sensitivity and resolution. In this work, a reverse phase chromatographic method was developed using UPLC for the chemical fingerprint analysis of 12 hoodigosides, related genera and dietary supplements. The method is also used for the quantification of P57 in Hoodia species and dietary supplements that claim to contain Hoodia. The analysis was performed on a Waters Acquity UPLC system with an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (100 mm x 2.1mm I.D., 1.7 microm) and a gradient elution of water and acetonitrile, both containing 0.05% formic acid with a run time of 15 min. The calibration curve of P57 showed good linearity (r(2)>0.999) within the established range (1-100 microg/mL). The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 0.3 and 0.9 microg/mL, respectively. The RSD for intra- and inter-day were less than 3.0%, and the recovery efficiency as 97-103%. LC-mass spectrometry coupled with electrospray ionization (ESI) interface method is described for the identification of P57. The developed method was successfully applied to the identification of 12 oxypregnane glycosides in four different species of Hoodia, 23 related genera and 35 dietary supplements that claim to contain H. gordonii. The UPLC profiles of various plant samples were compared for the presence of oxypregnane glycosides. Different sample matrices were successfully analyzed, providing the wide range of applicability of this method, including gels, capsules, tablets, sprays, tea bags, snack bars, powders and juices.