高血压患者血管内皮功能与左心室舒张功能间关系的超声研究

目的研究原发性高血压患者肱动脉内皮功能改变与左心室舒张功能改变间的关系。方法研究对象包括43例原发性高血压病患者和16例健康对照者。应用高分辨率超声测量静息状态下、反应性充血试验后、舌下含服硝酸甘油后的肱动脉内径,并计算反应性充血试验和硝酸甘油诱发的肱动脉内径百分变化率。应用超声心动图检测二尖瓣口血流频谱,测量舒张早期峰值血流速度(E)、舒张晚期峰值血流速度(A)及其比值(E/A)。结果E/A正常及异常的高血压病患者其反应性充血试验诱发的肱动脉内径百分变化率均低于健康对照者(P<0·001),E/A异常的高血压病患者反应性充血试验诱发的肱动脉内径百分变化率低于E/A正常的高血压病患者[(3·26±2·67)%vs(5·61±2·32)%,P<0·01]。硝酸甘油诱发的肱动脉内径百分变化率在E/A正常及异常的高血压病患者和健康对照者之间差别无显著统计学意义(P>0·05)。单因素相关分析显示,反应性充血试验诱发的高血压病患者肱动脉内径百分变化率与E/A比值无明显相关(r=0·231,P=0·073),与A值明显相关(r=-0·190,P=0·034)。结论高血压病患者肱动脉内皮依赖性舒张功能减低,左心室舒张功能异常者肱动脉内皮依赖性舒张功能减低程度更为明显。     

超声检测肱动脉内皮功能与冠心病的相关性研究

目的　采用高频超声检测肱动脉内皮功能 ,进行肱动脉内皮功能受损与冠心病的相关性研究。方法　使用高频超声对冠心病及正常对照组各 40例进行静息状态、反应性充血及含服硝酸甘油内皮功能检测 ,比较反应性充血和含服硝酸甘油后肱动脉内径和血流变化 ,并对冠心病危险因素血清总胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)及高密度脂蛋白(HDL -C)进行分析。结果　冠心病组肱动脉反应性充血介导的血管扩张内径变化率较正常组显著减低 [( 3 72±2 47) %vs ( 9 3 1± 3 5 0 ) % ,P <0 0 1] ;两组含服硝酸甘油后血管内径扩张 ,但内径变化率无明显差异 [( 9 49± 6 18) %vs ( 14 62± 4 16) % ,P >0 0 5 ]。冠心病组TC ,TG比正常组显著增高 ,与肱动脉内皮功能受损呈正相关。结论　冠心病患者存在肱动脉内皮功能受损。肱动脉内皮功能受损与冠心病存在一定的相关性。高分辨率超声检测肱动脉内皮功能有一定的临床意义。     

冠心病患者肱动脉内皮和非内皮依赖性舒张机能的变化

采用高分辨力超声法测定 6 6例冠心病患者和 33例对照者在反应性充血时和含服硝酸甘油后的肱动脉内径变化。结果显示 :冠心病组血流介导的和硝酸甘油所致的肱动脉舒张反应均明显低于对照组 (均为 P <0 .0 5 ) ;血流介导的肱动脉舒张反应与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈正相关 ,与肱动脉基础内径、年龄和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈负相关 ;而硝酸甘油所致的肱动脉舒张反应则与血流介导的肱动脉舒张反应呈正相关 ,与肱动脉基础内径呈负相关。提示冠心病患者内皮依赖性和非内皮依赖性血管舒张机能均受损     

老年2型糖尿病大血管病变与血管内皮依赖性舒张功能的相关性

目的　探讨老年 2型糖尿病大血管病变与血管内皮依赖性舒张功能的关系。方法　采用高分辨超声以肱动脉反应性充血前后血管内径变化百分比反映血管内皮依赖性舒张功能 ,对 4 5例老年 2型糖尿病患者 (2 4例合并大血管病变 ,2 1例无大血管病变 )及 2 0例对照组进行血管内皮依赖性舒张功能测定 ,同时测定血糖、血脂及血压水平。结果　老年 2型糖尿病患者肱动脉内径变化率明显低于对照组 [(1 97± 1 75 ) %vs (7 18± 1 6 1) % ,P <0 0 1],并与患者的年龄、血糖、低密度脂蛋白、收缩压水平负相关 ,且大血管病变组肱动脉内径变化率较无大血管病变组更低[(0 4 2± 0 36 ) %vs (3 5 6± 3 2 1) % ,P <0 0 1]。结论　老年 2型糖尿病大血管病变的发生与血管内皮依赖性舒张功能紊乱密切相关。     

原发性高血压患者颈动脉内膜-中膜厚度及肱动脉内皮功能的研究

目的应用高频超声评价高血压对颈动脉结构和肱动脉内皮功能的影响。方法应用高频超声对115例高血压患者和46例正常对照者进行检查,分别测量颈总动脉的内中膜复合体厚度（IMT）,计算斑块检出率,同时测量肱动脉反应性充血前后血管直径变化。结果高血压病患者的颈总动脉IMT（1．14±0．04）mm比健康对照者（0．75±0．03）mm．明显增厚,肱动脉反应性充血前后内径变化率（4．5±1．30）％较健康对照者（9．61±2．50）％明显降低,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论高血压病患者的颈动脉内中膜复合体（IMT）增厚,内皮依赖性血管舒张功能受损。     

老年高血压病合并脑梗死血管内皮依赖性舒张功能的无创评价

目的了解老年高血压病合并脑梗死患者血管内皮依赖性舒张功能。方法对68例高血压病合并脑梗死老年患者（高血压病组）及46例无高血压病、糖尿病和心脑血管疾病的老年患者（对照组）进行血管内皮依赖性舒张功能无创检查，测定两组患者血管内皮依赖性舒张功能并进行对照分析。结果老年高血压病合并脑梗死患者反应性充血诱发的肱动脉内径百分变化率明显低于对照组（P〈0．01），硝酸甘油诱发的肱动脉内径百分变化率与对照组无明显差异（P〉O．05）。结论老年高血压病合并脑梗死患者存在严重血管内皮依赖性舒张功能障碍，超声检查对评价血管内皮依赖性舒张功能有重要价值。     

高频彩色多普勒超声评价糖尿病患者血管内皮功能的研究

目的 应用超声研究2型糖尿病患者血管内皮功能。方法 应用高频彩色多普勒超声测定糖尿病患者和对照组基础状态、反应性充血时和含服硝酸甘油后肱动脉内径及血流量的变化。结果 反应性充血后，糖尿病患者肱动脉内径舒张百分比较对照组缩小（P〈0．01），含服硝酸甘油对糖尿病患者和对照组肱动脉内径的影响无差异，反应性充血以及含服硝酸甘油对糖尿病患者肱动脉血流量的影响与对照组相比，也无差异。结论 高频超声可评价糖尿病患者血管内皮功能。     

糖尿病患者血管内皮功能的彩色多普勒超声研究

目的　应用彩色多普勒超声技术探讨糖尿病患者的血管内皮功能。方法　对 6 0例糖尿病患者 ,应用彩色多普勒超声测定反应性充血时和含服硝酸甘油后肱动脉内径的变化 ,并与 30例正常对照相比较。结果　糖尿病患者反应性充血时肱动脉内径的扩张程度为 (3.0 3± 0 .34) % ,显著低于正常对照组 (12 .4 5± 3.37) % (P<0 .0 0 1) ;含服硝酸甘油 (5 0 0μg)后肱动脉内径的扩张程度为 (12 .89± 2 .75 ) % ,显著低于正常对照组 (14 .6 8± 4 .13) % (P<0 .0 5 )。结论　彩色多普勒超声技术是一种简便易行的评价血管内功能的无创性方法。     

高血压患者左室质量指数与肱动脉内皮依赖性舒张功能的关系

目的　探讨原发性高血压患者左心室质量指数与肱动脉内皮功能的关系。方法　入选 46例为原发性高血压患者和 2 9例健康志愿者。检测体重、身高、血压、血浆内皮素、心脏超声测量左心室后壁厚度、室间隔厚度、左室舒张末径及左室收缩末径 ,采用无创性血管多普勒超声技术测量肱动脉基础内径 ,反应性充血后血管内径 ,含服硝酸甘油后血管内径及反应性充血后血流量变化。结果　高血压组的血浆内皮素水平及左心室质量指数均高于对照组 [( 81 0 0±14 0 2 )vs( 4 7 2 7± 13 2 0 )pg/ml ,( 12 8 0 6± 15 0 5 )vs( 10 0 66± 17 99) ;P <0 0 5 ] ,肱动脉基础内径 ,含服硝酸甘油后的血管内径变化及反应性充血后的血流量增长百分率两者差异无显著性 [( 3 68± 0 417)vs( 3 5 4± 0 40 6)mm ,( 13 41± 5 44 ) %vs( 14 41± 7 94) % ,( 684± 14 5 ) %vs( 682± 12 9) % ;P >0 0 5 ] ,反应性充血后血管内径变化之间差异有显著性 [( 5 0 6±0 3 5 4) %vs( 8 0 6± 0 43 ) % ,P <0 0 1]。在高血压组、左室肥厚组和非左室肥厚组之间血浆内皮素水平 [( 83 0 8± 12 2 1)vs( 68 2 4± 11 2 0 )pg/ml,P <0 0 1]和反应性充血后血管内径变化 [( 4 0 7± 0 415 ) %vs( 5 12± 0 44 2 ) % ,P <0 0     

高频超声评价尿毒症腹膜透析患者肱动脉内皮功能的临床意义

目的 应用高频超声评价尿毒症腹膜透析患者肱动脉内皮功能.方法 选择42例腹透患者,应用高频超声检测基础状态下血管内径、反应性充血后及舌下含服硝酸甘油后肱动脉内径的变化,并与47例正常人进行比较.结果 腹膜透析患者反映性充血诱发的肱动脉内径变化率显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).服药后诱发血管扩张内径变化率亦显著低于对照组(P＜ 0.05).结论 尿毒症腹膜透析患者的血管内皮功能存在一定的损伤,高频超声可对其进行评价.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.