小剂量左旋布比卡因芬太尼联合麻醉行阴式子宫全切术20例

目的 评价小剂量左旋布比卡因芬太尼脊麻一硬膜外联合麻醉在老年阴式全子宫切除术中的麻醉效果及其副作用.方法 选择行老年阴式全子宫切除患者40例,年龄60～83岁,随机分为两组:A组,左旋布比卡因5mg加芬太尼25μg与10%葡萄糖水配成2.5ml溶液,20例;B组,左旋布比卡因7.5mg与10%葡萄糖水配成2.5ml溶液,20例.实施腰麻和硬膜外联合麻醉.观察并记录:感觉阻滞最高平面,到达感觉阻滞最高平面时间,改良Bromage评分法判断运动神经阻滞程度,运动神经阻滞消退时间,血压与心率变化以及恶心、呕吐、寒战、皮肤瘙痒、呼吸抑制等副作用.结果 所有患者麻醉镇痛完善.B组低血压和寒战的发生率显著高于A组(P＜0.01);B组运动神经阻滞评分与阻滞持续时间显著高于A组(P＜0.01).结论 小剂量左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼脊麻-硬膜外联合麻醉能完全满足老年阴式全子宫切除术的麻醉要求,且副作用明显减少.     

左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼用于老年下肢手术麻醉

目的评价小剂量左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼椎管内联合麻醉在老年患者下肢手术中的麻醉效果及安全性。方法随机选择50例骨科下肢手术患者(人工股骨头及髋关节置换),年龄65～90岁,随机平分为两组:A组,左旋布比卡因5mg加芬太尼25!g与10%葡萄糖水配成2.5mL溶液。B组,左旋布比卡因7.5mg与10%葡萄糖水配成2.5mL溶液,实施腰-硬联合麻醉。观察并记录:感觉阻滞最高平面,到达感觉阻滞最高平面时间,血压与心率变化以及恶心、呕吐、寒战、皮肤瘙痒、呼吸抑制等副作用。结果所有患者麻醉镇痛完善。B组低血压和寒战的发生率显著高于A组(P<0.01)。结论小剂量左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉能完全满足老年患者下肢手术的麻醉要求,且副作用明显减少。     

左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼用于老年下肢手术麻醉

目的评价小剂量左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼椎管内联合麻醉在老年患者下肢手术中的麻醉效果及安全性。方法随机选择50例骨科下肢手术患者（人工股骨头及髋关节置换），年龄65～90岁，随机平分为两组：A组，左旋布比卡因5mg加芬太尼25μg与10％葡萄糖水配成2．5mL溶液。B组，左旋布比卡因7．5mg与10％葡萄糖水配成2．5mL溶液，实施腰-硬联合麻醉。观察并记录：感觉阻滞最高平面，到达感觉阻滞最高平面时间，血压与心率变化以及恶心、呕吐、寒战、皮肤瘙痒、呼吸抑制等副作用。结果所有患者麻醉镇痛完善。B组低血压和寒战的发生率显著高于A组（P〈0．01）。结论小剂量左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉能完全满足老年患者下肢手术的麻醉要求，且副作用明显减少。     

左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼椎管内联合阻滞用于高龄TURP

目的 左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼椎管内联合麻醉经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)在高龄病人中的临床效果及其副作用.方法 选择老年TURP患者68例,ASA Ⅱ～Ⅲ级.随机分为两组.Ⅰ组为左旋布比卡因5mg、芬太尼25μg加10%葡萄糖水配成3ml;Ⅱ组为左旋布比卡因7.5mg加10%葡萄糖水配成3ml.选择L2-3或L3-4间隙为穿刺点,实施腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉方法.观察并记录:感觉阻滞起效时间、运动阻滞起效时间、平面固定时间、阻滞平面消退时间及运动恢复时间;血压与心率变化以及恶心、呕吐、寒战、呼吸抑制等副作用.结果 所有病人麻醉镇痛完善,Ⅰ组血流动力学稳定,无低血压发生,Ⅱ组有明显的低血压发生.结论 左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼椎管内联合麻醉用于高龄TURP的病人,能完全满足手术要求,麻醉平稳且副作用少.     

左旋布比卡因复合舒芬太尼腰硬联合麻醉在髋关节置换术中的应用

目的观察小剂量左旋布比卡因复合舒芬太尼腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉在老年人髋关节置换术中的临床效果。方法我院自2006年1月-2008年10月收入的椎管内麻醉下行老年人髋关节置换术110例,随机分为两组：舒芬太尼组,左旋布比卡因5mg加舒芬太尼25μg与10％葡萄糖水配成2．5mL溶液,55例;对照组,左旋布比卡因7．5mg与10％葡萄糖水配成2．5mL溶液,55例。用改良Bromage评分法判断运动神经阻滞程度,记录患者运动神经阻滞起效时间、持续时间,并观察患者恶心、呕吐、寒战、低血压等不良反应发生情况。结果与对照组相比,舒芬太尼组起效时间明显缩短（P〈0．05）,持续时间显著低于对照组（P〈0．05）,两组Bromage分级无明显差异（P〉0．05）。舒芬太尼组术后恶心、呕吐,寒战和低血压的发生率显著少于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论小剂量左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉用于老年人髋关节置换术具有起效快,维持时间长的优点,可以满足手术的麻醉需求,值得临床推广。     

左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼和舒芬太尼腰硬联合麻醉用于剖宫产手术的观察研究

目的观察重比重左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼和舒芬太尼蛛网膜下腔麻醉(以下简称腰麻)联合硬膜外麻醉(CE-SA)用于剖宫产手术的效用。方法择期单胎足月剖宫产手术患者90例,随机分为3组,每组30例。重比重腰麻液配置A组:左旋布比卡因10mg;B组:左旋布比卡因7.5mg+芬太尼20μg;C组:左旋布比卡因7.5mg+舒芬太尼5μg。观察3组患者的腰麻阻滞效果、血流动力学变化、牵拉反应程度及新生儿娩出后1、5min时的Apgar评分,观察瘙痒、恶心呕吐等不良反应的发生。结果 B组术中心动过缓和低血压人数少于A组(P<0.05),C组低血压人数少于A组(P<0.05)。运动神经阻滞恢复时间B、C两组快于A组;感觉阻滞恢复时间B、C两组慢于A组(P<0.05),且B组慢于C组(P<0.01);最高感觉阻滞平面、到达最高阻滞平面时间、运动阻滞起效时间、达最大运动阻滞时间、改良B rom age评分3组间无明显差异(P>0.05)。3组间牵拉反应程度、瘙痒、恶心呕吐的发生、新生儿的Apgar评分均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论 7.5mg重比重左旋布比卡因伍用芬太尼20μg或舒芬太尼5μg腰麻联合硬膜外麻醉用于剖宫产手术,均能获得良好的感觉和运动阻滞效果,血流动力学更平稳;与10mg重比重左旋布比卡因相比运动阻滞恢复快,感觉阻滞恢复慢,伍用芬太尼20μg时尤为明显,利于产妇早期活动,值得临床推广应用。     

小剂量布比卡因复合芬太尼腰-硬联合麻醉在剖宫产手术中的临床应用

目的探讨小剂量布比卡因复合芬太尼腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉（腰-硬联合麻醉）在剖宫产手术中的临床应用及其并发症。方法单胎剖宫产手术80例,ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级,年龄19～45岁,按随机数字表法分为A、B两组,每组40例。A组（实验组）采用4．5mg布比卡因复合20斗g芬太尼腰-硬联合麻醉,B组（常规剂量组）采用9nag布比卡因腰-硬联合麻醉,观察2组患者的血流动力学变化,最高阻滞平面,新生儿出生后1、5minApgar评分,肌力恢复时间及不良反应。结果术中A组低血压发生率、麻黄素使用率、寒战发生率和恶心呕吐发生率明显低于B组（P〈0．05）;A组较B组最高阻滞平面到达时间长（P〈0．01）;2组最高阻滞平面及术后新生儿Apgar评分的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论小剂量布比卡因复合芬太尼腰一硬联合麻醉是剖宫产手术较理想的麻醉选择。     

小剂量左旋布比卡因与布比卡因复合芬太尼腰麻在高龄病人乙状结肠切除术的比较研究

目的 比较研究小剂量左旋布比卡因与布比卡因复合芬太尼腰麻在高龄病人乙状结肠切除术的麻醉效果和血液动力学改变.方法 40例乙状结肠切除术病人,年龄80～ 95岁,ASAⅡ～Ⅲ级,随机分成两组各20例.腰硬联合穿刺,取L2-3一次注入蛛网膜下腔:A组左旋布比卡因3 mg+芬太尼20μg,B组布比卡因3 mg+芬太尼20μg,然后向上置入硬膜外导管4 cm,2组术中均酌情注入0.375％左旋布比卡因4～6ml,维持阻滞平面T8～ T6以上.观察感觉、运动阻滞和血液动力学变化.当SBP低于90 mm Hg或下降原SBP 30％以上时,静脉注射麻黄碱5～6 mg.HR低于55次/min或下降原HR20％以上时,静脉注射阿托品0.3 ～0.5mg.结果 40例麻醉皆满意,感觉阻滞2组比较无显著差异,运动阻滞A组较B组略差.2组腰麻后SBP、DSP和HR无明显改变(.P均＞0.05).A组1例、B组2例静脉注射了麻黄碱,B组1例静脉注射了阿托品.结论 小剂量左旋布比卡因与布比卡因复合芬太尼腰麻在高龄病人乙状结肠切除术中有满意的麻醉效果和稳定的血液动力学变化.小剂量左旋布比卡因较小剂量布比卡因更适合下腹部 腰麻高龄病人手术.     

不同麻醉药物在髋关节置换术临床应用中的对比研究

目的比较罗哌卡因、左旋布比卡因和氯普鲁卡因在髋关节置换中的应用效果。方法将86例髋关节置换术患者根据随机数字法分为三组:左旋布比卡因组(A组)、罗哌卡因组(B组)和氯普鲁卡因组(C组)。记录患者感觉阻滞起效时间、平面固定时间、阻滞平面、腰麻持续时间和运动阻滞效果。结果三组患者的麻醉持续时间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);C组最高阻滞平面显著高于A组和B组(P<0.01);B组的改良Bromage评级显著高于A组和C组(P<0.05)。结论与左旋布比卡因和氯普鲁卡因比较,罗哌卡因腰硬联合麻醉具有感觉阻滞完善、运动阻滞效果弱、并发症少等优点,最适合于髋关节置换术的麻醉。     

老年人经尿道前列腺电切术麻醉方法探讨

目的评价3种麻醉方法用于老年人行经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)的麻醉效果及其副作用。方法75例行TURP老年随机分为E,SP,SA组,每组25例,E组0.375%布比卡因用于连续硬膜外阻滞(L3-4间隙);SP组和SA组采用腰硬联合麻(L3-4间隙),SP组0.75%布比卡因1.5 ml加脑脊液稀释成3 ml用于脊麻;SA组0.75%布比卡因0.8 ml和40μg芬太尼加脑脊液稀释成3 ml用于脊麻。观察并记录:骶神经阻滞效果;感觉阻滞最高平面;到达感觉阻滞最高平面时间;最高平面消退时间;改良Bromage评分法判断运动神经阻滞程度;运动神经阻滞消退时间;血压与心率变化以及恶心、呕吐、寒战、呼吸抑制等副作用。结果E组骶神经阻滞成功率较低,感觉阻滞最高平面较高,出现较迟,而且消退时间长,低血压和寒战发生率高,围术期血压波动幅度大;SP组和SA组的阻滞效果较完善,平面出现和消退时间相当,但SA组平面较低,Bromage评分低,运动神经阻滞持续时间短,低血压和寒战的副作用发生率明显低于E组和SP组(P<0.05)。结论0.75%布比卡因0.8 ml加芬太尼40μg用脑脊液稀释成3 ml用于CSEA中,既能取得满意的阻滞效果,而且副作用少,适用于老年人的TURP。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.