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1.
Background
With the trend of shortening the treatment time and reducing patient discomfort/inconveniences immediate loading of implants has emerged as an alternative approach for replacing missing natural teeth. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of immediate implant loading protocol over conventional implant loading protocol in partially edentulous mandible.Methods
Twenty patients were selected from out patients department who needed the replacement of one of the missing mandibular first molar. They were divided into two groups. In Group A patients implants were loaded with immediate implant loading protocol, whereas in Group B they were loaded with conventional loading protocol. Periimplant bone loss and soft tissue health were measured and compared using OPG and IOPA radiographs 06 and 12 months after implant placement.Results
One implant failed in immediate loading group (Group A), whereas all implants survived in conventional loading group (Group B). The average periimplant bone loss after 6 months and 1 year for Group A were 0.69 mm and 1.09 mm respectively, whereas it was 0.74 mm and 1.13 mm respectively for Group B. The difference in the bone loss between Group A and B was not statistically significant.Conclusion
Immediate implant loading protocol has a highly acceptable clinical success rate in partially edentulous lower jaw although implant survival rate is slightly inferior to conventional loading protocol. 相似文献2.
Background
The immediate placement of implants into fresh extraction socket has proven to be a safe and predictable procedure. However, there is lack of scientific evidence regarding the healing pattern and osseointegration associated with immediate implants especially with different grafting materials.Methods
A total of 30 patients male or female, with a mean age of 23.1 years ± 6.0 in the age group of 18–38 years, each having at least one tooth indicated for extraction (either maxillary or mandibular anterior teeth) were selected and randomly divided in to two groups. 30 Implants (Xive® friadent, Germany) were placed into fresh extraction sockets during this study. Two types of graft materials namely Dembone® (freeze-dried bone allograft) for group A and G-Bone® (modified hydroxyapatite) for group B were used. After implant placement all implants were evaluated clinically and radiographically at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months. All clinical and radiographic parameters were subjected to statistical analysis. Intragroup comparisons were made with paired ‘t’ test and intergroup comparisons with unpaired ‘t’ test (P > 0.05 NS, ≤0.05 S, ≤0.01 HS).Result
During the 1-year interval, no implant was lost and the mean bone level at the implants was maintained or even improved.Conclusion
Immediate restoration of single tooth implants placed in fresh extraction sockets could be considered a valuable option to replace a missing tooth. The graft materials used in both groups have been found to be equally effective. 相似文献3.
评估牙列缺失患者种植即刻修复的临床效果. 4 例牙列缺失患者,共植入种植体35颗,部分种植体于植入当天行复合树脂临时固定修复,术后3个月,种植体完成骨结合后均行永久修复. 1 年后随访,所有种植体行使功能良好,存留率为100%. 12个月后种植体周围平均边缘骨吸收值为( 0. 637 ± 0. 42 ) mm. 其中,前 6 个月平均骨吸收值为(0. 625 ± 0. 38)mm,两者差异无统计学意义. 即刻负载种植固定义齿是临床上解决牙列缺失的有效方法. 相似文献
4.
Background
The continuous resorption of the alveolar ridge after extraction of all the teeth can eventually result in a jaw anatomy which offers inadequate support for the dentures. This resorption can render the prosthesis inadequate in terms of both function and esthetics.Methods
A study was conducted where 50 edentulous, denture-wearing patients, of either sex, were given mandibular implant overdentures, using their existing denture. The implants used were one piece implants with an integrated ball and socket joint for retention. A healing time of 3–4 months was given before loading.Results
Implant failure was seen in 11 cases during the healing phase. A success rate of 78% was seen in this study during an observation period of 6 months. This success rate is significantly low as compared to global records where a success rate of 87–98% is documented. The patients were asked to grade the overdenture as poor, satisfactory, good and excellent in categories of masticatory efficiency, speech and overall comfort. 71.79% patients rated the overall comfort as excellent and the same percentage of patients rated the speech as good.Conclusion
Implant retained overdentures help in improving the masticatory efficiency, speech and overall comfort of the patient as compared to conventional dentures. 相似文献5.
MM Goswami 《Medical Journal Armed Forces India》2009,65(4):319-322
Background
Crestal bone loss along the dental implant surface deranges its prognosis and is known to occur with implants having 02 mm smooth crest module/collar design. Implants with rough coated crest module/collar design are said to reduce crestal bone loss. Comparison of crestal bone loss with both crest module/collar designs of implants needs to be done.Methods
Twenty cases were selected. Each case received one implant with smooth collar design (Group-A) and one implant with coated rough collar design (Group-B). All the 40 implants were prosthetically loaded after a healing period of six months. Crestal bone loss was measured on mesial, distal, buccal and lingual side of each implant using maxillofacial computed tomography at six, twelve and eighteen months time interval after placing the implants. Soft tissue evaluation was carried out around each implant using Gingival, Plaque and Calculus Indices, six and twelve months after loading the implants.Result
After 18 months i.e. one year after loading the implants, Group-A implants showed an overall average crestal bone loss of 1.53 mm and Group-B implants showed average bone loss of 1.42 mm, the difference being statistically significant (p < 0.05). For both types of implants, average crestal bone loss was maximum on the buccal side, followed by mesial, lingual and distal sides. Soft tissue evaluation revealed that the tissues remained healthy till the end of study for both types of implants.Conclusion
Crestal bone loss was less among implants with rough collar design as compared to smooth collar design.Key Words: Crest module design, Implant, Crestal bone loss 相似文献6.
Rai-Jei Chang Hui-Ling Chen Liang-Gie Huang Yong-Kie Wong 《Journal of the Chinese Medical Association》2018,81(11):970-976
Background
A precise positioning for dental implant placement is important for further prosthesis fabrication and maintenance. Computer-aided surgery has been developed to transfer digitally planned implant positioning to the patient over the past decades. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of a computer-aided laboratory-fabricated surgical template. A further objective was to compare the accuracy between in vivo and in vitro groups.Methods
A total of 20 implants were placed in the posterior tooth region through the aid of surgical templates on 17 partially edentulous patients in the in vivo group. The surgical template was fabricated in laboratory after virtual implant planning was completed using computer software. In the in vitro group, the same procedures were performed on the models without placing fixture with the same templates used in surgery. Deviations of the implant access at the implant platform level and apical region, as well as the angle deviations between the virtual planning data and the surgical results, were measured using a follow-up Cone Beam Computerized Tomography (CBCT) investigation, and image fusion with planning data.Result
The median deviation at platform level, apex and angulation was 0.95 mm (0.3–1.3 mm),1.35 mm (0.1–3.6 mm) and 3.92° (0.44–11.66°) respectively in the in vivo group; and 0.4 mm (0–1.0 mm), 0.65 mm (0.1–1.9 mm), 2.16° (0.17–6.91) respectively in the in vitro group. The in vitro group displayed significantly less deviation (p < 0.05).Conclusion
The data from this study shows that computer-aided laboratory-fabricated template may be a reliable tool for implant placement. However, the clinical conditions seem to affect the accuracy of the template. 相似文献7.
Background
Remodelling of bone in the form of resorption generally follows the extraction of a tooth. During all stages of atrophy of the alveolar ridge, characteristic shapes result from the resorptive process, as influenced by anatomic alterations in the alveolar bone. Various ridge augmentation procedures have been documented as predictable means of establishing new vital bone for implant placement, out of which distraction osteogenesis is one such modality. Hence the following study has been conducted to evolve a surgico- prosthetic rehabilitation protocol in grossly atrophic alveolar ridge by distraction osteogenesis and subsequent implant placement and to provide an effective alternative to lost dental tissue to serving soldiers, their families and ex-servicemen of the Indian Army in a cost effective manner.Methods
A total of 30 patients with ridge defects in age group between 18 to 70 years were selected for the study. The net success rate of distraction procedure was 93.33% (100% in maxilla and 80% in mandible) with 2 cases deemed as failures out of a total of 30 cases. The average amount of defect compensated was 76.1% (85.1% and 59.5% in maxilla and mandible respectively).Results
For the implant surgical procedure the success rate was 100% and subsequently prosthetic rehabilitation on implants was proved to be successful.Conclusion
Distraction ostoeogenesis of an atrophied ridge for further implant placement certainly proves to be successful procedure by this study. Further studies in the same procedure using a larger sample size will definitely be more beneficial. 相似文献8.
9.
Ahmed Abdelwahed Ahmed I. Mahrous Mohamed Farouk Abadallah Hani Asfour Hussien A. Aldawash Ebaa I. Alagha 《Nigerian medical journal》2015,56(6):400-403
Background:
This study evaluated and compared the bacteriological effect of two-piece implants and one-piece implants in complete overdenture cases on supporting structures.Materials and Methods:
Ten male completely edentulous patients were selected and randomly divided into two equal groups according to the implant design and surgical technique for this study; Group 1: Patients were rehabilitated with complete mandibular overdenture supported by two-piece implants one on each side of the lower arch following two-stage surgical technique and Group 2: Patients were rehabilitated with complete mandibular overdenture supported by one-piece implants one on each side. Evaluation was made at the time of insertion, 6, 12, and 18 months after overdenture insertion, by measuring bacteriological changes around implants abutments.Results:
Complete overdenture supported by one-piece implants showed better effect on the bacteriological changes as compared to that supported by two-piece implants.Conclusion:
Complete overdenture supported by one-piece implants one on each side of the lower arch showed better effect on the bacteriological changes than using the same prosthesis supported by two-piece implants. 相似文献10.
Khalid A. Arafa 《Saudi medical journal》2016,37(1):79-83
Objectives:
To examine the effects on bone tissues of immediate implant-supported mandibular overdentures with cusped or cuspless teeth.Methods:
A randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Dental Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Egypt, over a 12-month period from September 2013 to September 2014. Twenty patients were treated with immediate implant-supported overdentures: one group received overdentures with cusped teeth, and the other group received overdentures with cuspless teeth. The rate of implant success was assessed clinically and radiographically at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. The data were collected by a questionnaire, an observation checklist, and radiography. The data were then analyzed using computerized methods.Results:
Overdentures with cusped teeth showed a significant improvement in the clinical criteria, including the absence of clinical implant mobility, pain, and bone resorption, while the clinical criteria for the absence of peri-implant radiolucency were insignificantly different between the 2 groups (p>0.05). There were no significant differences in the clinical evaluations for bone levels at the time of insertion or 3 months after insertions, while significant differences were found at 6, 9, and 12 months after insertion.Conclusion:
Overdentures with cusped teeth supported by immediate implants were found superior regarding many clinical criteria than those cuspless counterparts.As the life span increases, significant damage occurs to the teeth. Treating edentulous patients can be a demanding challenge.1 Implants in mandibular retained overdentures could be an effective method for the treatment of these patients;2 the success of maxillary implant overdentures was 86.6%, and the success of mandibular implant overdentures was 95.8%.3 Implant-supported overdentures have been preferred over complete dentures due to their simplicity and improved patient quality of life.1-4 The roots have been used beneath overdentures in cases with almost hopeless mandibular dentition. The overdenture design was found to be highly effective in the mandible and has been popularly accepted,5 allowing the root-to-crown ratio to increase, and the prognosis of the remaining teeth to improve. It also seems that the presence of the vertical periodontal ligament preserves the alveolar ridge morphology.6,7 Mainly, 3 impressions have been widely utilized to treat the edentulous jaw, including fixed prostheses supported with implants, removable overdentures supported with implants, and implant overdentures supported with soft tissue.8 The immediate implants are located at diseased and non-diseased sites.9 Immediately after extraction, placing the implant at a site with endodontic infection has resulted in a good substitution for complete dentures.10 Today, the problem is facilitated by the use of implants. The utilization of 4 implants is now common and popularly acceptable. In one case study of a treatment concept using Biohorizons™ Tapered Internal Implants, it was found that the use of the 4-implant concept had many advantages and good success.11 Cusped teeth have advantages, such as their effectiveness, the balance of occlusion, the definitive point of relationship between the upper and lower posterior teeth, and their acceptability and compatibility. Cuspless teeth have some advantages, such as resistance to non-masticatory mobility and the absence of harm to supporting tissue. The use of natural teeth with cusps leads to instability of the dentures, which could not be overcome.12 There has been a lack of evidence for the effectiveness of immediate implant-supported mandibular overdentures. The use of 2-implant mandibular overdentures for edentulous patients is affordable and cost-effective. The overdenture design was found to be highly effective in the mandible and has been popularly accepted. This study aimed to examine the impact on the surrounding bone tissue of immediate implant-supported mandibular overdentures with cusped or cuspless teeth. 相似文献11.
Yi-Wen Hung Hui-Ling Chen Li-Tsu Lee Kwong-Chung Tung Da-Tain Bau Yong-Kie Wong 《Journal of the Chinese Medical Association》2018,81(10):920-925
Background
In this study, we investigated the effects of treating dental implants made from titanium with argon based non-thermal plasma, immediately before insertion on implant stability and bone formation. Biodegradable sandblasting and acid etching had been previously used to modify the surface of the implants.Methods
To obtain data for 4-time points in triplicate with references, a total of 36 dental implants were divided into 2 groups; 18 implants served as the experimental group and received a spray containing non-thermal plasma, while the other 18 implants served as controls. Two treated and two untreated implants were each inserted in the jaws of 9 beagle dogs. After periods of 4, 8, and 12 weeks, the Implant Stability Quotient scores were determined and histometric values obtained.Results
Plasma spray treatment increased the healing time slightly during the early recovery period (4th to 8th week, p = 0.1595 and 0.1041, respectively), but was not profoundly effective in the later recovery stage (12th week, p = 0.4942). Both non-decalcified histometric measurements and bone growth analysis showed no statistically significant differences between the plasma spray group and the controls at 4, 8, and 12 weeks.Conclusion
Non-thermal plasma did not enhance the stability of the implants nor did it increase bone formation in our animal models. 相似文献12.
目的：观察上前牙区即刻种植即刻修复负载3年后软、硬组织的临床变化情况。方法：选择2008年10月至2012年10月期间就诊于北京大学口腔医院第二门诊部并拟在前牙区进行种植治疗的健康患者。观察即刻种植即刻修复及常规种植修复这两种方式的患者在修复即刻及3年后近远中牙龈乳头、唇侧龈缘水平高度以及种植体近远中侧骨水平的变化。结果：即刻种植组和常规种植组分别完成20例和24例,植入种植体分别为22颗和29颗。两组病例在永久修复时种植体稳定系数（implant stability quotient, ISQ）分别为76.32±3.20和76.93±3.36 （P>0.05）。即刻种植组和常规种植组在修复3年后近中龈乳头高度变化分别为(0.34±0.54) mm和(0.05±0.39) mm (P=0.07),远中龈乳头高度变化分别为(0.43±0.42) mm和(0.36±0.48) mm (P=0.13),唇侧龈缘水平变化分别为(0.70±0.40) mm和(0.62±0.34) mm (P=0.23),种植体骨吸收量在近中侧分别为(1.02±0.50) mm和(0.88±0.46) mm (P=0.53),远中侧分别为(1.05±0.34) mm和(0.95±0.47) mm (P=0.21),两组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但在修复即刻,两组间牙龈乳头指数的分布情况不论是近中还是远中差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：上前牙即刻种植即刻修复3年后的软、硬组织的变化与常规种植修复基本相当,但前者在缩短疗程、获得理想的种植体周围软组织形态方面要优于后者。 相似文献
13.
Background
The continuous resorption of the alveolar ridge after extraction of all the teeth can eventually result in a jaw anatomy which offers inadequate support for the dentures. This resorption can render the prosthesis inadequate in terms of both function and esthetics.Methods
A study was conducted where 50 edentulous, denture-wearing patients, of either sex, were given mandibular implant overdentures, using their existing denture. The implants used were one piece implants with an integrated ball and socket joint for retention. A healing time of 3–4 months was given before loading.Results
Implant failure was seen in 11 cases during the healing phase. A success rate of 78% was seen in this study during an observation period of 6 months. This success rate is significantly low as compared to global records where a success rate of 87–98% is documented. The patients were asked to grade the overdenture as poor, satisfactory, good and excellent in categories of masticatory efficiency, speech and overall comfort. 71.79% patients rated the overall comfort as excellent and the same percentage of patients rated the speech as good.Conclusion
Implant retained overdentures help in improving the masticatory efficiency, speech and overall comfort of the patient as compared to conventional dentures. 相似文献14.
Background
A study of first indigenous titanium dental implant developed by DRDO was undertaken at INMAS, Delhi. The aim was to establish the time taken for osseointegration, along with objectives to define the time of implant loading and compare the osseointegration of indigenous dental implants with already established dental implant systems.Methods
21 subjects rehabilitated using 39 indigenous dental implants were evaluated by bone SPECT before implantation and at regular intervals towards establishing the aim and objectives.Results
The rise followed by fall in Osteoblastic activity indicates the postoperative physiologic changes, which peaked at 2 weeks (mean) post-implantation and falls off to pre-implantation levels in 12 weeks (mean) indicating completion of osseointegration, healing and time of loading.Conclusion
It can be summarized that the Osteoblastic activity of indigenous dental implants completes within three months, which can be taken as the time required for complete healing/osseointegration and loading the implants. On comparison with the available data of already established implants the figures appear similar, indicating indigenous implants to be similar in biologic behaviour. 相似文献15.
目的研究即刻载荷条件下即刻种植体的种植体骨结合界面形成的状况。方法选用4只健康成年雄性Beagle犬,分别拔除其双侧下颌第3、第4前磨牙,并在其相应的拔牙窝位点即刻植入直径4.1 mm,长度10.0 mm奥齿泰(OSSTEM)SSⅡ系统种植体各1颗,术后24 h采用自行研制的种植体专用垂直加载仪对种植体进行垂直加载,依据加载力值的不同分为:载荷大小5、10、15 N组和不加载的对照组,各加载组每天以2 Hz的频率加载15 min,连续加载8周;加载0 d及第1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8周后分别拍摄术区种植体的X线片,并测量记录种植体垂直骨吸收量(VBL)。加载第4、8周后各处死2只Beagle犬,制作含种植体的骨组织切片,光镜下观察其组织结构并对新生骨进行定量分析。结果①4周后加载5、10、15 N组和对照组的VBL分别为(0.39±0.06)、(0.30±0.10)、(0.31±0.07)、(0.26±0.11)mm,加载组和对照组之间有统计学差异(P<0.05)。8周后加载5、10、15 N组和对照组的VBL分别为(0.47±0.10)、(0.42±0.08)、(0.50±0.06)、(0.46±0.12)mm,不同加载组以及加载组和对照组之间均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。②硬组织切片显示4周末加载组种植骨界面的成骨量优于对照组,8周末加载组和对照组种植骨界面的成骨量和质相当。结论在本实验条件下,即刻垂直载荷并不阻碍即刻种植体骨性结合界面形成过程,且早期可能有一定的促进作用。 相似文献
16.
目的研究不同加载时间及加载力值对微钛螺纹钉种植体-骨结合界面的影响。方法选取5只Beagle犬建立实验动物模型,分别在左、右两侧上颌牙槽骨内植入微钛螺纹钉种植体各9枚。采用恒定力值为100 g及300 g的镍钛螺旋拉簧,分别在即刻、第2、4、8周对两侧种植体加载,对照组不加力。于第20周处死动物,取含微钛螺纹钉及其周围2 mm组织块,采用扫描电镜观察骨结合的状态。结果分别对不同加载力值及加载时间各组的扫描电镜图片进行对比观察,各组种植体-骨结合界面在形态学上均无显著性差异,均表现为：种植体与周围骨质结合良好,表面有大量骨质覆盖。种植体与其周围骨质间存在微小间隙,间隙均小于0.85 mm。结论微钛螺纹钉种植体即刻加载300 g以内的水平力不影响支抗种植体的稳定性。 相似文献
17.
目的探讨全颌种植义齿修复慢性中重度牙周炎的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析24例慢性中重度牙周炎患者的临床资料,该组患者经牙周治疗病情控制后采用全颌种植义齿修复,根据患者主诉、临床及X线评价修复效果。结果共216枚种植体植入20个牙弓,其中有2枚即刻种植于术后3周脱落,即可种植体的保留率为97．3％,种植体平均保留率为97．7％。种植体平均承载42个月,所有种植体均无松动。骨吸收高度平均为（1．73±0．13）mm。结论采用全颌种植义齿修复慢性中重度牙周炎可减少牙槽骨的吸收,缩短种植修复疗程,但同时要坚持定期的口腔护理。 相似文献
18.
目的探讨种植区骨量不足患者行骨劈开增量,并同期植入种植体的临床效果。方法 18例种植区骨量不足,牙槽嵴高度充足但厚度仅3～5 mm的患者。行骨劈开术并同期植入ITI种植体,直径3.3～4.1 mm,共计24枚,18例均采用固定修复。结果 24枚种植体均形成良好的骨结合,负载12～24个月,无一种植体失败,功能和美学效果满意。结论上颌牙槽嵴骨宽度为3～5 mm时,采用骨劈开术能有效增加骨量并可同期植入种植体,获得满意的临床疗效。 相似文献
19.
Background
Little consensus exist in suitable tooth preparation design and alloy pre-treatment methods for improving the retention of resin bonded fixed partial dentures (RBFPDs).Methods
An in-vitro experiment was done with four designs. Group A: standard form, B: wings and proximal slices, C: wings, proximal slice and grooves, D: wings, proximal slice, grooves and occlusal coverage. Alloys were subjected to pre-treatment procedures like Group I: control, II: sand blasting, III: electro etching, IV: tin plating. Debonding forces of the castings were recorded in a universal testing machine and results were analyzed by student's ‘t’ test.Results
Group B, C and D showed higher debonding forces compared to A. However, there were no significant differences in mean force values among Groups B, C and D. Group II, III and IV with different alloy pre-treatment methods demonstrated higher values against control. Inter group variations among Group II, III and IV were not significant.Conclusion
Tooth preparation with adequate surface extensions and pre-treatment procedures of casting alloys are two parameters that play important role in determining the retentive features of RBFPDs. Different types of tooth preparation designs and alloy pre-treatment methods exert almost similar influence in increasing the retention of acid etched RBFPDs. 相似文献20.