上海嘉定地区变应性鼻炎患者变应原的流行病学分析

目的调查上海嘉定地区变应性鼻炎患者变应原的种类、分布,以及与年龄、居住环境、季节之间的相关性。方法应用11种国产的标准化变应原点刺液对常住上海嘉定区624例变应性鼻炎患者进行皮肤点刺试验（SPT）,分析11种变应原的分布特点以及在不同季节的阳性率。分别按年龄、居住环境来源将患者分组,比较不同年龄、居住地之间变应原阳性率的差异。结果嘉定区变应性鼻炎患者变应原皮试的总体阳性率为75.5%,变应原中以粉尘螨、屋尘螨阳性率最高,其次为混合花粉、动物皮毛;SPT阳性春、秋季高于冬、夏季（P〈0.05）,儿童高于成人（P〈0.05）,居住在城乡结合部者高于居住在城镇及农村者（P〈0.05）。结论上海嘉定区变应性鼻炎患者的变应原整体阳性率较高,主要变应原为粉尘瞒、屋尘瞒;皮试阳性率以春、秋较高,儿童高于成人,居住于城乡结合部的患者较高。     

延安市宝塔区变应性鼻炎合并哮喘相关因素分析

目的 探究延安市宝塔区变应性鼻炎(AR)合并哮喘(AS)的相关危险因素。方法 选取延安市宝塔区2016年1月至2019年12月延安大学第一附属医院和延安大学第四附属医院收治的过敏性鼻炎患者386例为研究对象,根据是否合并哮喘分为变应性鼻炎合并哮喘组和单纯变应性鼻炎组。分析得出AR合并AS的相关性危险因素。结果 变应性鼻炎386例患者中哮喘患者179例。不同性别患者合并哮喘阳性率比较有统计学意义(P＜0.05),不同生活环境患者合并哮喘阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。不同发病年龄患者合并哮喘阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。变应性鼻炎合并哮喘组中过敏原检测阳性率前5位分别为蒿属植物、海鲜、香烟、树、尘螨。单纯变应性鼻炎组中过敏原检测阳性率前5位分别为蒿属植物、树、动物皮毛、香烟、海鲜。结论 AS与AR存在密切相关性,两者通常共存。治疗时需要有效控制AR,避免AR症状反复引发AS。     

天门地区变应性鼻炎吸入性变应原皮肤点刺试验结果分析

目的：了解天门地区变应性鼻炎患者的变应原种类、分布情况。方法用11种变应原对天门地区变应性鼻炎疑诊患者行皮肤点刺试验,详细采集病史资料。结果710例（87％）患者变应原呈阳性反应,阳性率相对较高的变应原依次为屋尘螨、粉尘螨、无爪热带螨、德国小蠊及狗毛皮屑,单一的变应原反应阳性者少,多数为2种或2种以上发生变应原阳性反应,其中大多数是螨类,男女差异无统计学意义,儿童组与成人组变应原阳性率有统计学意义。结论天门地区变应性鼻炎的主要变应原为螨类,男女之间阳性率无明显差异,儿童阳性率高于成人。     

420例维吾尔族变应性鼻炎患儿变应原测试和分析

目的:分析维吾尔族儿童变应性鼻炎变应原的常见种类及分布特点。方法:对420例前来我院就诊的维吾尔族变应性鼻炎患儿进行变应原皮肤点刺试验(SPT)。将患儿按年龄分为婴幼儿组、学龄前组和学龄组,比较各组SPT及各变应原阳性率结果:患儿主要变应原为粉尘螨和屋尘螨,阳性率分别为67.8%和65.4%。各年龄组变应性鼻炎患儿SPT阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:维吾尔族变应性鼻炎患儿的主要过敏原为屋尘螨和粉尘螨;变应性鼻炎患儿SPT阳性率与年龄有一定相关性。     

南通地区变应性鼻炎合并哮喘患者吸入性变应原分析

目的调查分析南通地区变应性鼻炎合并哮喘患者主要吸人性变应原。方法采用16种标准化变应原对南通地区250例变应性鼻炎合并哮喘患者进行皮肤点刺试验（SPT）,分析变应原的分布特征,并比较未成年组与成人组变应原阳性率分布差异。结果南通地区变应性鼻炎合并哮喘患者主要吸人性变应原是粉尘螨（62．4％）、屋尘螨（58．8％）、蟑螂（15．6％）。未成年组对粉尘螨、屋尘螨的敏感程度均高于成人组（均P〈0．05）。结论尘螨是南通地区变应性鼻炎和哮喘患者最主要吸入性变应原。     

石家庄地区变应性鼻炎患者变应原检测分析

目的 分析石家庄地区变应性鼻炎患者变应原种类和分布特点.方法 对石家庄地区的422例变应性鼻炎患者进行皮肤点刺试验,观察患者对16种标准化吸入性变应原的过敏反应情况.结果 422例鼻炎患者中的368例患者至少对1种以上的变应原呈阳性反应,阳性率87.20%,其中屋尘螨、粉尘螨、艾蒿花粉、大豚草花粉阳性率排在前4位.变应原分布无性别差异,儿童对尘螨及夏秋花粉的阳性程度显著高于成人.结论 尘螨和花粉是石家庄地区变应性鼻炎患者主要的变应原,为石家庄地区变应性鼻炎的治疗和预防提供了依据.     

重庆地区6 197例变应性鼻炎儿童吸入性变应原临床分析

目的：探讨重庆地区儿童变应性鼻炎患者吸入性变应原原谱特点及其影响因素。方法：选取2006年1月至2012年4月就诊于重庆医科大学附属儿童医院耳鼻喉科的重庆地区4月~12岁过变应性鼻炎患儿6 197例,对其进行皮肤点刺试验（skin prick test,SPT）,分析变应原阳性率、阳性反应程度及阳性种类数与性别、年龄、居住环境的相关性。结果：①在6 197例变应性鼻炎患儿中,4 048例（65.32%）具有特应性,屋尘螨（65.06%）、粉尘螨（63.35%）和热带螨（40.07%）阳性率及其阳性程度居于前3位。②2006年至2012年间变应原特应性阳性率（依次为50.64%、80.21%、81.20%、82.36%、77.34%、71.18%、56.01%）先急剧上升,然后趋于稳定再缓慢下降（r=－0.104,P=0.000）。③随着年龄的增长,变应原阳性率、阳性程度及阳性种类均增加（r分别为0.115、0.120、0.080;P分别为0.000、0.000、0.000）,性别特应性差异具有统计学差异（幼儿期：61.9% vs. 63.8%,P=0.739;学龄前期：73.6% vs. 69.7%,P=0.030;学龄期：78.4% vs. 73.4%,P=0.002）。④在男童的幼儿期和学龄前期变应性鼻炎患儿中,主城区患儿变应原特应性阳性率明显高于郊县（幼儿期：43.8% vs. 64.7%,P=0.023;学龄前期：68.4% vs. 74.6%,P=0.027）。结论：重庆地区儿童变应性鼻炎患儿大都具有特应性,屋尘螨、粉尘螨和热带螨是主要的吸入性变应原,随着年龄增长,特应性程度增加,性别差异更明显。     

广州地区儿童变应性鼻炎315例吸入变应原种类分析

目的了解广州地区变应性鼻炎儿童致敏变应原种类。方法对符合变应性鼻炎诊断的患儿315例进行皮肤点刺试验(SPT)。结果 315例变应性鼻炎患儿中,283例变应原SPT阳性,阳性率为89.84%。其中最常见的为屋尘螨、粉尘螨,阳性率分别为72.70%和55.56%,其余过敏原阳性率依次为:狗毛11.43%,猫毛8.57%。低龄组(3～7岁)SPT阳性率(83.69%)低于高龄组(>7岁)儿童(94.83%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在吸入变应原种类的比较中,低龄组尘螨阳性率、猫毛狗毛阳性率均低于高龄组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而在霉菌和树草类的比较中,两组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 315例变应性鼻炎儿童主要的变应原为屋尘螨和粉尘螨,并且随着年龄的增长,尘螨的阳性率也随之增加,因此,控制环境,避免接触变应原是治疗儿童变应性鼻炎的首要问题。     

福建省泉州市变应性鼻炎患者吸入性变应原检测与分析

目的了解福建省泉州市不同年龄和性别的变应性鼻炎（AR）患者的吸入性变应原分布情况,为早期诊断及早期干预提供参考。方法采用12组共38种标准化变应原对5 911例临床诊断为慢性鼻炎的患者进行皮肤点刺试验（SPT）,据检测结果筛选出AR患者3 219例,以性别及年龄分组分析各组变应原的分布情况。结果5 911例患者SPT阳性率54.5%（3 219例）,AR患者中前10位变应原依次为粉尘螨（92.2%）、屋尘螨（91.8%）、春季花粉Ⅰ（40.3%）、真菌Ⅰ（34.9%）、春季花粉Ⅱ（34.0%）、真菌Ⅱ（31.0%）、蟑螂（28.4%）、豚草（24.7%）、混合禾木科（21.7%）、艾蒿(21.3%)。男女间变应原总体阳性率差别无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;阳性率与年龄相关,随着年龄增大而降低(χ2=141.23,P<0.01)。结论粉尘螨和屋尘螨是近3年泉州市AR患者的主要变应原,花粉、真菌与蟑螂也是常见变应原。     

徐州地区变应性鼻炎患者变应原分布特点及结果分析

目的:了解徐州地区变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)患者的变应原分布状况,为当地AR的防治提供参考。方法:对1 863例疑似变应性鼻炎患者进行皮肤点刺试验(skin prick test SPT),测定致敏变应原,并进行统计学分析。结果:1 863例患者中SPT阳性率为72.95%,其中屋尘螨(87.49%)、粉尘螨(70.79%)、树木花粉(62.10%)为主要变应原;随患者年龄增加,变应原阳性率呈下降低趋势;各月份变应原阳性率不同,其中5月份阳性率最高,为29.47%。结论:屋尘螨、粉尘螨、树木花粉为徐州地区AR患者主要吸入性变应原。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…