海洛因海绵状白质脑病MRI诊断特征

目的探讨海洛因海绵状白质脑病（HSLE）的临床病理表现和磁共振诊断特征。方法回顾性分析20例吸服海洛因致海洛因海绵状白质脑病患者的临床资料及MRI图像特征。结果 20例患者均有吸服或合并静脉注射海洛因病史,并出现不同程度的神经系统症状。MRI检查提示病变均累计大脑半球白质,双侧呈对称性分布的长T1、长T2异常信号,小脑有不同程度的受累。结论海洛因海绵状白质脑病影像学有特征性改变,MRI检查对海洛因海绵状白质脑病的诊断有重要价值,可以指导临床治疗。     

海洛因白质脑病的临床研究进展

海洛因白质脑病(HLE)是与摄取海洛因相关的选择性脑白质损伤的疾病,过去由于认识上的缺陷,有人称之为迟发性脑病[1,2]、海洛因中毒性脑病[3,4]或海洛因戒断性脑病[5].近来,根据病理显示脑白质中有海绵状变性,故又称之为海洛因海绵状白质脑病[6].     

嗜海洛因者海绵状白质脑病SPECT脑灌注显像10例临床分析

目的　了解嗜海洛因者海绵状白质脑病的脑循环改变。方法　利用单光子发射计算机断层扫描仪对10例嗜海洛因致海绵状白质脑病患者进行脑血流灌注断层显像。结果　10例均见幕上及小脑白质区不同程度扩大,白质放射性减低或缺损,双侧对称;灰质可见局灶性多发性血流灌注减低。结论　海洛因海绵状白质脑病患者脑白质血流量降低,脑的灰质亦不同程度受到波及。     

嗜海洛因者海绵状白质脑病SPECT脑灌注显像10例临床分析

目的 了解嗜海洛因者海绵状白质脑病的脑循环改变，方法 利用单光子发射计算机断层扫描仪对10例嗜海洛因致海绵状白质脑病患者进行脑血流灌注断层显像。结果 10例均见幕上及小脑白质区不同程度扩大，白质放射性减低或缺损，双侧对称，灰质可见局灶性多发性血流灌注减低。结论 海洛因海绵状白质脑病患者脑白质血流量降低。脑的灰质亦不同程度受到波及。     

还原型谷胱甘肽对帕金森病大鼠氧化应激水平的影响

目的观察还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)对帕金森病(PD)大鼠模型黑质抗氧化水平和线粒体呼吸链功能的影响.方法应用6-羟基多巴胺(6-OHDA)立体定向注射制作PD大鼠模型.将24只大鼠随机分为3组(每组8只):模型组,治疗组,假手术组,分别给予相应处理45d,给药后测定各组大鼠黑质区谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、丙二醛(MDA)、活性氧(ROS)及线粒体呼吸链酶复合体Ⅰ水平.结果 (1)GSH能使模型大鼠黑质区GSH-Px活性增强,MDA和活性氧水平降低(11.30±0.49,1.26±0.15,42.25±2.88).(2)GSH能增强黑质呼吸链酶复合体I活性(2905.28±52.15).结论 GSH能减轻PD模型大鼠黑质区氧化应激损伤,并对线粒体呼吸链具有一定保护作用.     

海洛因中毒白质脑病的临床和MRI分析(附5例报告)

目的 复习文献总结海洛因海绵状白质脑病的临床和MRI表现.方法 分析我院收治的5例吸服海洛因致海洛因海绵状白质脑病患者的临床及MRI资料,并对照文献.结果 5例患者均有明确的吸服海洛因病史及不同程度的神经系统症状;脑部MRI检查具有共同特征:主要累大脑半球白质,呈双侧对称性分布的长T1长T2信号灶,Flair(水抑制像)呈高信号,而小脑受损轻微.结论 海洛因吸服史及脑部特征性MR表现在HSLE的诊断中具有定性作用.海洛因海绵状白质脑病的病理特点为脑白质海绵状空泡样改变,散在的神经胶质退化和小胶质细胞增生,海绵层细胞间伴有大量星形细胞增生.脑白质对称性海绵样脱髓鞘改变[4].     

丙二醛对大鼠肝线粒体呼吸功能及相关脱氢酶活性影响

目的:探索脂质氧化终产物丙二醛(MDA)在体外对线粒体呼吸链复合物及线粒体内关键酶活性的影响.方法:采用不同浓度MDA 体外干预大鼠肝线粒体,氧电极法检测线粒体呼吸控制率(RCR)、磷氧比(P/O),测定呼吸链复合物及α-酮戊二酸脱氢酶、丙酮酸脱氢酶、苹果酸脱氢酶活性.结果:线粒体经MDA作用后,以苹果酸/谷氨酸或琥珀酸作底物,线粒体两条呼吸途径对MDA呈现不同的耐受力,前者在MDA 100 μmol/L时RCR显著降低(P<0.05),400 μmol/L时P/O降低(P<0.05);后者MDA浓度达到400和800 μmol/L时,线粒体P/O及RCR值显著降低(P<0.05).丙酮酸脱氢酶及α-酮戊二酸脱氢酶分别在50 μmol/L和100 μmol/L时活性下降(P<0.05),而MDA浓度达到1 mmol/L时,苹果酸脱氢酶活性降低(P<0.05).呼吸链复合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ分别在MDA400和800 μmol/L时最大反应速度(Vm)降低(P<0.05),但MDA(0～3.2 mmol/L)对呼吸链复合物Ⅲ、Ⅳ的Vm及米氏常数(Km)没有影响.结论:MDA对线粒体呼吸链及α-酮戊二酸脱氢酶、丙酮酸脱氢酶、苹果酸脱氢酶存在不同程度的损伤作用,不同酶对MDA损伤的敏感程度有所差异,本研究中相关酶受MDA 损伤的次序可能是:丙酮酸脱氢酶、α-酮戊二酸脱氢酶、呼吸链复合物Ⅰ、呼吸链复合物Ⅱ、苹果酸脱氢酶、呼吸链复合物Ⅲ、Ⅳ.     

复方红景天制剂对大鼠+10Gz暴露后心肌线粒体ATP酶和呼吸酶链复合物活性的影响

目的研究复方红景天制剂对大鼠+10Gz(高正加速度)暴露后心肌线粒体三磷酸腺苷(adenosine triphosphate,ATP)酶和呼吸酶链复合物活性的影响。方法 60只雄性健康SD大鼠随机分为5组,即对照组,+10 Gz组,复方红景天制剂低、中、高剂量组,每组12只。复方低剂量组、复方中剂量组和复方高剂量组大鼠分别按0.75 g/kg、1.5 g/kg和3.0g/kg给予复方红景天中药制剂,其余2组动物每天给等量的生理盐水。各组均灌胃给药14天,第15天进行+10 Gz离心机暴露,观察各组动物心肌线粒体ATP酶和呼吸酶链复合物活性的变化。结果与对照组相比,+10 Gz组大鼠线粒体Na+-K+-ATP酶活性以及呼吸链酶复合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ活性均明显降低(P<0.01或P<0.05)。复方红景天制剂预处理大鼠ATP酶和呼吸链酶复合物活性均升高,复方红景天制剂高剂量组大鼠心肌线粒体Na+-K+-ATP酶、Ca2+-ATP酶和呼吸链酶复合物Ⅰ～Ⅳ的活性均明显高于+10 Gz组(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论复方红景天制剂对+10Gz暴露后大鼠心肌线粒体损伤有明显的保护作用。     

高糖对INS-1细胞线粒体呼吸链功能的影响

目的 探讨高糖对INS-1细胞线粒体呼吸链功能的影响.方法 将INS-1细胞随机分为正常对照组(葡萄糖5.5mmol/L培养)、高糖组(葡萄糖16.7 mmol/L培养)、N-乙酰半胱氨酸(N-acetyl-L-cysteine,NAC)+高糖组(NAC 1.0mmol/L+葡萄糖16.7 mmol/L培养),均干预72 h.分光光度计测定呼吸链酶复合物Ⅰ、Ⅲ活性,荧光素酶方法检测细胞内ATP含量,放免法测定胰岛素分泌水平.结果 高糖组的呼吸链酶复合物Ⅰ活性[(1.53±0.24)μmol/(mg·min)]、Ⅲ活性[(1.08±0.22)μmol/(mg·min)]分别较正常对照组的呼吸链酶复合物I活性((2.31±0.33)μmol/(mg·min)]、Ⅲ活性[(1.92±0.39)μmol/(mg·min)]下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).细胞ATP含量及胰岛素分泌水平在高糖组也较正常对照组明显减少(P<0.01).使用抗氧化剂NAC干预高糖组,其线粒体酶复合物Ⅰ、Ⅲ活性、细胞ATP含最及胰岛素分泌水平均显著增加(P<0.05).结论 高糖损伤INS-1细胞的胰岛素分泌可能与损伤线粒体呼吸链功能有关,高糖可能通过氧化应激损伤INS-1细胞线粒体呼吸链功能.     

呼吸链酶复合体Ⅰ研究进展

上世纪80年代,首次报道线粒体肌病和Leber视神经病患者线粒体DNA有突变,提示此疾病患者线粒体呼吸链有缺失,拉开了线粒体呼吸链缺失与疾病关系研究的序幕.现已发现100多种疾病(包括成人和儿童)与线粒体呼吸链缺失有密切关系.呼吸链酶复合体Ⅰ是线粒体呼吸链上第1个蛋白复合物,是线粒体呼吸第1个门户,在维持线粒体功能方面起中枢作用.有研究发现呼吸链酶复合体Ⅰ缺失不仅存在于帕金森等老年疾病,而且是神经变性疾病儿童阶段发病的动因[1].     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.