长期住院精神分裂症患者抑郁、焦虑情况调查及相关影响因素分析

目的：调查长期住院精神分裂症患者抑郁、焦虑情况，分析其影响因素。方法：选取2015年1月—2019年12月于湖北省黄石市第二医院长期住院的精神分裂症患者759例作为研究对象，根据汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）评分将759例患者分为抑郁焦虑组、非抑郁焦虑组。比较两组症状评分、临床资料，总结长期住院精神分裂症患者抑郁、焦虑的独立危险因素。结果：759例患者中，出现抑郁、焦虑情况221例，占29.12%。抑郁焦虑组HAMD、HAMA、阳性症状、阴性症状、一般精神病理评分均高于非抑郁焦虑组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。住院周期长、主要探视人非Ⅰ级亲属、探视频率低、有自杀意念是长期住院精神分裂症患者抑郁、焦虑的独立危险因素（P<0.001）。结论：长期住院精神分裂症患者抑郁、焦虑症状的概率较高，主要与住院周期、主要探视人、探视频率、自杀意念有关，临床应综合分析患者具体情况，给予合理应对措施。     

长期住院精神分裂症患者抑郁症状现状调查

目的：调查长期住院精神分裂症患者抑郁症状的发生率。方法：使用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）对158例长期住院精神分裂症患者测评。结果：有49例HAMD≥20分,31.01%继发抑郁症状,以轻、中度抑郁为主。结论：对处于慢性恢复期精神分裂症患者的抑郁问题仍应引起足够重视,减少自杀发生。     

抑郁症患者述情障碍与功能性躯体不适的关系

目的了解抑郁症患者功能性躯体不适症状的特征,并探讨抑郁症患者述情障碍与功能性躯体不适症状之间的关系。方法选用多伦多述情障碍量表20项中文版（TAS －20）、患者健康问卷（PHQ －15）和汉密尔顿抑郁量表17项版本（HAMD －17）,对113例抑郁症患者（抑郁症组）和100例健康志愿者（对照组）进行评定。结果（1）抑郁症组 TAS －20总分及各因子分、 PHQ －15总分及各条目分均显著高于对照组（均 P ＜0．05）;（2）根据 PHQ 总分将功能性躯体不适分为轻、中、重度,抑郁症组 TAS －20总分、情感辨别不能因子分和外向性思维因子分均依次升高（P ＜0．05）;（3）情感辨别不能因子主要与四肢躯干疼痛及疲劳症状呈正相关（r ＝0．211,r ＝0．434,均P ＜0．05）,外向性思维因子与头部及消化系不适呈正相关（r ＝0．192,r ＝0．388,均 P ＜0．05）;（4）多元线性回归分析显示,情感辨别不能（β＝0．220,95％CI 20．55～22．28）、外向性思维（β＝0．216,95％CI 21．32～22．76）和 HAMD －17总分（β＝0．334,95％CI 21．54～23．79）为功能性躯体不适的影响因素（R 2＝0．238）。结论抑郁症患者存在严重而广泛的功能性躯体不适症状,情感辨别不能和外向性思维可能对部分症状的产生具有影响。     

利培酮对慢性精神分裂症抑郁症状疗效的探讨

目的：探讨利培酮治疗馒性精神分裂症患者抑郁症状的疗效。方法：对符合ICD—10、CCMD-2—R诊断标难的慢性精神分裂症。且PANSS评分＞60分。HAMD(17项)评分＞16分共54例长期住院患者进行了疗程为12周的开放性研究。在治疗前及治疗后2、4、6、8、12周分别用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)、汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评定疗效，副反应量表(TESS)评定不良反应。结果：利培酮对长期住院慢性精神分裂症的总有效率为70．37％，对伴发的抑郁症状的总有效率为74．07％。治疗前后PANSS总分及HAMD、总分均有显著差异(P＜0．05)。常见副反应为锥体外系症状，程度较轻。结论：利培酮是一种安全有效抗精神病药物，对慢性精神分裂症患者抑郁症状改善明显。     

认知行为疗法对精神分裂症伴发抑郁障碍的对照研究

目的：探讨认知行为疗法对精神分裂症伴发抑郁障碍的临床效果。方法：对符合人组标准的精神分裂症伴发抑郁焦虑症状的患者随机分为帕罗西汀合并认知行为治疗组（研究组，32例）及帕罗西汀治疗组（对照组，32例）。采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）、阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）评定临床疗效。结果：研究组4、6、8周末及随访1年后HAMD评分较对照组显著改善；人组前及8周末PANSS总分及各因子分两组比较无明显差异（P〉0．05），但随访1年后PANSS总分及各因子分研究组明显低于对照组，差异有显著性（P〈0.05～0．01）；研究组复发率低，依从性好。结论：认知行为疗法对精神分裂症伴发抑郁障碍疗效确切，有利于回归社会。     

住院精神分裂症患者自测健康的对照研究

目的：比较住院精神分裂症患者和躯体疾病患者的健康状况,及了解影响精神分裂症患者健康的因素。方法：采用“自测健康评定量表”（SRHMS）对81例慢性精神分裂症康复期患者和82例躯体疾病病人作自我评定,进行对照研究,并对相关因素作多元逐步回归分析。结果：两组间SRHMS总分、心理健康子量表总分比较不存在显著性差异;（P＝0．39）;生理及健康子量表及总分,社会健康子量表总分两组间的差异均有非常显著性差异（P＝0．00）。经多元逐步回归分析,精神分裂症组病程,IPROS总分、服药剂量影响SRHMS的评分。结论：自测健康评定量表是健康测定的一个有效工具,测试结果反映了两组人群实际健康状况。     

舒必利联合氟西汀治疗精神分裂症后抑郁探讨

目的：观察精神分裂症后抑郁患者在应用舒必利的基础上,联合使用氟西汀治疗的疗效。方法：将60例分裂症后抑郁患者随机分为试验组和对照组各30例,对照组给予舒必利治疗,试验组在此基础上给予一定量的氟西汀联合治疗,为期6周,在治疗前和治疗的第1、6周末对患者采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）、阳性与阴性症状评定量表fPANSS）评定疗效;采用不良反应量表fTESS）评定药物不良反应。结果：试验组抑郁症状消失10例（33．0％）,显著改善8例（27．0％）,改善9例（30．0％）,无效3例（10．0％）,有效率90．0％;对照组抑郁症状消失6例（20．0％）,显著改善6例（20．0％）,改善7例（23．O％）,无效11例（370％）,有效率63．0％,两组间有效率比较有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。治疗第1周末试验组HAMD总分、PANSS总分及各因子分下降有统计学差异（P〈0．05）,而单独服用舒必利的对照组无统计学差异（P〉005）,对两组之间进行统计分析,发现有统计学差异（P〈0.01）;治疗第6周末两组HAMD,PANSS总分及各因子分均减少（P〈0．05）,两组间比较有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。结论：奥氮平联合氟西汀组治疗精神分裂症后抑郁,起效更快,疗效更好,安全性高。     

内观疗法对精神分裂症伴发抑郁的影响

［摘要］目的　探讨内观疗法对精神分裂症伴发抑郁患者情绪症状及心理状态的影响．方法　对精神分裂症伴发抑郁患者按照入组顺序分组,每组各128例．对照组按照精神分裂症治疗常规,研究组在常规治疗的基础上加用内观疗法,治疗6周．在入组时和出组时分别对患者进行阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）、简易应对方式问卷（SCSQ）、防御方式问卷（DSQ）、汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）、汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMA）．结果　第6周研究组HAMD、掩饰型因子分、消极应对因子分值显著低于对照组（t = 2.37、2.33、2.36,P＜0.05）;研究组第6周HAMD、掩饰型因子分、消极应对因子分值显著低于第0周 （t = 2.31、2.42、2.47,P＜0.05） ;研究组及对照组第6周PANSS总分及各因子分显著低于第0周 （P＜0.05）．结论　内观疗法可以改善精神分裂症伴发抑郁患者的心理健康水平,改善抑郁症状．     

氟西汀联合奥氮平治疗伴自杀意念的抑郁症患者的效果

目的：探讨氟西汀联合奥氮平治疗伴自杀意念的抑郁症患者的疗效及起效时间。方法选取在心理睡眠门诊就诊的伴自杀意念的抑郁症患者60例,按随机数字法将患者分为观察组和对照组,每组患者30例。观察组采用氟西汀联合奥氮平治疗,对照组采用氟西汀治疗。统计分析所有患者治疗前、治疗3d、1周、2周、3周、4周、6周、8周不同时间的17项汉密尔顿抑郁量表（ HAMD）和自杀意念自评量表（ SSIOS）评分得分。结果观察组治疗2周HAMD下降,治疗3 d SSIOS得分下降,对照组治疗4周HAMD下降,治疗1周SSIOS得分下降,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。结论氟西汀联合奥氮平治疗伴自杀意念的抑郁症患者的疗效好,起效时间短,值得临床推广使用。     

社会技能训练对长期住院慢性精神分裂症患者主观生活满意度的影响

目的探讨社会技能训练对长期住院慢性精神分裂症患者主观生存质量的影响。方法将在我院长期住院的82例慢性精神分裂症患者,随机分为技能训练组（40例）和对照组（42例）。训练组按顺序给予语言训练、角色训练、职业技能培训,共12个月。采用阳性与阴性症状评定量表（PANSS）、功能大体评定量表（GAS）、日常生活能力量表（ADL）、住院精神患者社会功能评定量表（SSPI）、自知力及治疗态度评定问卷（ITAQ）、精神分裂症主观生存质量评定量表（SQLS）及WHO生存质量测定量表（WHOQOL-BREF）,对训练前后两组患者进行评定。结果训练后,技能训练组的PANSS总分明显低于对照组（t=0．44,P〈0．01）,其中阴性症状分和一般病理症状分都显著低于对照组（t=0．64,P〈0．01;t=0．72,P〈0．01）;GAS、ADL、SSPI和ITAQ得分优于对照组（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）;SQLS评分低于对照组（P〈0．01）,WHOQOL—BREF评分高于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论社会技能训练能有效改善长期住院慢性精神分裂症患者主观满意度。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.