经颅多普勒评估大脑中动脉狭窄患者脑血管反应性

目的:应用经颅多普勒(TCD)检测有症状及无症状大脑中动脉(MCA)狭窄患者的脑血管反应性(CVR),评估脑血管反应性对MCA狭窄患者缺血性卒中的预警作用。方法:17例有症状(A组)及16例无症状(B组)MCA狭窄患者作为研究对象,以15例年龄、性别相匹配的健康人作为对照组。所有被研究者常规接受经颅多普勒超声检测后,记录屏气试验、过度换气试验末双侧MCA平均峰值流速(Vm)、搏动指数(PI),计算Vm变化率、PI变化率、屏气指数(Breathholding index,BHI)和过度换气指数(Hyperventilation index,HVI)。结果:屏气试验后,试验组Vm变化率、PI变化率、BHI值均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),以症状性狭窄患者病灶侧各参数降低更明显,A、B两组各参数比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。过度换气试验后,试验组Vm变化率、PI变化率、HVI值明显低于对照组(P<0.05),A、B两组比较差异也具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:有症状及无症状MCA狭窄患者脑血管反应性均降低,有症状MCA狭窄组血管反应性低于无症状组,监测脑血管反应性有助于早期预警缺血性卒中的发生风险。     

他汀类药物对脑梗死患者脑血管反应性的影响

目的观察脑梗死患者脑血管反应性（CVR）变化,以及阿托伐他汀对脑梗死患者CVR的影响。方法采用经颅多普勒超声结合屏气试验检测脑梗死患者和健康体检者的屏气指数（BHI）,以及脑梗死患者在阿托伐他汀治疗前后BHI变化。结果脑梗死组患侧BHI明显低于健侧和对照组,服用阿托伐他汀后脑梗死患者的BHI升高。结论脑梗死患者CVR受损,他汀类药物能改善脑梗死患者的脑血管反应性。     

经颅多普勒超声结合二氧化碳试验评价颈动脉狭窄患者的脑血管反应性

目的:检测颈动脉狭窄患者的脑血管反应性(CVR),探讨颈动脉狭窄程度与脑血管反应性之间的关系,以期为临床治疗及预防提供依据.方法:对不同程度颈动脉狭窄患者,采用德国DWL MDX 0630型TCD检测仪,通过屏气、过度换气及吸入自体CO2的方法,连续监测双侧MCA脑血流速度变化,计算血管运动反应性(VMR)、脑血管运动储备(CRC)及呼吸抑制指数(BHI)等数值评价脑血管反应性.结果:①颈动脉狭窄组与对照组比较:轻度及中度狭窄组的VMR、BHI、CRC值无明显差异.重度狭窄组的VMR、BHI、CRC值有明显差异(P＜0.05).对照组双侧VMR、BHI、CRC值结果无统计学差异.②呼气末CO2分压(PCO2):对照组与血管狭窄组呼气末CO2浓度变化无统计学差异.结论:①轻中度颈动脉狭窄患者的CVR无明显变化;重度狭窄患者CVR明显减低.②VMR、BHI、CRC值可以作为评价CVR的指标.③经颅多普勒超声检测CVR的可行性,易于推广和普及.     

无症状颈动脉狭窄患者的认知功能及其与脑血管反应性的关系研究

背景　无症状颈动脉狭窄（ACS）患者认知情况目前仍不清楚,且其与脑血管反应性（CVR）关系尚不明确。目的　评估ACS患者的认知功能及其与CVR的关系。方法　选取2014年10月-2017年9月于潍坊市人民医院就诊或住院的ACS患者102例,并同期选取本院健康体检者26例作为对照组。根据CVR受损侧别 及受损情况将ACS患者分为左侧CVR（LCVR）正常组30例,LCVR受损组23例,右侧CVR（RCVR）正常组28例,RCVR受损组21例。收集患者一般资料,采用经颅多普勒超声进行屏气指数（BHI）检测以评估ACS患者的CVR,彩色多普勒超声评估颈内动脉狭窄度,韦氏智力量表评估受试者认知功能。结果　5组BHI 比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;LCVR正常组、LCVR受损组、RCVR正常组、RCVR受损组颈内动脉狭窄度比较,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。LCVR受损组词汇得分低于其余4组,RCVR受损组填图、图形拼凑得分低于其余4组（P<0.05）。LCVR受损组词汇得分与BHI呈正相关（r=0.713,P<0.05）; RCVR受损组填图、图形拼凑得分与BHI呈正相关（r=0.622,P<0.05;r=0.647,P<0.05）。结论　ACS患者中CVR降低者存在部分认知功能下降,相关认知领域与狭窄颈动脉同侧半球的功能相关,且认知功能下降程度与CVR降低程度相关。     

经颅多普勒超声屏气试验评价帕金森病的脑血管储备功能的临床意义

目的应用经颅多普勒超声（TCD）屏气试验探讨帕金森病（PD）的脑血管储备（cerebrovascular reserve,CVR）功能。方法测定32例帕金森病患者及32例体检健康者的屏气前后大脑中动脉（MCA）平均血流速度（Vm）及屏气指数（BHI）作为CVR的评价指标。结果帕金森病组及正常对照组屏气前后MCA平均血流速度比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;屏气后两组大脑中动脉平均血流速度、BHI比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论帕金森病可损害脑血管储备（CVR）能力,屏气试验可以作为正常人群及帕金森病患者CVR的评价指标。     

经颅多普勒超声检测脑血管反应性的应用价值

【摘要】 目的 探讨经颅多普勒超声检测脑血管反应性的应用价值。方法 选择2013年2月~2016年4月住院的颈动脉狭窄患者78例作为观察组,选择同期非颈动脉狭窄患者78例作为对照组,所有患者均进行经颅多普勒超声检查,连续监测大脑中动脉的脑血流速度变化,计算血管运动反应性(VMR)、脑血管运动储备(CRC)、呼吸抑制指数(BHI)等指标并进行相关性分析。结果 两组的性别、年龄、体重指数、血糖、收缩压、舒张压、总胆固醇、甘油三酯含量等对比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);观察组的超声Vm、Vs与Vd值明显低于对照组,而PI与RI值明显高于对照组,对比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);观察组的CRC、BHI与VMR值分别为9.35±1.62、0.42±0.21和0.18±0.14,都明显低于对照组的12.49±3.10、0.79±0.14和0.35±0.11(P＜0.05);直线相关性分析显示观察组的脑血管反应性指标CRC、BHI、VMR与常规超声指标Vm、Vs、Vd呈正相关性(P＜0.05),而PI、RI呈负相关性(P＜0.05)。结论 经颅多普勒超声监测脑血管反应性具有动态、简便的优势,可为临床发现脑灌注异常患者提供依据,且脑血管反应性与超声血流状况有一定的相关性,有利于指导病情判断与预后评估,可在临床推广应用。     

经颅多普勒对一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病的预测价值

目的应用经颅多普勒(TCD)检测一氧化碳中毒恢复期患者大脑中动脉(MCA)的脑血管反应性(CVR),评估其对一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病(DEACMP)的预测价值。方法收集我院急性一氧化碳中毒患者,于恢复期常规接受经颅多普勒超声检测后,行屏气试验、过度换气试验,记录双侧MCA平均流速(Vm)、搏动指数(PI),计算Vm变化率、PI变化率、屏气指数(BHI)和过度换气指数(HVI)。以3个月内发生DEACMP的36例患者为DEACMP组,同时随机抽选3个月内未发生DEACMP的32例患者为对照组,进行两组之间的关系研究。结果 DEACMP组Vm变化率、PI变化率、BHI、HVI值均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 TCD是一种简单快速、无创廉价的脑功能检查手段,它能早期发现一氧化碳中毒患者脑血管反应性下降,可作为预测DEACMP的重要方法。     

大脑中动脉粥样硬化性狭窄患者脑血管自动调节能力解析

目的 分析探讨大脑中动脉粥样硬化性狭窄（middle cerebral artery syndrome,MCAS）患者脑血管运动反应性,总结其脑血管自动调节能力对缺血性卒中发生的预警价值。方法 选取中山市中医院30例有症状及30例无症状MCAS患者作为研究组,另选取60例健康人作为对照组,所有研究者均行多普勒超声检查,比较2组受检者屏气前、屏气末双侧MCA血流速度及屏气时长,计算屏气指数。结果 研究组患者均伴有不同程度的狭窄病变。研究组病变患者BHI指数明显低于对照组健康人,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;重度狭窄病变患者指标明显低于轻度与中度病变患者,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;轻度病变患者与对照组健康人指标比较,差异无统计学意义。结论 无症状或有症状MCAS患者脑血管自动调节能力均伴有明显下降,及时检测患者脑血管自动调节能力可以为缺血性卒中预防提供指导。     

青年缺血性脑卒中患者颈动脉狭窄与脑梗死复发相关性分析

目的观察颈动脉狭窄的青年缺血性卒中患者的脑梗死复发及其临床意义。方法采用彩色多普勒超声对青年缺血性卒中患者的颈动脉进行检测,筛查出轻度颈动脉狭窄组患者42例及中度颈动脉狭窄组患者77例,随访12个月,比较2组患者脑梗死的复发率的差异。结果 42例轻度颈动脉狭窄青年缺血性卒中患者在随访期内脑梗死复发5例(5/42),而77例中度颈动脉狭窄组有19例复发(19/77),中度颈动脉狭窄组复发率明显高于轻度颈动脉狭窄组(P<0.05)。结论青年缺血性卒中患者颈动脉狭窄严重程度与脑梗死的复发有关,颈动脉狭窄的严重程度是青年缺血性卒中脑梗死复发的危险因素,可作为青年缺血性卒中脑梗死复发的预测指标之一。     

颈动脉超声和经颅多普勒超声联合评价颈动脉狭窄支架治疗的临床分析

目的分析颈动脉超声和经颅多普勒超声联合评价颈动脉狭窄支架治疗的应用效果。方法选取2017年1月至2019年2月于本院行支架治疗的101例颈动脉狭窄患者为研究对象,在患者治疗前后采用颈动脉超声与经颅多普勒超声进行联合检测。观察患者治疗前、治疗后1个月、治疗后1年的颈动脉狭窄管径、舒张末期流速(EDV)、收缩期峰值流速(PSV)、阻力指数(RI),并观察大脑中动脉的搏动指数(PI)、PSV值、平均血流速度(Vm)、脑血管储备能力(CVR)等。结果治疗后1个月、1年,患者的颈动脉RI、PSV、EDV、狭窄管径水平均较治疗前显著降低,大脑中动脉CVR、PI、PSV、Vm水平均较治疗前明显提升(P<0.05)。治疗后1年,患者的颈动脉RI、PSV、EDV、狭窄管径水平轻微回升,大脑中动脉的CVR、PI、PSV、Vm指标水平有轻微下降,但与治疗后1个月比较差异无统计学意义。结论支架治疗颈动脉狭窄可获得良好疗效,采用颈动脉超声和经颅多普勒超声联合检测可有效反映患者的颈动脉管径变化和血流改善情况,可作为疗效评估与随访观察的有效手段。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.