安氟醚全麻复合硬膜外阻滞在开胸手术中的应用

目的比较两种方法麻醉在开胸手术中的应用价值。方法ＡＳＡＩ－Ⅱ级择期开胸手术病人３０例,随机分为复合组１５例,用安氟醚吸入全麻加硬膜外阻滞;对照组１５例,全凭安氟醚吸入全麻。对两组在术中循环应激、苏醒和拔管时间及术后情况进行对比观察。结果复合组循环应激反应显著轻于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）;术毕苏醒和拔管时间均显著短于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）;拔管后病人无躁动不安,术后镇痛方便、可靠,咳嗽排痰好。结论安氟醚全麻复合硬膜外阻滞是应用于开胸手术中的一种安全、合理的麻醉方法。     

安氟醚全麻复合硬膜外阻滞在开胸手术中的应用

目的 比较两种方法麻醉在开胸手术中的应用价值。方法 ＡＳＡＩ－Ⅱ级择期开胸病人３０例，随机分为复合组１５例，用安氟醚吸入全麻加硬膜外阻滞；对照组１５例，全凭安氟醚吸入全麻。对两组在术中循环应激，苏醒和拔管时间及术后情况进行对比观察。结果 复合组循环应激反应显著轻于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１）；术毕苏醒和拔管时间均显著短于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１）；拔管后病人无躁动不安，术后镇痛方便，可靠，咳嗽排痰好。结论     

七氟醚麻醉加硬膜外阻滞对开胸手术儿茶酚胺及循环功能的影响

探讨七氟醚麻醉加胸段硬膜外阻滞对开胸手术儿茶酚胺及循环功能的影响。选择２４例择期开胸手术ＡＳＡ１～２ 级患者,随机分为七氟醚吸入麻醉（Ａ 组）,七氟醚麻醉加胸段硬膜外阻滞（Ｂ组） 。手术６０ｍｉｎ 和气管拔管后１０ｍｉｎ 时Ａ 组血浆去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）与麻醉前比均明显增高（Ｐ＜０－０５）,Ｂ组无明显增高（ Ｐ＞ ０－０５）,组间比较Ｂ组ＮＥ均低于Ａ组（Ｐ＞ ０－０５）。两组血浆肾上腺素（Ｅ） 与麻醉前比均无明显增高（ Ｐ＞ ０－０５）。手术３０ｍｉｎ 时Ｂ组ＭＡＰ比麻醉前明显降低（Ｐ＜０－０５）。认为七氟醚麻醉加硬膜外阻滞可减轻开胸手术所致的儿茶酚胺分泌增高,是开胸手术较理想的麻醉方法。     

七氟醚麻醉加硬膜外阻滞对开胸手术儿茶酚胺及循环功能 …

探讨七氟醚麻醉加胸段硬膜外阻滞对开胸手术儿茶酚胺及循环功能的影响。选择２４例期开胸手术ＡＳＡ１￣２级患者,随机分为七氟醚吸入麻醉（Ａ组）,七氟醚麻醉加胸段硬外阻滞（Ｂ组）。手术６０ｍｉｎ和气管拔管后１０ｍｉｎ时Ａ组血浆去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）与麻醉前比均明显增高（Ｐ〈０．０５）,Ｂ组无明显增高（Ｐ〉０．０５）,组间比较Ｂ组ＮＥ均低于Ａ组（Ｐ〉０．０５）。两组血浆肾上腺素（Ｅ）与麻醉前比均无明显增高（Ｐ     

平衡麻醉合并硬膜外麻醉在上腹部手术中的应用

７１例上腹部择期手术患者随机分为Ａ、Ｂ两组，观察平衡麻醉合并应用胸段硬膜外麻醉后对减少芬太尼用量和吸入麻醉药异氟醚浓度、血压波动以及术毕潮气量恢复的影响。Ａ组３６例，合并应用胸段硬膜外麻醉。Ｂ组３５例仅予平衡麻醉作对照。术中异氟醚持续吸入维持麻醉。结果Ａ组芬太尼和异氟醚的用量较Ｂ组少（Ｐ＜０．０１），且血压波动较小；术后潮气量恢复也是Ａ组较Ｂ组快（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示平衡麻醉合并硬膜外麻醉可以减少芬太尼和异氟醚的用量，使在浅麻醉状态下维持较平稳的血流动力学成为可能。     

硬膜外阻滞复合全麻在老年病人开胸手术中的应用

目的探讨一种更适合老年开胸手术的麻醉方法。②方法择期开胸手术病人８０例，随机分为４组（每组２０例），普鲁卡因静脉复合全麻组（Ｐ组）、芬太尼静脉复合全麻组（Ｆ组）、普鲁卡因复合全麻＋硬膜外阻滞组（ＥＰ组）、芬太尼复合全麻＋硬膜外阻滞组（ＥＦ组）。ＥＰ组及ＥＦ组在全麻诱导前先行胸椎Ｔ５～７间隙硬膜外穿刺置管行硬膜外阻滞。４组病人均采用静脉快速诱导气管内插管，机械通气，在上述麻醉的基础上间断吸入少量安氟醚及间断静脉注射潘库溴胺维持麻醉。术中持续监测血压、心电和脉搏血氧饱和度。③结果与Ｐ组及Ｆ组相比，ＥＰ组、ＥＦ组术中血液动力学较稳定（ｔ＝２．１３３～５．１９４，Ｐ＜０．０５，０．０１）；ＥＰ组及ＥＦ组全麻药用量较Ｐ组及Ｆ组明显减少（ｔ＝２．３０７～８．７７５，Ｐ＜０．０５，０．０１）；ＥＰ组、ＥＦ组自主呼吸恢复时间、拔管时间也较Ｐ组及Ｆ组短（ｔ＝２．７３１～３．８５６，Ｐ＜０．０１），清醒拔管例数较多（χ２＝５．１３～８．８８，Ｐ＜０．０５，０．０１），术中出现心律失常的例数较少。④结论硬膜外阻滞复合全麻比单纯全麻更有利于老年病人开胸手术，是一种安全、有效、可靠的麻醉方法     

上腹部手术全麻和全麻复合硬膜外阻滞对血浆β—内啡肽的影响

目的比较上腹部手术全麻和全麻复合硬膜外阻滞对血浆β－内啡肽的影响。方法１７例上腹部手术分别应用全麻复合硬膜外阻滞（Ａ组９例）和全麻（Ｂ组８例），测定围术期血浆β－内啡肽，记录同期血压、心率。结果（１）Ａ组血压气管插管后至拔管期全程低于麻醉前（Ｐ＜０．０５），心率从探查开始至拔管时均低于麻醉前（Ｐ＜０．０１）。Ｂ组收缩压于手术探查时低于麻醉前（Ｐ＜０．０５），拔管时显著高于手术探查时和术中１．５小时（Ｐ＜０．０１）。两组间比较，术中和拔管时Ｂ组血压显著高于Ａ组（Ｐ＜０．０５），但心率无显著差异。（２）β－内啡肽变化：Ａ组全程无显著变化，Ｂ组气管拔管后显著高于术前、气管插管后和术中１．５小时（Ｐ＜０．０１），组间比较无显著差异。结论全麻拔管期应激反应明显，血压波动较大，而全麻复合硬膜外阻滞围术期应激反应较轻、血流动力学稳定。     

七氟醚吸入全麻复合眶下神经阻滞在婴幼儿唇腭裂手术中的应用

目的 探讨七氟醚吸入全麻复合眶下神经阻滞用于婴幼儿唇腭裂修复术的安全性和可行性。方法 60例择期行唇腭裂修补术的患儿随机分为两组,每组30例。A组：七氟醚吸入全麻复合眶下神经阻滞;B组：丙泊酚复合氯胺酮麻醉。比较两组血流动力学变化,停药后拔管时间,苏醒时间及术后并发症。结果 B组之间 T1、T2、T3时点的心率（HR）、平均动脉压（MAP）明显高于A组（P〈0.05）。停药到拔管时间、术后清醒时间A组比B组明显缩短（P〈0.01）。术中B组平均追加氯胺酮2-3次以维持麻醉,A组未追加其它镇痛药物。B组拔管后有轻中度呼吸道梗阻及恶心、呕吐、躁动不安,而A组无上述并发症。结论 七氟醚吸入全麻复合眶下神经阻滞在婴幼儿唇腭裂修复手术中安全、有效,明显缩短患儿苏醒时间,术后并发症少,较全凭静脉麻醉优势明显。     

静吸全麻联合硬膜外阻滞用于胸科手术的临床观察

目的：观察静吸全麻联合硬膜外阻滞应用在胸科手术中无优势。方法：在胸科手术中采用静吸全麻联合胸段硬膜外阻滞麻醉，并与静吸全麻比较，监测插管后5、60min及拔管时和拔管后5min的收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、心率（HR）。记录氨氟醚吸入浓度、芬太尼用量，以及手术结束至拔管时间，清醒程度及纳络酮使用例数。结果：两组SBP、DBP、芬太尼用量及术毕恢复质量有显著差异。结论：静吸全麻联合硬膜外阻滞能减少麻药用量，术中麻醉平稳，术毕恢复更及时。     

七氟醚在腹腔镜下小儿疝气手术中的应用

目的研究七氟醚在腹腔镜下小儿疝气手术中的应用。方法选择40例患儿,年龄0.5～3岁,术前无上呼吸道感冒,无哮喘病史,无药物过敏史,ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级,术前检查肝肾功能正常,无凝血异常。患儿均在全麻气管插管下进行手术,随机分为两组：Ⅰ组患儿入手术室后吸入7%七氟醚进行全麻诱导行气管插管,吸入3%～4%七氟醚进行麻醉维持;Ⅱ组患儿吸入7%七氟醚静脉给予芬太尼3ug/kg、司可林1～2mg/kg行全麻诱导进行气管插管,吸入3%七氟醚麻醉维持。检测术前、切皮时、气腹开始后5min、气腹开始后10min及缝皮时的心率、血压。记录全麻诱导至气管插管时间、气管插管至自主呼吸恢复时间以及术毕拔除气管导管时间。结果Ⅰ组患儿全麻诱导至气管插管时间长于Ⅱ组患儿（P〈0.05）,自主呼吸恢复时间及术毕拔管时间明显短于Ⅱ组（P〈0.01）。与术前相比,切皮时、手术开始后5minⅡ组患儿心率、血压明显低于Ⅰ组患儿（P〈0.05）。结论七氟醚全凭吸入麻醉可以用于腹腔镜下小儿疝气手术且较七氟醚复合静脉全麻安全性高[1]。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…