三亚地区老年女性脆性骨折危险因素分析

目的 探讨海南省三亚地区老年女性脆性骨折的影响因素.方法 采用病例对照研究方法,收集2015年5月至2016年6月三亚地区三所医院就诊的60岁及以上女性脆性骨折患者318例为病例组,同期住院并排除脆性骨折患者336例为对照组.结果 单因素非条件的Logistic回归分析结果显示,绝经年龄越早、肥胖、生育次数越多、骨折史、使用糖皮质激素是老年女性脆性骨折发生的危险因素(P<0.05),服用钙剂和维生素D是老年女性发生脆性骨折的保护因素(P<0.05),而高血压、吸烟、饮酒、骨折家族史与三亚地区老年女性脆性骨折发病风险无关(P>0.05);控制变量间的相互影响后,多因素非条件的Logistic回归分析结果显示,服用钙剂和维生素D是老年女性脆性骨折的保护因素(P<0.05),绝经年龄越早、使用糖皮质激素是老年女性脆性骨折的危险因素(P<0.05).结论 服用钙剂和维生素D是老年女性脆性骨折的保护因素,绝经年龄越早、使用糖皮质激素是老年女性脆性骨折的危险因素.     

绝经后妇女子宫内膜增厚的病理分型及其危险因素分析

目的 分析绝经后妇女发生子宫内膜增厚的病理分型，并探讨绝经后子宫内膜增厚患者发生子宫内膜病变的危险因素。方法 收集2018年11月至2021年11月因绝经后子宫内膜增厚(经阴道超声检查子宫内膜厚度≥5 mm)在襄阳市第一人民医院就诊的104例患者作为观察组，89例正常子宫内膜厚度的绝经后妇女作为对照组。比较两组妇女的临床资料，采用多因素Logistic回归分析绝经后子宫内膜增厚的独立危险因素，并研究子宫内膜厚度与子宫内膜病变各病理类型的关系，通过受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)确定绝经后女性内膜增厚人群子宫内膜病变筛查的最佳预测值。结果 经单因素分析结果显示，年龄、体质量、初潮年龄、绝经年龄、足月产次数及有无糖尿病史与绝经后子宫内膜增厚有关(P<0.05)，而与流产次数及有无高血压史无关(P>0.05)；经多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，体质量、初潮年龄、绝经年龄、足月产次及合并糖尿病是绝经后子宫内膜增厚的独立危险因素(P<0.05)；随着子宫内膜厚度的增加，内膜恶性病变的比例也不断升高，其中子宫内膜厚度为5～10 mm的64例患者发生子宫内膜恶变者5例(7.8%...     

子宫内膜异常的发病危险因素探讨

目的对子宫内膜异常患者的发病相关危险因素进行分析,辅助早期诊断优化治疗方案。方法选择绝经妇女58例和未绝经妇女162例,将体质量指数(BMI)、高血压、糖尿病(DM)、月经初潮年龄、是否绝经及绝经年龄、月经量多少、生育史、口服避孕药、遗传因素、多囊卵巢综合征(POCS)、子宫内膜厚度作为观察指标,通过Logistic回归分析,研究其与子宫内膜异常的相关性。结果单因素分析表明,BMI、高血压、DM、初潮年龄、月经量多、绝经年龄、口服避孕药、生育史、家族遗传性肿瘤病史、POCS、子宫内膜厚度与子宫内膜异常的发病相关。通过多因素Logistic回归分析,最终引入回归方程的变量为BMI、DM、高血压、月经量、生育史、口服避孕药、子宫内膜厚度。其中高危因素为肥胖、高血压、DM、月经量过多、未孕和未生产;保护因素为生育1次及以上、口服避孕药,绝经期子宫内膜厚度小于7mm,未绝经子宫内膜厚度小于9mm。结论对高危人群进行定期妇科检查,可以早期发现子宫内膜异常或子宫内膜癌,提高治愈率和生存率。     

女性胆囊癌发生相关危险因素的分析

目的探讨女性胆囊癌发生的危险因素,为临床的防治提供参考。方法回顾性分析我院2008年1月～2012年12月间563例行胆囊切除术的女性患者临床资料,将其中的42例女性胆囊癌患者作为观察组,其余的521例患者作为对照组,对两组的临床资料进行单因素非条件和多因素非条件的Logistic回归分析。结果单因素分析结果显示,胆囊息肉（直径≥1．0em）、胆囊结石伴慢性胆囊炎病史（≥10年）、有无绝经史和生育个数（≥3个）差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;多因素非条件的Logistic回归分析显示,胆囊息肉（直径≥1．0cm）、胆囊结石伴慢性胆囊炎病史（≥10年）、有无绝经史和生育个数（≥3个）是女性胆囊癌患者的独立危险因素（P〈0．05）。结论胆囊息肉（直径≥1．0em）、胆囊结石伴慢性胆囊炎病史（≥10年）、有无绝经史和生育个数（≥3个）是女性胆囊癌患者的危险因素。     

秦皇岛市绝经后妇女骨质疏松症的相关因素

目的探讨秦皇岛市绝经后骨质疏松症(OP)发生的相关危险因素。方法选取2015年5月到2016年12月秦皇岛市第一医院体检中心体检的绝经后女性700例,采用调查问卷的形式,对身高、体重、生育次数、绝经年限、是否经常运动、血压、血脂及血糖等因素进行考察,采用双能X线骨密度仪测定骨密度,根据骨密度检查结果分为OP组和非OP组。结果 700例调查对象中,OP患者382例,占54.57%;非OP患者318例,占45.43%。经统计学分析显示,身高、是否伴有糖尿病、高血脂、高血压及血压分级与OP发生无相关性(P0.05),而年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、生育次数、绝经年限及是否经常运动与OP发生有相关性(P0.05)。二分变量Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、生育次数及绝经年限与OP的发生呈正相关(P0.05),是OP的危险性因素(OR1);BMI及经常运动与OP的发生呈负相关(P0.05),是OP的保护性因素(OR1)。结论年龄、生育次数及绝经年限是OP发生的独立危险性因素,BMI及经常运动是OP的保护性因素,增加体能锻炼及控制饮食等可预防OP的发生。     

老年绝经期骨质疏松症相关危险因素分析及预防措施研究

目的:探讨老年绝经期骨质疏松症相关危险因素及预防措施。方法:以问卷调查方式调查151例老年(60~79岁)绝经后女性,运用双能X线骨密度测定仪(DXA)测定其骨密度(BMD),并开展统计学分析及Logistic回归分析。结果:151例绝经期女性中,62例患骨质疏松者(41.06%);体重指数、绝经年限、生育个数、青少年时爱好运动、规律运动为骨质疏松的相关危险因素。结论:绝经期老年女性绝经年限、体重指数、生育个数、青少年时运动情况及是否规律运动为其骨质疏松症的相关危险因素,老年绝经期女性,防治低体重指数及规律运动,对于骨质疏松发展有阻止作用。     

汽南社区中老年妇女骨密度的相关性分析

为探讨北京汽南社区中老年妇女骨密度的相关因素 ,选择 1 42名 44～ 76岁、身体健康的志愿汉族妇女 ,使用跟骨骨密度仪测量跟骨骨密度 (BMD) ;由医生认真填写调查病史表 ,包括年龄、绝经年龄、月经史、生育史、既往史、妇科手术史、家族史、嗜好等 ,与BMD进行相关性分析 ;并对月经周期、生殖年和妇科手术史对BMD的影响进行分析。发现 :年龄、绝经年与BMD呈负相关 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,生育史、哺乳史与BMD关系不明显 ;月经不规律组的BMD为( 3 63 .6± 66.7)mg/cm2 ,低于规律组的 ( 3 88.7± 84.9)mg/cm2 ;生殖年长组的BMD为 ( 4 1 5 .7± 67.3 )mg/cm2 ,高于生殖年短组的 ( 3 68.7± 68.7)mg/cm2 ;无妇科手术组的BMD为 ( 3 82 .6± 84.2 )mg/cm2 ,高于手术组的 ( 3 72 .4± 48.9)mg/cm2 ,但经统计学处理均无显著性差异。提示 :年龄、绝经年龄是影响老年妇女骨密度的主要因素 ,有月经不规律病史、生殖年短及有妇科手术史的妇女的BMD较低。     

珠海地区老年女性原发性骨质疏松症相关因素的病例对照研究

目的探讨影响老年女性原发性骨质疏松症(POP)发病的相关危险因素。方法收集珠海地区118例女性POP患者为病例组,101例非POP患者为对照组,进行病例对照研究。结果经单因素分析有意义的变量有:体质量指数(BMI)、工作种类、绝经年龄、绝经年限、行经年限、初孕年龄、初产年龄、产次、平均每胎哺乳时长、饮用奶制品、户外运动、散步次数、散步距离、日光照射及日晒时长(P<0.05);将单因素分析有意义的因素纳入多因素Logistic回归分析,结果显示:BMI、工作种类、绝经年龄、散步距离及日光照射与老年女性POP发病呈负相关(P<0.05);绝经年限、平均每胎哺乳时长与老年女性POP发病呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 BMI、工作种类、散步距离、绝经年龄及日光照射是老年女性POP发病的保护因素;绝经年限和平均每胎哺乳时长是老年女性POP发病的危险因素。     

围绝经期及绝经后期女性腰椎骨密度与生殖特点及性激素浓度的相关分析

目的 探讨围绝经期及绝经后期女性腰椎骨密度(bone mineral density, BMD)与生殖特点及性激素浓度之间的关系，进一步分析此时期女性骨量减少的影响因素。方法 选择2021年10月至2023年2月于首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院内分泌科就诊的围绝经期及绝经后期女性328例为研究对象。采用定量电子计算机断层扫描技术(quantitative computed tomography, QCT)测量腰椎骨密度，根据测量结果分为骨量正常组和骨量减少组。采用更年期症状全面评估量表采集所有研究对象的年龄、初潮年龄、绝经状态、孕产史、哺乳时长，采用全自动化学发光免疫法测定血清卵泡刺激素(follicle stimulating hormone, FSH)、黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone, LH)、雌二醇(estradiol, E₂)、孕酮(progesterone, P)及总睾酮(testosterone, T)浓度。采用单因素方差分析比较骨量正常组和骨量减少组的生殖特点及性激素浓度之间的差异性，采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨骨量减少的...     

绍兴地区女性人工流产生殖道感染患病率及其影响因素分析

目的分析绍兴地区女性人工流产生殖道感染患病率及其影响因素。方法选取2017年10月～2019年10月在我院收治的200例人工流产患者,根据有无生殖道感染分为感染组99例和未感染组101例。收集所有女性年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况、联系方式等一般资料。采用问诊的方式收集所有女性初次性交年龄、性伴侣个数、流产次数、是否避孕、个人卫生情况、生殖道感染病史、流产后首次性生活时间等情况。所有女性均进行妇科检查和实验室检查计算感染率。采用Logistic回归分析人工流产后生殖道感染患病率影响因素。结果人工流产女性生殖道感染患病率为49.50%(99/200),其中以宫颈炎、念珠菌性阴道炎、附件炎最为多见。单因素分析结果显示,初次性交年龄、性伴侣个数、是否避孕、个人卫生情况、生殖道感染病史、流产后首次性生活时间等因素差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况、流产次数等因素差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,初次性交年龄、性伴侣个数、是否避孕、个人卫生、生殖道感染疾病史、流产后首次性生活时间均为人工流产后生殖道感染的独立危险因素(P0.05)。结论人工流产后生殖道感染的发病率较高,针对影响人工流产后生殖道感染发生的因素,通过健康宣教教育工作减少生殖道感染的发生,从而更好地关爱女性健康。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.